Questions and Answers
What is the ASCII value of the numeric character 0?
A 32-bit computer can process 64-bit numbers in one operation.
False
What is the primary usage of JavaScript?
Client-side scripting for web applications
The binary value between 0 and 127 is used to represent a specific __________ in ASCII.
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Match the following prefixes with their equivalent power of 2:
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What is the range of ASCII values for lower case alphabets?
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What is the meaning of the term 'datum'?
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A bit is a collection of 4 binary digits.
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What is the basic unit of measuring the memory size in the computer?
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A collection of 8 bits is called a _______________.
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What is the number of bits in a nibble?
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In decimal system, 1 Kilo represents 1024.
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What is the term for '0' or '1' that the Computer can understand?
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Match the following memory sizes:
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Study Notes
Data and Its Representation
- Data originates from the term "datum," indicating a raw fact about people, places, or objects.
- Variables defined include Name, Age, Class, Marks, and Subject. Example values: Name = Rajesh, Age = 16, Class = XI, Marks = 65, Subject = Computer Science.
- Data is processed to form meaningful information, e.g., "Rajesh is 16 years old, studying in Class XI, has scored 65 marks in Computer Science."
Binary System
- Computers process data as binary digits, represented as ‘0’ (zero) and ‘1’ (one).
- The binary system, known as Machine language, is essential for computer understanding of data.
Units of Data
- A bit is the smallest unit of data, representing either ‘0’ or ‘1’.
- A nibble consists of 4 bits, while a byte, comprising 8 bits, is the standard memory size unit in computers.
- Word length refers to bits processed by a CPU, which can be 8, 16, 32, or 64 bits; modern computers typically use 32 or 64 bits.
Memory Size Measurements
- KiloByte (KB) represents 1024 bytes (2^10).
- MegaByte (MB) represents 1024 KB (2^20).
- GigaByte (GB) represents 1024 MB (2^30).
- TeraByte (TB) represents 1024 GB (2^40).
Larger Memory Sizes
- PetaByte (PB) = 2^50 bytes.
- ExaByte (EB) = 2^60 bytes.
- ZettaByte (ZB) = 2^70 bytes.
- YottaByte (YB) = 2^80 bytes.
Representing Characters
- Bytes represent characters in text, utilizing coding schemes for character sets.
- ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a widely used coding scheme where each binary value from 0 to 127 corresponds to specific characters.
- ASCII values: space = 32, numeric 0 = 48, lowercase a-z = 97 to 122, uppercase A-Z = 65 to 90.
Computer Speed
- A computer's processing speed is influenced by its word length; a 64-bit computer can handle 64-bit numbers in one operation, while a 32-bit computer must break them into smaller sections, slowing processing speed.
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Description
Learn about the concept of data, its definition, and examples. Understand how data is a raw fact about people, places, or objects and how it is processed to get information.
