Western Civ Chapter 6 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

When did Constantinople, the wealthy eastern capital of the Roman Empire, finally fall to foreign conquest?

1453

Christian scholars fervently rejected all Greek and Roman philosophies because the philosophies were pagan.

False

Why might some scholars assert that the mosaic blends Jesus and Sol Invictus?

The figure in the mosaic is driving a chariot, similar to Sol Invictus on Constantine's shield, and the sun rays around Sol Invictus' head resemble the figure's halo in the mosaic.

Place the following events in chronological order: Central Asian Huns migrated into the Black Sea region, forcing the Goths to enter the Roman Empire as refugees.

<ol> <li>Central Asian Huns migrated, 2. Roman army defeated by Goths at Adrianople, 3. Alaric moved to Italy, 4. Alaric and the Goths sacked Rome.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Place these events in the establishment of Christianity in chronological order: Paul of Tarsus spread Christianity, Decius and Diocletian targeted Christians, Constantine issued the Edict of Milan, The Council of Nicea asserted Arianism as heresy.

<ol> <li>Paul of Tarsus spread Christianity, 2. Decius and Diocletian targeted Christians, 3. Constantine issued the Edict of Milan, 4. The Council of Nicea asserted Arianism as heresy.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

At the time of the Great Persecution of 303, what portion of the Roman population was Christian?

Less than 5 percent in the West and no more than 10 percent in the East. Signup and view all the answers

Residents of Galilee felt differently about Roman rule: _ participated in the Roman system and benefited from it, while _ disliked it.

Jewish elites, poor city-dwellers and rural people. Signup and view all the answers

Which of Diocletian's changes illustrated his adoption of the title dominus?

His clothing, palace, and public ceremonies began to resemble those of Persian royalty. Signup and view all the answers

What can one say about the relationship between the Pharisees and the origins of Christianity?

Many Christian concepts originated with the Pharisees, and Jesus's claim as the Messiah went beyond their teachings. Signup and view all the answers

How did the economy of the western empire change in the century after the barbarian invasions?

The population decreased and overland trade decreased significantly. Signup and view all the answers

What was the poorer half of the empire where the city of Ravenna became its capital?

West Signup and view all the answers

What part of the empire was more populous, with most of the Roman military stationed here?

East Signup and view all the answers

Who was Pontius Pilate?

The governor who was responsible for Roman government in Galilee. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Jesus?

A Jewish preacher who challenged the ideology of the hereditary Temple priesthood. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Herod?

The king of Galilee, who tried to maintain good relations with local elites. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Paul?

A Hellenized Jew who spread early Christianity to Gentiles. Signup and view all the answers

Place the succession crises of the second and third centuries and their policy changes in chronological order.

<ol> <li>Marcus Aurelius died, 2. Severus came to power.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fall of Constantinople

Constantinople fell to foreign conquest in 1453, marking the end of the Byzantine Empire.

Views on Greek and Roman Philosophy

Christian scholars did not entirely reject Greek and Roman philosophies, which indicates a level of intellectual engagement with these ideas.

Mosaic Interpretation

Scholars note similarities between the mosaic figure and Sol Invictus, such as chariot-driving and sun rays resembling a halo.

Decline of the Western Roman Empire

The Huns' migration into the Black Sea forced Gothic refugees into the Roman Empire.
The Gothic victory over the Roman army at the Battle of Adrianople exemplified the Empire's military decline.
Alaric, initially a Roman military commander, sacked Rome before moving to Spain.

Establishment of Christianity

Paul of Tarsus was instrumental in spreading Christianity throughout the eastern Mediterranean.
Key persecutions during the reigns of Decius and Diocletian targeted Christians but did not eradicate the faith.
The Edict of Milan (issued by Constantine) granted religious freedom to Roman citizens.
The Council of Nicea established a Christian creed and condemned Arianism as heretical.
Thomas thinkers like Augustine and Benedict shaped Christian theology and monasticism.

Christian Population During Persecutions

Less than 5% of the western Roman population and no more than 10% in the eastern regions identified as Christians by 303.

Discontent with Roman Rule

Relationship dynamics in Galilee reflected differing views on Roman rule: Jewish elites benefited, while poorer inhabitants despised it.
Tensions among Jewish groups revolved around religious interpretations, notably leading to conflicts involving Jesus and the establishment.

Diocletian's Reforms

Diocletian adopted the title of dominus, altering traditional Roman governance, evident in his opulent lifestyle and the relocation of his capital to Nicomedia.

Pharisees and Christianity

Pharisaic beliefs, such as life after death and awaiting a messiah, influenced early Christian thought. Followers of Jesus extended these concepts by declaring him the Messiah.

Economic Changes Post-Barbarian Invasions

The western Roman Empire's economy suffered major declines, with notable decreases in population and overland trade after barbarian invasions.

Geographic and Military Dynamics

Ravenna became the capital of the poorer western half of the Roman Empire, while the more populous eastern part housed most of the military forces.

Key Historical Figures

Pontius Pilate served as governor of Galilee under Roman rule.
Jesus was a Jewish preacher challenging the Temple priesthood's ideology.
King Herod of Galilee aimed to maintain peaceful relations with local elites.
Paul, a Hellenized Jew, played a crucial role in spreading early Christianity among Gentiles.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 6 of Western Civilization. This quiz includes important events like the fall of Constantinople in 1453 and the relationship between Christian scholars and ancient philosophies. Perfect for students looking to review essential historical facts.