Week 13: VLAN and Trunk Configuration
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Questions and Answers

What is a significant advantage of using VLANs in a network?

  • They allow network organization to be logical rather than physical. (correct)
  • They increase hardware costs significantly.
  • They require all users to work from fixed locations.
  • They limit file sharing between users completely.

How does dynamic VLAN membership operate?

  • Membership is determined by the MAC address of the device. (correct)
  • Membership is acquired through user authentication only.
  • Membership is based on static IP addresses.
  • Membership is assigned based on port numbers.

What happens to broadcast traffic in a VLAN?

  • All broadcasts are sent to all network ports regardless of VLAN.
  • Broadcast traffic is only sent to the VLAN administrator.
  • Broadcasts are confined to ports assigned to the same VLAN. (correct)
  • Broadcasts are ignored by all devices on the network.

What is a key role of network administrators in relation to VLANs?

<p>They assign ports to VLANs both manually and statically. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of port-based VLAN membership?

<p>All users of the same port must belong to the same VLAN. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of VLAN membership is determined by the MAC addresses of devices?

<p>MAC address based VLANs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of VLAN connection is restricted to a single VLAN?

<p>Access link (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a trunk link in VLAN configuration?

<p>To allow communication between multiple VLANs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the Ethernet frame in a trunking configuration?

<p>It is modified to carry VLAN information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a scenario using an access link?

<p>Connecting a hub with devices all in the same VLAN (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a type of VLAN membership?

<p>Header-based VLANs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During configuration, when does VLAN trunking become necessary?

<p>When establishing a communication channel for multiple VLANs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a trunk link typically connect?

<p>Two switches or a switch to a router (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of creating VLANs in a network?

<p>To reduce congestion on a large LAN (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does VLAN configuration benefit users with mobile devices?

<p>It allows users to move between different locations without changing their network environment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant disadvantage of using routers to segment a LAN?

<p>Routers forward data in software, which creates a bottleneck. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by a 'trunk' in the context of VLANs?

<p>An interface that allows multiple VLANs to share the same physical link (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a key advantage of using VLANs in networking?

<p>They allow the formation of virtual workgroups easily. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'isolation' refer to in VLAN systems?

<p>VLANs completely segregate traffic from each other. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were VLANs developed as a solution for growing network needs?

<p>To provide a quick and effective workaround for router limitations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor primarily contributed to the need for VLANs in networking?

<p>The desire for users to work together on projects without physical constraints. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to assign FastEthernet0/1 to VLAN 2?

<p>Switch1(config-if)# switchport access vlan 2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the command 'switchport mode access'?

<p>To set the port in access mode for a single VLAN (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following commands is used to create a trunk port on FastEthernet0/24?

<p>Switch1(config-if)# switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which VLAN are FastEthernet0/10 and FastEthernet0/11 configured?

<p>VLAN 4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What command is necessary to end configuration mode after a series of changes on a port?

<p>Switch1(config-if)# end (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a trunk in networking?

<p>To connect multiple VLANs across network devices. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protocol is mostly supported by Cisco switches for trunking?

<p>IEEE 802.1Q (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to configure a trunk port between two switches?

<p>To allow hosts in the same VLAN located on different switches to communicate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which VLAN is associated with the Accounting Department in the provided example?

<p>VLAN 2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the required configuration for Fe0/24 on both SWITCH 1 and SWITCH 2?

<p>Configure it as a trunk port. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the subnet 192.168.3.0/24 represent in the provided configuration?

<p>VLAN 3 for Management Department. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two switches are configured to communicate over VLAN 4?

<p>SW1 and SW2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about VLAN trunking is accurate?

<p>VLAN trunking can extend VLANs across multiple switches. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to assign an interface to VLAN 3?

<p>switchport access vlan 3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of configuring ports in different VLANs?

<p>It creates separate broadcast domains. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the command 'show vlan'?

<p>To verify physical interface assignments to VLANs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate command to set an interface as a trunk port?

<p>switchport mode trunk (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which VLAN is assigned to FastEthernet0/1 and FastEthernet0/2?

