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Web technology is the ______ that enables devices to communicate over a network.
Web technology is the ______ that enables devices to communicate over a network.
mechanism
The term 'Web' in 'web technology' refers to the ______ (WWW).
The term 'Web' in 'web technology' refers to the ______ (WWW).
world
Key components of web technology include web browsers, web app development ______, databases, and protocols.
Key components of web technology include web browsers, web app development ______, databases, and protocols.
fundamentals
Scripting languages are similar to programming languages and are used to create ______ web documents.
Scripting languages are similar to programming languages and are used to create ______ web documents.
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Scripting languages are primarily used to ______ processes at the application level.
Scripting languages are primarily used to ______ processes at the application level.
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Client-side scripting executes ______ without connecting to the server.
Client-side scripting executes ______ without connecting to the server.
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Client-side scripting is primarily used for dynamic user interface elements, such as ______ menus and data validation.
Client-side scripting is primarily used for dynamic user interface elements, such as ______ menus and data validation.
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JavaScript, HTML, CSS, and jQuery are commonly used ______-side scripting languages.
JavaScript, HTML, CSS, and jQuery are commonly used ______-side scripting languages.
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The ______-side script helps create interactive web pages.
The ______-side script helps create interactive web pages.
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The ______-side script is insecure because it is executed on the user's computer.
The ______-side script is insecure because it is executed on the user's computer.
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The ______-side script needs a web server to be processed.
The ______-side script needs a web server to be processed.
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The ______-side script has a slower response time, as it requires processing on the server.
The ______-side script has a slower response time, as it requires processing on the server.
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The ______ is used for connecting computers on a local network.
The ______ is used for connecting computers on a local network.
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The ______ is used for connecting computers across a wider geographical area.
The ______ is used for connecting computers across a wider geographical area.
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The ______ is a light weight object oriented programming language that adds interactivity to web pages.
The ______ is a light weight object oriented programming language that adds interactivity to web pages.
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The ______ is an architectural framework for accessing interlinked hypertext documents.
The ______ is an architectural framework for accessing interlinked hypertext documents.
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A ______ is an identifier whose value may change during the execution of the program.
A ______ is an identifier whose value may change during the execution of the program.
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The ______ that is already defined by the JavaScript library and cannot be used as an identifier is called Keywords or reserved identifiers.
The ______ that is already defined by the JavaScript library and cannot be used as an identifier is called Keywords or reserved identifiers.
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JavaScript provides different ______ to hold different types of values.
JavaScript provides different ______ to hold different types of values.
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The name of a JavaScript variable must start with a letter, an ______ or a dollar ($) sign
The name of a JavaScript variable must start with a letter, an ______ or a dollar ($) sign
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______ datatype can hold only one value at a time.
______ datatype can hold only one value at a time.
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Variables are declared using the keyword ______
Variables are declared using the keyword ______
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Storing a value in a variable is called variable ______.
Storing a value in a variable is called variable ______.
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The ______ variable can be accessed from anywhere within the program.
The ______ variable can be accessed from anywhere within the program.
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The operator '++' is used for ______.
The operator '++' is used for ______.
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In JavaScript, the 'if-else' statement allows execution of code based on whether an expression is ______.
In JavaScript, the 'if-else' statement allows execution of code based on whether an expression is ______.
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To check if 'a' is greater than 'b', you use the ______ operator.
To check if 'a' is greater than 'b', you use the ______ operator.
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If 'marks' are greater than 40, the output will be 'Eligible for ______'.
If 'marks' are greater than 40, the output will be 'Eligible for ______'.
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The syntax for the 'if' statement starts with 'if(' followed by the ______.
The syntax for the 'if' statement starts with 'if(' followed by the ______.
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Client-side scripting is dependent on the ______.
Client-side scripting is dependent on the ______.
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Client-side scripting allows for a more ______ response to user actions.
Client-side scripting allows for a more ______ response to user actions.
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Server-side scripting is also known as ______.
Server-side scripting is also known as ______.
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Popular server-side scripting languages include PHP, Python, and ______.
Popular server-side scripting languages include PHP, Python, and ______.
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Client-side scripts are ______ to the user, while server-side scripts are hidden.
Client-side scripts are ______ to the user, while server-side scripts are hidden.
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Server-side scripting helps to connect the front end with the ______.
Server-side scripting helps to connect the front end with the ______.
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Errors in client-side scripts can cause the whole website to ______.
