10 Questions
What is the definition of an irritant in the context of chemical hazards?
A substance that causes inflammation upon contact with skin or mucous membranes
How should environmental substances be disposed of according to the text?
Disposed of properly, not washed down the drain
What is the purpose of laboratory chemical safety as mentioned in the text?
To protect the worker, safeguard the environment, comply with regulations, and support the conduct of studies
Why is it important to learn to work safely in the laboratory according to the text?
To prioritize safety alongside learning chemical concepts and techniques
Which of the following is an example of proper disposal of environmental substances?
Disposing of them properly as instructed
What are the consequences of washing down environmental substances down the drain?
Causing environmental harm
How can laboratory chemical safety help support the conduct of studies?
By fostering a safe environment for conducting experiments
What is emphasized in the closing of the text, 'Have a safe semester!'?
'Have a safe semester!' focuses on promoting safety
Why is it essential to comply with regulations regarding laboratory chemical safety?
To avoid penalties and ensure a safe working environment
What should be prioritized while working in a laboratory according to the text?
Safety alongside learning chemical concepts and techniques
Study Notes
Laboratory Protocol
- Know the location of and how to operate:
- Fire extinguishers and fire blankets
- Alarm systems with pull stations
- Eye washes and safety showers
- First aid kits
Chemical Handling
- Check the label to verify the correct substance before using it
- Always use a spatula to remove a solid reagent from a container
- Hold containers away from the body when transferring a chemical or solution
- Weigh out only the amount of chemical needed and never return excess to its original container
Waste Disposal
- Never pour chemical waste into sink drains
- Place chemical waste in appropriately labeled waste containers
- Properly dispose of broken glassware and sharp objects in designated containers
- Paper products without chemicals can be placed in waste baskets
Acute and Chronic Exposure
- Acute exposure: sudden and severe exposure of high concentrations into the body
- Chronic exposure: prolonged or repeated exposure over days, months, or years
- Concentrations vary; may be very little
Chemical Toxicity
- Toxicity depends on concentration (dose), frequency, duration, and route of exposure
- Examples: cyanide poisoning (acute), lead poisoning (chronic)
Emergency Situations
- Ensure personal safety first
- Isolate the area and alert co-workers
- Notify the appropriate emergency numbers
Fire Safety
- Prevent fires by being cautious
- Use the PASS method to operate a fire extinguisher
- Know when not to fight a fire: when it's bigger than a waste paper bin, spreading, or blocking escape
- Don't fight a fire alone; call for help
Accident Prevention
- Point test tubes away from you and partners
- Don't look directly into test tubes; observe from the side
- Tie back loose hair
- Don't taste substances; fan hand to direct smell towards nose
- Never directly smell a substance
Chemical Spills
- Wash off chemical spills on skin immediately and thoroughly
- Launder contaminated clothes separately or discard as recommended
- Rinse chemical spills in eyes immediately and thoroughly
- Treat chemical burns with cold water and soap
Spill Cleanup
- Clean up spills promptly and properly
- Absorb excess, surround area with absorbent material
- Wear appropriate PPE
- Use forceps to pick up broken glassware
Material Safety Data Terminology
- Poison: material with toxic effects
- Toxin: material poisonous to the system
- Acute: rapid onset of toxic effect
- Chronic: toxic effect noted over time
- Cumulative: toxin builds up in body
- Carcinogen: material causing cancer
- Mutagen: material causing genetic mutation
- Teratogen: material causing birth defects
- Caustic: material causing chemical burns
- Explosive: material that may explode under certain conditions
- Oxidizer: material that may ignite
- Peroxide former: material that forms peroxides
- Flash point: material that ignites at a certain temperature
Learn important fire safety tips on when it is not safe to fight a fire yourself. Recognize signs such as the fire being too large, lack of adequate equipment, or when your escape path is blocked. Stay safe by knowing when to call for help instead of attempting to extinguish the fire independently.
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