<p>VLAN 3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What command would you run to set FastEthernet0/10 in VLAN 4?

<p>switchport access vlan 4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding communication after VLAN separation?

<p>Hosts in different VLANs cannot communicate without routing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which command is used to name VLAN 3 during its configuration?

<p>name Management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

VLAN

A group of workstations on a LAN that communicate as if they were on a single, isolated LAN.

Purpose of VLANs

Reduce congestion on large LANs by segmenting the network.

VLANs versus Routers

VLANs use switches, which are faster at forwarding data than routers.

Network Segmentation

Dividing a network into smaller, more manageable groups (VLANs).

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Bottleneck

A point in a network where data transfer slows down.

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Workgroup formation

VLANs easily group users for projects by adjusting switch configurations.

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Switch

Network hardware that connects devices and forwards traffic.

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Data Rate

The speed at which data is transmitted over a network.

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VLAN Operation

VLANs allow network administrators to group devices based on logical criteria, such as department or function, instead of physical location.

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Port-based VLAN

A VLAN where each switch port is assigned to a specific VLAN, regardless of the devices connected.

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Dynamic VLAN

A VLAN membership that changes based on the device's MAC address.

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Benefits of VLANs

VLANs enable logical network organization, improving resource sharing, flexibility, security, and ease of management.

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VLAN Membership Types

There are three ways to assign VLAN membership: by port, by MAC address, and by protocol.

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MAC Address Based VLANs

VLANs where the MAC address of a device determines its VLAN membership. This allows for flexible device placement based on their identity instead of physical location.

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Protocol Based VLANs

VLANs where the type of network traffic a device uses determines its VLAN membership. This is useful for isolating specific types of traffic and improving network performance.

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Access Link

A switch port connection that allows a device with a standard Ethernet NIC to connect to a VLAN, creating a single broadcast domain for all devices on the port.

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Trunk Link

A switch port connection that allows multiple VLANs to communicate with each other. It's vital for expanding VLANs across networks. The connection understands multiple VLANs, typically used to connect switches or routers.

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VLAN Trunk

A technology that allows traffic for different VLANs to travel across a network.

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What does VLAN Trunking enable?

VLAN trunking allows for the movement of data traffic to different parts of the network specifically configured as VLANs.

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Trunk Port

A link between two network devices that carries more than one VLAN, enabling communication across multiple VLANs.

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IEEE 802.1Q

A standard protocol used by Cisco switches to coordinate VLAN trunking on FastEthernet and GigabitEthernet interfaces.

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VLAN Configuration

The process of creating and assigning VLANs to specific ports on switches, defining network segmentation.

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Accounting Department VLAN

A VLAN dedicated to the accounting department, often assigned a specific IP subnet (e.g., 192.168.2.0/24).

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Management Department VLAN

A VLAN for network management tasks, typically separated for security reasons.

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Engineering Department VLAN

A VLAN focused on engineering activities, typically segmented for different projects or teams.

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Why Trunk Ports between Switches?

Trunk ports are essential for communication between devices on different VLANs across multiple switches.

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Assign a port to a VLAN

To configure a switch port to be part of a specific VLAN, allowing devices connected to that port to communicate with others in the same VLAN.

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Access Port Mode

A switch port configuration where the port can only carry traffic from one VLAN.

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Switchport Access VLAN

The command used to specify which VLAN a switch port should belong to when in Access Mode.

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Create a Trunk Port

To configure a switch port to carry traffic from multiple VLANs simultaneously.

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Switchport Trunk Encapsulation Dot1q

The command used to configure a trunk port to use the industry-standard 802.1Q protocol for VLAN tagging, allowing multiple VLANs to share a single port.

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Assign Port to VLAN

Configure a switch port to belong to a specific VLAN, isolating traffic to that VLAN.

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Access Mode

Configure a switch port to only allow communication within the assigned VLAN, blocking traffic from other VLANs.

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Encapsulation Type

Specify the method used to tag VLAN traffic on a trunk port, enabling the switch to understand and route traffic from different VLANs.

