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Questions and Answers
What is the most basic unit of matter that cannot be divided into anything smaller?
What is the most basic unit of matter that cannot be divided into anything smaller?
What is the minimum number of atoms required to form a molecule?
What is the minimum number of atoms required to form a molecule?
What is the common element found in all living organisms?
What is the common element found in all living organisms?
What is the primary way scientists measure the size of molecules?
What is the primary way scientists measure the size of molecules?
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What is the term for the total mass of all atoms present in a molecule?
What is the term for the total mass of all atoms present in a molecule?
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What is the characteristic that distinguishes living organisms from non-living things?
What is the characteristic that distinguishes living organisms from non-living things?
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What is the term for the process of maintaining a stable internal environment in living organisms?
What is the term for the process of maintaining a stable internal environment in living organisms?
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What is the atomic mass of oxygen?
What is the atomic mass of oxygen?
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What is the molecular weight of H2O?
What is the molecular weight of H2O?
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What is one billionth of a meter equal to?
What is one billionth of a meter equal to?
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What is the size of a water molecule in nanometers?
What is the size of a water molecule in nanometers?
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What type of molecule is made up of two identical atoms?
What type of molecule is made up of two identical atoms?
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What is the most abundant molecule in the human body?
What is the most abundant molecule in the human body?
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What is the largest macromolecule in the body?
What is the largest macromolecule in the body?
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What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
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Study Notes
What are Molecules?
- A molecule is formed when two or more atoms combine and become chemically bonded.
- Atoms are the most basic unit of matter and can't be divided into anything smaller.
- Molecules serve as the building blocks that make up everything in the world, living and nonliving.
Living Organisms
- To be considered a living organism, there are eight criteria that must be met:
- Growth and development
- Evolution
- Response to the environment
- Comprised of cells
- Reproduction
- Genetic code
- Homeostasis
- Obtaining and using energy
Molecular Size
- Molecules range from shapes to sizes, making it hard to determine how big they are.
- The size of a molecule can be measured using nanometers, angstroms, or molecular weight.
- Molecular weight is the mass sum of all atoms present within a molecule.
Interpreting the Periodic Table
- The periodic table shows the atomic mass of each element underneath the atomic symbol.
- Molecular weight can be calculated using the atomic masses of the atoms present in the molecule.
Types of Molecules
- Homonuclear Diatomic molecules are the bonding of two identical atoms.
- Heteronuclear Diatomic atoms are the binding of two different atoms.
- Examples of homonuclear diatomic molecules include O2, H2, N2, F2, I2, Cl2, and Br2.
- Examples of heteronuclear diatomic molecules include NaCl, HCl, CO, and NO.
Most Common Molecule in Living Things
- Water is the most abundant molecule in the body, making up about 65% of its total mass.
- The most common elements making up the elements of the body are carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur.
- Combinations of these elements form the macromolecules in our body: proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
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Description
Learn about the basics of molecules, the building blocks of matter, and how atoms combine to form them.
