Week 8 – Natural Biomaterials: Gelatin and Collagen Relationship

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What is a common issue associated with hydrogels mentioned in the text?

Lack of promoting angiogenesis

High stability in physiological conditions

Enhancing neurite extension

Mechanical instability (correct)

How are fibrin hydrogels formed according to the text?

Physical evaporation

Chemical precipitation

Enzymatic polymerization (correct)

Thermal condensation

What is the role of Metalloproteinases (MMPs) mentioned in the text?

Stimulating nerve regeneration

Breaking down proteins (correct)

Promoting blood supply

Enhancing cell growth

Which substances are used to control the rate of degradation in tissue engineering according to the text?

Plasmin and aprotinin Signup and view all the answers

Why are Aprotinin and Tranexamic acid used in tissue engineering as mentioned in the text?

To control the rate of degradation by inhibiting plasmin Signup and view all the answers

What is a key property of fibrin hydrogels that makes them desirable for tissue engineering according to the text?

Capability to promote angiogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What determines the biophysical properties of gelatin gels?

Crosslinking Signup and view all the answers

At what temperature does a reverse coil to triple helix transition occur in gelatin gels?

30°C Signup and view all the answers

Why are chemical gels with glutaraldehyde preferred over natural methods?

They are inexpensive and easily accessible Signup and view all the answers

How does pH affect gelatin gel strength in solution?

Decreases gel strength Signup and view all the answers

Why do physical gelatin gels require crosslinkers for stability?

To prevent the gel from falling apart easily Signup and view all the answers

What factor shows the most response in terms of gelation in gelatin gels?

$pH 5.0$ Signup and view all the answers

What is gelatin?

A form of irreversibly hydrolyzed collagen Signup and view all the answers

Which process is used to produce gelatin?

Hydrolysis using heat and enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What gives gelatin its thermoresponsive properties?

Random super coil formation upon hydrolysis Signup and view all the answers

Why is gelatin considered biocompatible?

It does not induce toxicity and is less antigenic Signup and view all the answers

What makes gelatin highly soluble compared to other ECM proteins?

Abundance of a specific amino acid sequence Signup and view all the answers

Why is intact protein not necessary for gelatin in tissue engineering applications?

Only certain sections of the protein sequence are vital for cell attachment Signup and view all the answers

What is the cleavage site on the α chain?

Gly-Pro-Arg Signup and view all the answers

Why is the removal of the 'A' peptide cleavage strictly required for fibrin polymerization?

To improve the efficiency of polymerization Signup and view all the answers

What interaction links the center of a fibrin assembly with the ends of two other fibrin assemblies?

Knob-hole binding Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of thrombin in fibrin polymerization?

To remove fibrinopeptides Signup and view all the answers

What do knob-hole interactions lead to in fibrin polymerization?

Formation of oligomers Signup and view all the answers

What covers the knobs that are complementary to holes in fibrin polymerization?

/brinopeptides Signup and view all the answers

What are the major disadvantages of using a fibrin-based scaffold for tissue engineering purposes?

Rapid degradation before proper tissue formation, squishing during sheet formation, and shrinkage of the gel Signup and view all the answers

Which method can help reduce the rapid degradation of fibrin-based scaffolds?

Using inhibitors to prevent degradation Signup and view all the answers

Why might a fibrin-based scaffold encounter problems with shrinkage during tissue engineering?

Excessive initial concentration of fibrinogen and calcium Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy can help address the possibility of squishing during sheet formation when using a fibrin-based scaffold?

Utilizing methods to ensure proper entrapment Signup and view all the answers

What changes can be made to a fibrin-based scaffold to enhance its mechanical stiffness?

Adjusting the initial concentration of fibrinogen and calcium Signup and view all the answers