Western Philosophers of Education

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Questions and Answers

Which philosopher is known as the father of modern education?

Anselm

John Amos Comenius (correct)

John Dewey

John Locke

What concept is John Locke famously associated with?

Blank sheet (tabula rasa) (correct)

Child-centered education

Moral and virtue development

Natural development of faculties

Which work did Erasmus advocate for regarding education?

Institution Oratoria

Emile

Education should align with societal needs (correct)

Summa Theologiae

Which educational theorist defined education as the harmonious development of a child's faculties?

Pestalozzi Signup and view all the answers

What philosophy did St. Thomas Aquinas contribute to?

Scholasticism Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher wrote 'Emile' and emphasized education according to the nature of the child?

John Jacques Rousseau Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the father of kindergarten?

Froebel Signup and view all the answers

What did Ascham condemn in his writings?

Strict discipline in schools Signup and view all the answers

Who played a significant role in the formulation of Confucianism alongside Confucius?

Mencius Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Mencius' political philosophy?

The necessity of a good ruler for good government Signup and view all the answers

Which educational philosophy emphasizes inquiry and dialogue in teaching methods?

Progressivism Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea proposed by existentialism in the context of education?

Existence precedes essence Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following philosophers is associated with the concept that man is inherently curious?

John Dewey Signup and view all the answers

What does the philosophical background of teaching signify?

Teachers have a rich philosophical heritage to draw from Signup and view all the answers

Which philosophy is primarily concerned with the preservation of knowledge and its truth?

Perennialism Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'li' represent in Confucianism?

The principle of propriety Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the classroom according to the educational philosophy mentioned?

To serve as a laboratory for experiencing real-world practices Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of behaviorism as an educational philosophy?

Strictly concerns observable behavior Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Western Philosophers of Education

Ciero wrote "Oratore"
Quintillian wrote "Institution Oratoria", a famous Grammaticus
Anselm is considered the father of scholasticism
Abelard spearheaded Conceptualism
St. Thomas Aquinas wrote "Summa Theologica"
Erasmus advocated education aligned with societal needs, highlighting child character study
Ascham's "Schoolmaster" criticized harsh punishments in English schools
John Amos Comenius, the father of modern education, authored the first picture book "Orbis Senualium Pictus"
Mulcaster emphasized education aligned with nature
John Locke introduced the concept of tabula rasa (blank slate)
John Jacques Rousseau wrote "Emile," advocating education aligned with the child's nature
Pestalozzi defined education as the natural, symmetrical, and harmonious development of child faculties
Herbart viewed education as cultivating morality and virtue, known for the Herbatian Method
Friedrich Froebel is considered the father of kindergarten
John Dewey stated, "Education is not preparation for life; it is life"
St. John Baptiste de la Salle is the patron saint of teachers
Maria Montessori advocated child-centered education and prepared environments

Oriental Philosophy

Oriental philosophy is preliminary to Western thought, focusing on religious modes of thought and worldviews
Oriental ideas, particularly in Gnostic philosophy, influenced Western thought, but Western thought later gained prominence
Oriental philosophy approximates philosophy, but its focus on religion distinguishes it

Confucianism

Confucianism began with Confucius, further developed by Mencius and Xunzi
Confucius is the Latinized name for Kung-Fu-Tzu (Master Kong)
Confucius founded the Ju School, known as Confucianism in the West

Mencius' Political Philosophy

Man is a political animal, fully developing within society and state
Good government depends on the ruler's example
Education emphasizes social reform, involving student experience, social action, and real-world applications
Teaching methods include problem-oriented study, group discussions, inquiry, dialogue, interaction, and community-based learning; the classroom acts as a laboratory

Teaching Profession: The Teacher and Society

Teachers inherit a rich philosophical heritage from past thinkers who pondered human existence
Five main philosophies of education are: Essentialism (William Bagley), Progressivism (John Dewey), Perennialism (Robert Hutchins), Existentialism (Jean-Paul Sartre), and Behaviorism (John Watson)

Human Nature and the Pursuit of Knowledge

Human nature is inherently curious, seeking to understand "whatness, whyness, and howness"
This pursuit leads to knowledge acquisition and truth preservation for humanity
Ideas, being eternal, need cultivation and protection and must be presented naturally and meaningfully; philosophy and education work together to achieve this

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Description

Explore the contributions and ideas of key Western philosophers in education. This quiz covers essential figures like Erasmus, John Locke, and Rousseau, along with their impact on modern educational theories and practices. Test your knowledge on their writings and philosophies.