Errors in client-side scripts can cause the whole website to ______.
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More quality assurance testing is required for client-side scripts due to ______ support across browsers.
More quality assurance testing is required for client-side scripts due to ______ support across browsers.
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JavaScript depends heavily on the ______ and has an inability to use local devices.
JavaScript depends heavily on the ______ and has an inability to use local devices.
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JavaScript is not ______ engine friendly.
JavaScript is not ______ engine friendly.
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JavaScript cannot access webpages hosted on a different ______.
JavaScript cannot access webpages hosted on a different ______.
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There are typically 3 ways of adding JavaScript to a ______.
There are typically 3 ways of adding JavaScript to a ______.
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Inline JavaScript is inserted within the HTML element with event handling ______.
Inline JavaScript is inserted within the HTML element with event handling ______.
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Internal JavaScript must be placed between the <script> and </______> tags.
Internal JavaScript must be placed between the <script> and </______> tags.
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External JavaScript files are stored using the .______ extension.
External JavaScript files are stored using the .______ extension.
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JavaScript is the ______ of the web.
JavaScript is the ______ of the web.
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Study Notes
Web Technology Unit 3
- Web technology is the mechanism for communication between two or more computing devices over a network.
- Web technologies encompass various tools and techniques used for communication between devices on the internet.
- Web technology utilizes the World Wide Web (WWW) for identifying and locating webpages and resources using URLs. The tools and techniques enabling access are referred to as the technology.
Introduction to Web Technologies
- Web technology fundamentals include web browsers and some web application development.
- Programming/scripting languages and frameworks are part of web technology.
- Databases store data collected or required by websites.
- Protocols govern communication on the web.
- Multimedia elements (graphics, audio, video) are integrated into websites.
- Data formats facilitate data transmission over the internet.
Scripting Languages
- Scripting languages are similar to programming languages and are used to create dynamic web documents, enabling web development.
- They automate tasks at the application level, executable on web servers, and returning results to users through browsers or command lines.
- Scripting languages are categorized as client-side and server-side.
Client-Side Scripting Languages
- Client-side scripting executes directly in the user's web browser without involvement of the server.
- The code runs on the client's computer during, or after, webpage loading.
- Common applications include dynamic user interfaces (menus, animations, validation), improving user experience efficiency, and reducing server load.
- JavaScript, HTML, CSS, and jQuery are prominent client-side scripting languages.
- Client-side scripting is browser-dependent, as the browser downloads and processes the code.
Client-Side Scripting: Uses and Advantages
- Interactive webpages
- Dynamic functionality
- Temporary data storage
- User-server interface
- Request submission to server
- Data retrieval from server
- Remote access for client-server program
- Reusing code through open-source
- Providing interactive response to user actions
- Fast operation due to local code execution
- Improvement in user experience for websites with script support
- Developers have increased control
Client-Side Scripting: Disadvantages
- Code visibility for all users.
- Potential for code errors stalling content rendering across the entire website.
- Not all browsers support all scripts equally.
- Inconsistent scripting support across different versions of web browsers requires comprehensive quality assurance of testing.
- Development time and effort may be increased due to more complex testing needs.
Server-Side Scripting Languages
- Server-side scripting (back-end) executes on the server where the application is hosted.
- Responses are generated based on user requests.
- Server-side scripting enables dynamic web applications with enhanced user interaction and application function.
- Server-side languages allow connection to databases, facilitating user data storage and retrieval.
- Server-side languages facilitate data transfer to and from databases as per user needs.
- Common server-side scripting languages include ASP, JavaScript (using SSJS or node.js), Perl, PHP, Ruby, and Python.
Difference between Client-side and Server-side Scripting
| Feature | Client-Side Scripting | Server-Side Scripting |
|---|---|---|
| Execution | In the user's web browser | On the web server. |
| Visibility | Visible to the user | Not visible to the user |
| Security | Not secure | Secure because code is on server |
| Interaction | Does not directly interact with the server or database. | Interacts with the server, and database |
| Execution Location | Client's local computer | Server's computer/system |
| Response Time | Generally faster response time because code runs locally | Can take longer in some cases due to the server interaction |
Internet Technology
- Internet technology encompasses devices, software, and hardware with protocols for computer network communication for data exchange among computers, across local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs).
- Network technology, including bridging, switching, routing, voice and data integration, wireless integration, dial-up technology, cable access technology, and network security, are integrated functionalities, as well as network management capabilities.
