What are Tsunamis?

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Questions and Answers

Which geological event is least likely to directly cause a tsunami?

  • A large earthquake with an epicenter under the ocean.
  • A strong hurricane far out at sea. (correct)
  • A landslide near the coast.
  • An underwater volcanic eruption.

A tsunami is most accurately described as which of the following?

  • A single, massive wave that crashes onto the shore.
  • A large, spiraling storm system over the ocean.
  • A series of waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of water. (correct)
  • A sudden, temporary increase in sea level during a storm.

Why do underwater explosions have the potential to generate tsunamis?

  • Explosions create a vacuum that sucks water inwards, forming a large wave.
  • Explosions heat the water rapidly, causing it to expand and create a wave.
  • Explosions always trigger large earthquakes.
  • Explosions displace a large volume of water, creating a disturbance. (correct)

Which of these factors would have the LEAST impact on the SIZE of a tsunami wave?

<p>The air temperature at the location of the earthquake. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a large earthquake occurs near a coastline, what is the most prudent immediate action for people in coastal areas?

<p>Immediately evacuate to higher ground. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the speed of a tsunami change as it approaches shallower coastal waters?

<p>It decreases significantly. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can tsunamis be dangerous even if the initial wave is not particularly large?

<p>The wave is followed by a series of similarly sized or larger waves. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic of tsunamis allows them to travel long distances across oceans with minimal energy loss?

<p>Their very long wavelength. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason that a relatively small volume of water displacement can sometimes result in a large tsunami?

<p>The shape and resonance of the body of water amplify the wave. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A tsunami is likely to occur after which of these events?

<p>A large underwater earthquake. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which activity is LEAST likely to cause a tsunami?

<p>Commercial fishing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are tsunamis sometimes referred to as 'seismic sea waves'?

<p>They are frequently caused by earthquakes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important reason for establishing tsunami warning systems?

<p>To provide early warnings and allow for evacuation of coastal areas. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property of a tsunami wave remains relatively constant as it travels across the open ocean?

<p>Wavelength. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between wind-generated waves and tsunami waves?

<p>Tsunami waves involve a much larger volume of water and longer wavelengths. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the period (time between waves) of a tsunami typically compare to that of a normal ocean wave?

<p>Much longer. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a tsunami first appear as a receding of the ocean from the shore?

<p>The trough of the tsunami wave arrives before the crest. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following human activities can increase the risk of tsunami damage in coastal areas?

<p>Removing natural coastal barriers like sand dunes and vegetation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information is most critical to include in a public service announcement regarding tsunami safety after a significant offshore earthquake?

<p>Instructions to move to higher ground immediately. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is deep ocean monitoring important for tsunami detection?

<p>To detect the passage of tsunami waves and assess their size. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Tsunami

A series of waves caused by a large volume of water displacement, typically in an ocean or large lake.

Causes of tsunamis

Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and underwater explosions cause this natural disaster.

Study Notes

  • A tsunami is a series of waves in a body of water.
  • They are caused by the displacement of a large volume of water.
  • This generally occurs in an ocean or a large lake.
  • Earthquakes can generate tsunamis.
  • Volcanic eruptions can generate tsunamis.
  • Underwater explosions can generate tsunamis.
  • These explosions can occur above or below water.

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