Week 6: Evidence-Based Practice in Healthcare

Using the best available research and evidence to make clinical decisions and deliver patient care.

The logical and justifiable reasons for the chosen treatment or care plan.

The most recent research isn't always the best research to use when making decisions, as the reliability and applicability of the evidence matter more.

Using the research deemed most relevant, well-conducted, and applicable for better clinical decision-making.

Evaluating research carefully to determine its validity, reliability, and applicability to a particular clinical situation.

Considering the patient's preferences, beliefs, and values when choosing treatments and care plans.

Using your knowledge, skills, and experience to create the best approach in practice.

Senior staff not wanting to adopt new treatments or methods due to preference for traditional approaches.

When different studies show opposite results, making it harder to choose the best course of action.

Too much new research and data making it difficult to keep up and use current best practices.

A systematic method for finding, evaluating, and combining existing research on a topic.

To understand existing knowledge on a topic; to build a research framework or identify research gaps.

A traditional review that may not use strict methods to find or select research.

A review that explores the scope and nature of research on a topic, using clear criteria.

A review that uses specific and explicit methods to find, choose, and analyze research to answer a specific question.

A review research approach that combines results from multiple studies to find patterns.

A clearly defined question that a literature review aims to answer.

Specific conditions a study must meet to be included in a review.

Specific conditions that exclude a study from inclusion in a review.

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) provides 3D images with less overlapping tissue, potentially improving cancer detection and diagnosis accuracy compared to standard Digital Mammography (DM).

A graph that shows the distribution of data points.

A graph that displays relationships between two variables.

DBT faces longer interpretation times, potentially higher radiation doses (depending on breast thickness and acquisition methods), unestablished optimal clinical protocols, increased IT infrastructure needs, and limited conclusive evidence on health benefits despite higher cancer detection rates.

A graph that displays the spread and central tendency of a data set.

Scientific peer review aims to improve research quality, ensure novelty, scientific soundness, and suitability for the specific journal.

Typically involves two (or sometimes more) referees providing reports for the editor's evaluation, where typically the referee knows the author.

Proportion of people with a disease who test positive.

Proportion of people without a disease who test negative.

A type of human research designed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions (treatments, procedures, etc).

Research involving animals must minimize harm, promote animal welfare, and utilize alternative methods whenever possible.

A systematic way to make decisions in healthcare, combining quantitative methods and communication.

Replacement (seeking alternative methods), Reduction (minimizing animal use), and Refinement (improving animal welfare) are crucial for ethical animal research.

Research design that uses numerical data and statistical analysis to gain knowledge.

Research design that explores concepts, ideas, and meanings using descriptive methods.

Blurring and ghosting in CT scans due to head movement during the scan.

The core issue a research project aims to answer.

A testable prediction about the relationship between variables.

Strategies used in NSW (New South Wales) to shorten hospital stays for obese diabetic patients experiencing complications from neuropathy.

How the phrasing and focus of a research question affect the information found through searching sources.

A research question focused on a specific, limited aspect of a topic, providing a clear search scope.

Varied sources used to gather data for literature reviews, including online bibliographic databases (e.g., Google Scholar, PubMed), specialized databases (e.g., Medline, Web of Science), and manual searches of reference lists.

Selecting appropriate terms, using subject headings and keywords, for database searches to retrieve relevant data.

Dividing the research question into smaller, constituent concepts for the selection of appropriate search terms.

Choosing the most suitable database for retrieving information based on the subject matter.

Combining search terms through using 'AND' to narrow down search results or 'OR' to widen them, focusing on relevant connections.

Broad filtering criteria for initial identification of potentially useful studies.

Detailed criteria for evaluating study quality and relevance for detailed evaluation.

The degree to which a study can establish a causal relationship between variables.

The ability to generalize study results to other populations or circumstances.

The extent to which a study accurately measures what it's supposed to measure.

The consistency and stability of data.

A statement that proposes a relationship but hasn't been proven.

Research driven by curiosity to advance fundamental knowledge, not necessarily aimed at solving immediate problems.

Research aimed at solving practical problems or improving real-world situations.

Research that explores experiences, perceptions, and meanings through interviews, observations, and focus groups.

Research that collects and analyzes numerical data to measure relationships between variables.

Methods that summarize and describe data.

Methods that use sample data to make inferences about a larger population.

A research question that can be answered by collecting observable or empirical data in a reliable and testable manner.

The accuracy and soundness of a conclusion or measurement.

A research approach that studies the impact of an independent variable without full control or randomization.

The study of the distribution and causes of disease in populations.