- Internet is the world's largest computer network, based on the TCP/IP protocol and comprised of interconnected private, public, academic, business, and government networks.
- Client-server technology is foundational to internet services, with the World Wide Web (WWW) being a major service allowing access to connected hypertext documents.
JavaScript(JS)
- JavaScript is a lightweight, interpreted language for creating dynamic and interactive webpages.
- Primarily used in web browsers, it provides an interactive experience to end-users.
- Modern web applications employing JavaScript functions are essential for internet functionalities.
- JavaScript can run on the server and on various devices with JavaScript engines to process and execute the code.
- Its uses range from website interactivity to mobile apps and browser-based games.
Uses of JavaScript
- Interactivity on websites
- Mobile application development
- Browser-based game creation
- Versatile back-end web development capabilities
- Client-side validation before server submission
Event Handling
- JavaScript's event handling is a process of capturing actions and occurrences on HTML elements or webpages (e.g. click, typing, moving mouse).
- Events trigger JavaScript responses.
- Key concepts include: - Events: actions or occurrences detected by the browser (e.g., mouse click, form submission). - Event handlers: functions that run when specific events occur (the code that responds). - Event listeners: functions that monitor for specific events and execute their associated handlers.
- Different event types (onClick, onMouseOver, onKeyDown) trigger specific JavaScript responses.
JavaScript Data Types
- Primitive types: - String: sequence of characters (e.g., "Hello"). - Number: numeric values (integers, decimals). - Boolean: true/false values. - Undefined: when a variable is declared but has no value. - Null: represents the intentional absence of a value.
- Non-primitive types:
- Objects: structured collections of properties and methods (details about an object)
- Arrays: lists of values.
- Regular Expressions: patterns to match text
JavaScript Variables
- Variables are identifiers (names) that store values which can change during a program's execution.
- Variable declaration uses the keyword var. - Local variables: declared inside a function and have a limited scope (available only within that function). - Global variables: declared outside any function with a broader scope (accessible throughout the program).
- The naming convention starts with a letter, underscore, or dollar sign followed by letters, digits, underscores, or dollar signs. JavaScript variables are case-sensitive.
JavaScript Operators
- Operators are symbols that denote JavaScript actions.
- Arithmetic operators: perform mathematical calculations (+, -, *, /, %, ++, --).
- Relational operators(comparison operators): compare values (==, !=, >, <, >=, <=).
- Logical operators: provide logical comparisons(AND(&&), OR(||), NOT(!)).
- Assignment operators: assign values (=, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, **=).
JavaScript Functions and Control Structure
- Functions are modular blocks of code for specialized tasks, performing calculations and calculations returning a value.
- Control structures dictate program execution pathways. This pathway depends on conditions, loops, or exceptions. Key conditional statements are:
- If statement
- If-else statement
- If-else-if statement
- Switch statement
JavaScript Loops
- Loops help execute code repeatedly (iterating elements). Key loop types are:
- For loop: repeats code for a set number of times.
- While loop: repeats code as long as a condition is true.
- Do-while loop: repeats code at least once and then continues looping as long as the condition evaluates to true.
JavaScript Objects
- Objects are collections of properties (data) and methods (functions). This structure is useful to organize data in an object-oriented manner.
- Objects are defined using curly braces {}. Key value pairs separated by a colon define properties and variable names with values.
JavaScript and jQuery
- jQuery is a fast and lightweight JavaScript library for HTML document navigation and manipulation.
- jQuery streamlines tasks like selecting elements, handling events, animations, as well as AJAX calls that are complex using JavaScript normally.
- Simplified methods exist within jQuery that are easy-to-use in web development.
Important JavaScript Programs (Examples)
- Simple calculated interest.
- Determining the largest of three values.
- Checking if a number is even or odd.
Date Object
- The date object stores information about dates and times. The date object handles dates, times, days, months, weeks, hours, minutes, seconds, and milliseconds, either globally or for a given date.
Number Object
- The number object helps to manage numerical data.
- Methods like toString(), valueOf(), toExponential(), toFixed(), toPrecision() help handle numbers.
String Object
- The string object helps manage string information.
- Methods like toString() deal with strings.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts of web technology, including the components and scripting languages used for web development. It explores client-side and server-side scripting, highlighting their functionalities and differences. Test your knowledge on how these elements contribute to the creation of dynamic and interactive web applications.
