Welfare and Integration Study Quiz

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary contrast in selectivity and inequality related to welfare and lifestyle?

The contrast is between individuals receiving welfare and those who are not. (correct)

The contrast is between individuals of different education levels.

The contrast is between urban and rural lifestyles.

The contrast is between those who are employed and those who are unemployed.

Which labor market regime offers the least control and opportunities for job seekers?

Social democratic regime

Liberal regime

Conservative corporatist regime (correct)

Mixed regime

What is an example of a country variable used in the operationalization of the study?

Personal education attainment

Regime dimensions (correct)

Individual income levels

Age distribution

What captures the concept of welfare chauvinism in the study?

Rights to social benefits for immigrants and residents Signup and view all the answers

Which timing for immigrant social benefit eligibility reflects the least welfare chauvinism?

Immediately on arrival Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor distinguishing 'winners' and 'losers' in the socio-economic cleavage related to globalization?

Employment in competitive sectors versus traditionally protected sectors Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the integration-demarcation cleavage, what does 'integration' primarily advocate for?

Promoting an open society that further integrates into global culture and economy Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'welfare chauvinism' refer to?

Support for using welfare systems to benefit only certain groups Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the socio-economic dimension within the integration-demarcation cleavage?

Pro state vs pro market position reflecting on welfare redistribution Signup and view all the answers

What cultural distinction is highlighted within the integration-demarcation cleavage?

Universalism vs particularism Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'politicization' refer to?

Bringing previously unpolitical issues into the political realm. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines 'cleavage' in the context of Lipset & Rokkan's theory?

A deep and lasting division between groups based on conflict. Signup and view all the answers

What role do organizational elements play in the cleavage theory?

They express collective identities through movements and political actions. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of welfare chauvinism?

Exclusion of certain groups from welfare benefits based on perceived worthiness. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a core element of cleavage theory?

Economic theories on resource distribution. Signup and view all the answers

What has been suggested as a new area of study related to globalization cleavages?

A new form of 'globalization cleavage'. Signup and view all the answers

Which critical juncture is associated with the globalization cleavage theory?

The global revolution underscoring conflicts in globalization. Signup and view all the answers

What does ‘welfare chauvinism’ imply about social welfare benefits?

They should be restricted to citizens who are deemed eligible based on certain criteria. Signup and view all the answers

What concept refers to the idea that welfare should be limited to members of a specific ethnically defined community?

Welfare nationalism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following dimensions is not part of the welfare regimes framework?

Cultural dimension Signup and view all the answers

According to the deservingness criteria, which group is generally perceived as most deserving of welfare?

Elderly Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the exclusion of non-natives from welfare provisions?

Welfare chauvinism Signup and view all the answers

In the context of welfare deservingness, which criterion relates to individuals' personal attributes and perceptions?

Attitude Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes a shift in the winning formula of populist right parties in the 1990s?

From generous welfare and monocultural to right economic and cultural concerns Signup and view all the answers

How do welfare regimes influence perceptions of welfare deservingness?

They shape political preferences and attitudes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of 'welfare chauvinism' in social policies?

Restriction based on ethnicity Signup and view all the answers

What trend is observed regarding education level and welfare chauvinism?

Higher education correlates with less chauvinism Signup and view all the answers

Which welfare regime demonstrates the least amount of welfare chauvinism?

Social democratic regime Signup and view all the answers

What impact does country-level ethnic heterogeneity have on welfare chauvinism?

There is no effect of heterogeneity Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the relationship between inequality and welfare chauvinism?

Higher inequality results in increased chauvinism Signup and view all the answers

What does the politicization of globalization affect according to the content?

It can either increase or decrease dynamics in societies Signup and view all the answers

According to the conclusions drawn, which aspect of the welfare state is illustrated by welfare chauvinism?

Polarization within socio-economic and socio-cultural issues Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome regarding the labour market trajectory in relation to welfare chauvinism?

Non-significant effect on chauvinism Signup and view all the answers

What describes the relationship between globalization and political competition?

Globalization has reshaped political competition into a more unstable environment Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Politicization of Globalization

Politicization is the act of making previously unpolitical issues political
Politicization is the accumulation of salience through contestation
Politicization equals salience multiplied by actor expansion plus polarization
Globalization has become politicized at citizen, state, and international student levels

Welfare chauvinism is the idea that welfare should be restricted to one's own community
The welfare state is a system of social protection belonging to an ethnically defined community
Welfare nationalism/restrictiveness is exclusive, and solidarity for welfare is selective
Non-natives are excluded from or have limited access to welfare provisions
Welfare chauvinism is linked to populist right-wing (PRRP) political parties
Initial 1990s PRRP strategies were characterized by right-wing positions on both socio-economic and socio-cultural axes
There has been a recent switch of PRRP strategy to a favorable stance on economic issues while maintaining opposing views on socio-cultural issues (e.g., mass immigration)
Studies have explored preferences regarding social rights for immigrants, using surveys to categorize attitudes toward immigrants and their access to welfare provisions
Studies on welfare deservingness explore who should receive benefits, encompassing perspectives on need, control, identity, reciprocity, and attitude

Cleavages – Lipset & Rokkan (1967)

Cleavages represent deep and enduring divisions between groups based on various conflicts
Socio-economic left-right cleavage is a key element
Structural element involves conflicts between large social groups with conflicting interests (e.g., class, religion, education, region)
Cultural element of collective identities and ideological values influences conflicts
Organizational element is how conflicts are expressed through collective actions, such as movements and political parties (e.g., labor unions, political parties
Lipset & Rokkan's framework identifies national revolution, industrial revolution, and globalization as critical junctures that shaped political cleavages
National revolution ("nationalization") entails centre-periphery and religious cleavages
Industrial revolution ("industrialization") includes urban-rural, labor-capital cleavages

Cleavages – Two-Dimensional Political Space

Political space is often visualized as two axis: socio-economic and socio-cultural
This framework helps to understand various political opinions and electorates of parties

Globalization as a "Critical Juncture" Cleavage

Economic and cultural globalization have led to a new ‘integration-demarcation’ cleavage
Socioeconomic conflicts exist between globalization's winners (employees in competitive sectors) and losers (employees in traditionally protected sectors)
New divisions emerge regarding if society should pursue integration into global cultures and economies or prioritize its own identity, welfare, or traditional values
The integration-demarcation cleavage is ingrained in two-dimensional political space, with its socio-economic dimension representing pro-state versus pro-market positions and its cultural dimension representing universalism vs. particularism

Welfare Deservingness

Distributional justice criteria (who deserves what and why?) include need, control, identity, reciprocity, and attitude
Studies show notable differences in welfare entitlement perceptions between countries, encompassing various demographic factors

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your understanding of the complexities of welfare, lifestyle, and socio-economic cleavages in globalization. This quiz covers key concepts like welfare chauvinism, labor market regimes, and the integration-demarcation cleavage. Explore how these elements shape opportunities and challenges for job seekers and immigrants.