What is Pollution?
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Questions and Answers

What is pollution?

  • The absence of pollutants in the environment
  • The removal of desirable substances from the environment
  • The presence or introduction of harmful or undesirable substances into the environment (correct)
  • The presence of desirable substances in the environment

    • What forms can pollutants take?

  • Only liquid materials
  • Only solid materials
  • Only gaseous materials
  • Solid, liquid, or gaseous materials (correct)

    • What is the main purpose of MARPOL 73/78?

  • To regulate air pollution
  • To reduce soil pollution
  • To promote marine pollution
  • To prevent marine pollution from ships (correct)

    • What is the significance of 'Special Areas' in the MARPOL Convention?

    <p>They are areas with high ecological significance, vulnerability, or unique characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is MARPOL 73/78 necessary?

    <p>Because millions of tons of oil, liquefied gases and chemical cargoes are being transported by sea daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did MARPOL 73/78 enter into force?

    <p>October 2, 1983</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did Annex I - Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil enter into force?

    <p>October 2, 1983</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of oil pollution due to negligence?

    <p>Regular maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum oil content allowed in the effluent without dilution for ships outside special areas?

    <p>15 ppm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which area is any discharge into the sea or air of oily mixtures from any ship prohibited?

    <p>Antarctic area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the conditions for discharging oily mixtures outside special areas?

    <p>The vessel is proceeding en route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a special area?

    <p>Gulfs area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    What is Pollution?

    • Pollution is the presence or introduction of harmful or undesirable substances into the environment, affecting living organisms and ecosystems.
    • Pollutants can be in the form of solid, liquid, or gaseous materials.

    MARPOL 73/78 (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships)

    • Adopted on November 2, 1973, and entered into force on October 2, 1983.
    • Updated through amendments to strengthen provisions.
    • Necessary due to the massive transportation of oil, liquefied gases, and chemical cargoes by sea, which can lead to pollution.

    Special Areas

    • Geographical regions designated for additional environmental protection due to ecological significance, vulnerability, or unique characteristics.
    • Stricter regulations applied to prevent pollution from ships and reduce the impact on the marine environment.

    Annex I - Regulations for the Prevention of Pollution by Oil

    • Entered into force on October 2, 1983.

    Causes of Oil Pollution

    • Operational: due to negligence or accidental causes such as grounding, collision.

    Special Areas List

    • Mediterranean Sea
    • Baltic Sea
    • Black Sea
    • Red Sea
    • "Gulfs" area
    • Gulf of Aden
    • Antarctic area
    • North West European Waters
    • Oman area of the Arabian Sea
    • Southern South African waters

    Discharge Criteria Requirements for Machinery Spaces of All Ships 400 GRT & Above

    • Outside Special Area:
      • Must meet specific criteria:
        • Proceeding en route
        • Oily mixture processed through oil filtering equipment
        • Oil content of effluent does not exceed 15 ppm
        • Oily mixture does not originate from cargo pump room bilges on oil tankers
        • Oily mixture, in case of oil tankers, is not mixed with oil cargo residues
    • In Special Area:
      • Same criteria but with different levels
    • In Antarctic area:
      • Any discharge into the sea or air of oily mixtures from any ship is prohibited

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    Description

    This quiz covers the definition and aspects of pollution, including its effects on living organisms and ecosystems, as well as environment types affected. Learn about pollutants, MARPOL 73/78, and more.

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