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Verification of VLAN Assignment

Use commands like 'show vlan' to check if a port is assigned to the correct VLAN.

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VLAN Communication

Hosts within the same VLAN can communicate directly, while communication across VLANs requires routing.

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Broadcast Domain

A network segment where broadcast messages are forwarded, typically limited to a single VLAN.

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Study Notes

Week 13: Virtual LAN (VLAN) and Trunk

  • Virtual LAN (VLAN): A set of workstations within a Local Area Network (LAN) that can communicate as if they were on a single, isolated LAN. VLANs reduce congestion on large LANs.

Learning Outcomes

  • Familiarize yourself with the Cisco 2960 series switch.
  • Create and configure VLANs.
  • Understand commands for creating and configuring VLANs.
  • Understand VLAN operations.
  • Know different types of VLANs.
  • Understand why Trunk is needed in VLANs.
  • Assign ports to VLAN Trunks.

What is a VLAN?

  • In simple terms, a VLAN isolates groups of devices on a LAN, as if they were on separate, smaller LANs.
  • The reason for using VLANs is to reduce network congestion on a large LAN.

Using VLANs to Segment LANs

  • As networks grew larger and data rates increased, routers became bottlenecks. Routers are slower than switches at forwarding data.
  • Routers are software-based and typically work at a slower rate than switch-based hardware.
  • Physically separating the network into different locations became limiting.
  • VLANs provide a way to logically segment a network, irrespective of physical location.
  • VLANs allow users to be in the same environment, regardless of their physical location.

Advantages of Using VLANs

  • Performance: Eliminates slow routers as the main bottleneck in large LANs.
  • Virtual Workgroups: Facilitates grouping people that frequently work together on a project.
  • Flexibility: Move workstations without changing networking infrastructure.
  • Partitioning Resources: Isolate sensitive resources from network access.

VLAN Operation

  • Configuring VLANs Statically: Network administrators configure ports one-by-one, defining each port's associated VLAN.
  • Configuring VLANs Dynamically: Software databases of MAC addresses are used to determine ports for VLANs (network administrator must set up database first).

VLAN Operation (additional notes)

  • Each port of a switch can be assigned to a different VLAN.
  • Ports on the same VLAN share broadcast data.
  • Ports on different VLANs do not share broadcast data.

VLAN Types

  • Port-based: A port is assigned to a VLAN based on its physical connection.
  • MAC address-based: VLAN assignment is based on the device's MAC address.
  • Protocol-based: VLAN assignment is based on the protocol type used by the device.

VLAN Types: Membership by Port

  • User assignment via port association allows for fast operation by switch IC's.
  • No lookup needed for the association.
  • Easy administrative control.
  • Packet leak into different domains is prevented.

VLAN Types: Membership by MAC Addresses

  • User assignment based on MAC addresses.
  • Offers flexible assignment with overhead.
  • Impacts overall performance, scalability, and administrative tasks.

VLAN Connections

  • Access Link: Connects devices via a standard Ethernet NIC. The port only supports a single VLAN.
  • Trunk Link: Used to connect switches and capable of handling multiple VLANs. Transmits VLAN information between switches.

What is a VLAN Trunk?

  • VLAN trunking enables traffic to be directed to different parts of the network logically assigned as VLANs.
  • A Trunk is a point-to-point link supporting more than one VLAN
  • Trunking allows VLANs to span across a network.

VLAN Configuration

  • Configuring VLANs logically separates parts of a network.
  • VLAN ports are configured as needed (e.g. by physical connections or based on a device's MAC address.)

Verification of Configuration

  • Commands like "SWITCH#show vlan" can display the status and ports assigned to each VLAN, verifying proper configuration.

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Related Documents

Week 13 Virtual LAN (VLAN) and Trunk PDF

Description

This quiz covers Virtual LAN (VLAN) concepts and their configuration using Cisco 2960 series switches. You'll explore different VLAN types, commands for setup, and the importance of VLAN Trunks in reducing network congestion. Test your knowledge on how to effectively create and manage VLANs in a network environment.

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