WHO Definition of Normal Labour

WHO Definition of Normal Labour

• Normal labour is characterized as spontaneous in onset and low-risk throughout its duration.
• Infant born between 37 and 42 completed weeks of gestation is considered normal.
• Birth should occur with the infant in the vertex position, ensuring mother and infant are in good health post-delivery.

Components of Labour

• Head engagement involves the fetus descending into the pelvic inlet.
• Descent of the head refers to the movement downwards into the birth canal.
• Flexion of the head is when the chin tucks into the chest, aiding passage.
• Internal rotation occurs as the fetal head rotates to align with the pelvis.
• Crowning is the moment when the fetal head begins to emerge at the vaginal opening.
• Extension follows crowning, where the head moves under the pubic bone.
• Restitution happens as the head turns back to the original position after birth.
• External rotation (shoulder dystocia) is when the shoulders align with the body, enabling delivery.
• Birth of the shoulder and trunk completes the delivery process.

Factors Related to Labour

• Passenger: Refers to the fetus and placenta; influences include:
  • Size of the fetus: head and shoulders dimensions.
  • Position of the fetus within the uterus.
• Passway: The maternal pelvis and its dimensions determine the vaginal delivery passage.
• Power: Strength of uterine contractions and maternal pushing efforts drive the delivery process.
• Position: The optimal position for the mother during labour can facilitate an effective delivery.
• Psychologic Response:
  • 1st Stage: Transition from euphoria to seriousness as contractions intensify.
  • 2nd Stage: Experience of amnesia during intense pushing efforts.
  • 3rd Stage: Feelings of elation or fatigue can arise following birth.

Additional Insights on Factors Related to Labour

• Passenger Details:
  • Fetal head, shoulders, and pelvic girdle are crucial in determining passage through the birth canal.
  • Fetal lie refers to the orientation of the fetus (longitudinal vs. transverse).
  • Presentation pertains to the part of the fetus presenting at the cervix (head vs. breech).
  • Attitude defines the relationship between the fetal parts (flexed vs. extended).
  • Position indicates the relationship of the fetal presenting part to the mother's pelvis.
• Passageway Components:
  • Consists not only of the bony pelvis but also soft tissues that might affect delivery.

This quiz explores the WHO's definition of normal labour and its essential components. It covers the stages of engagement, descent, and birth mechanisms to ensure a healthy delivery. Test your knowledge on normal labour parameters and fetal movement during childbirth.