Web Development Life Cycle and Network Design
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a key concept of NDLC?

  • Network Topology
  • Quality of Service (QoS)
  • Redundancy and Failover
  • Web Development Lifecycle (correct)

    • Which of the following is a benefit of defining the purpose, goals, and scope of a web project in the planning and requirements gathering phase of the WDLC?

  • It helps identify potential risks and challenges associated with the project.
  • It allows developers to prioritize features and functionalities based on their importance to the business.
  • It ensures that the project stays on track and within budget.
  • All of the above (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a common network topology?

  • Cloud (correct)
  • Star
  • Bus
  • Ring

    • What is the purpose of redundancy and failover in NDLC?

    <p>To ensure that the network remains operational even if a primary link or device fails. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an activity typically conducted in the planning and requirements gathering phase of the WDLC?

    <p>Identifying stakeholders and gathering requirements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'Network Scalability' in NDLC?

    <p>The ability to accommodate increased traffic and new devices as the organization grows without major redesigns. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Quality of Service (QoS) contribute to effective NDLC?

    <p>By managing network resources to prioritize critical applications. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following deliverables is NOT typically part of the NDLC Maintenance Phase?

    <p>User interface design mockups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical aspect of the maintenance and updates phase?

    <p>Implementing user feedback and making improvements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an activity in the WDLC maintenance and updates phase?

    <p>Database configuration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ensures that a website adapts to technological changes?

    <p>Long-term sustainability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary goal of search engine optimization (SEO)?

    <p>Increasing the website's visibility on search engines. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ensures that a website remains secure during the maintenance phase?

    <p>Applying patches and updates. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an essential deliverable of the WDLC deployment phase?

    <p>SEO and metadata setup. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using version control in web development?

    <p>To manage and track changes in the code. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to maintaining competitive edge in website maintenance?

    <p>Regularly updating content and features. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary objectives of the design phase?

    <p>To create the visual and functional blueprint of the application (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a deliverable of the design phase?

    <p>Wireframes and prototypes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is planning the responsiveness of the design important?

    <p>It improves device compatibility and user experience (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is associated with the development phase?

    <p>Writing HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of having a UI/UX design documented?

    <p>It ensures consistent communication among stakeholders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT contribute to the importance of converting design into a functional application?

    <p>Increased marketing reach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which key performance indicator (KPI) can be used to assess user engagement?

    <p>User session length (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk of not defining the project scope early on?

    <p>Scope creep can occur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities is NOT part of the NDLC deployment phase?

    <p>Conduct routine backups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary objective of the NDLC maintenance phase?

    <p>To guarantee the network operates efficiently and securely (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document is considered a deliverable of the NDLC testing phase?

    <p>Test plans and reports (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key reason for conducting vulnerability assessments during security tests?

    <p>To identify and address security weaknesses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following could be a reason for regularly monitoring network performance?

    <p>To detect issues like congestion or downtime (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase is user access and configuration particularly emphasized?

    <p>Deployment phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the importance of implementing backup and recovery plans?

    <p>To minimize disruption to business operations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is essential to ensure network adaptability to changing needs?

    <p>Scale the network as needed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of excessive indexing in databases?

    <p>Slower data modification operations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of the NDLC planning phase?

    <p>Create network blueprints (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key objective of the design phase in the NDLC?

    <p>Develop a blueprint based on requirements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which constraint is crucial for maintaining data integrity?

    <p>Primary keys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the deliverables from the planning phase of the NDLC?

    <p>Network requirements document (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is NOT typically performed during the planning phase of the NDLC?

    <p>Draft security audit reports (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is security a critical component in the NDLC planning phase?

    <p>To ensure compliance with regulations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main benefits of following a systematic lifecycle approach to network development?

    <p>Enhancing network reliability and performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)?

    <p>To ensure high-quality software delivery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of the SDLC involves gathering initial requirements and conducting feasibility studies?

    <p>Planning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of the SDLC are defects identified and fixed?

    <p>Testing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activity is NOT typically associated with the Development phase of the SDLC?

    <p>Conduct feasibility studies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of the Maintenance phase in the SDLC?

    <p>Fixing bugs and enhancing existing features (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which key activity is part of the Design phase in the SDLC?

    <p>Create detailed design documents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant outcome of the Requirements Analysis phase?

    <p>Documenting and validating requirements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is performed during the Deployment phase of the SDLC?

    <p>Train end-users (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Indexing

    A technique to improve query performance in databases.

    SDLC

    A structured process for software development including design, testing, and deployment.

    Purpose of SDLC

    Ensures high-quality software, manages resources, and minimizes risks and errors.

    Data Integrity

    Ensuring the accuracy and consistency of data in a database.

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    Security in Databases

    Protecting sensitive data through measures like encryption and control access.

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    Planning Phase

    Identify the goals, feasibility, project scope, and risks of a software project.

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    Requirements Analysis

    Understand stakeholder needs through gathering and documenting functional and non-functional requirements.

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    Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC)

    A structured approach for planning, designing, implementing, and maintaining networks.

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    NDLC Planning Phase

    Defining the network's scope and requirements aligned with business goals.

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    Design Phase

    Transform requirements into detailed architecture and design documents for the software.

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    Development Phase

    Build the software system according to specified designs and conduct initial unit testing.

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    Activities in NDLC Planning

    Identifying business goals, assessing current infrastructure, and determining capacity.

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    Testing Phase

    Identify and fix defects to ensure the software meets all requirements.

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    NDLC Design Phase

    Creating a blueprint based on requirements and constraints identified during planning.

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    Design Phase Importance

    Provides direction for implementation and aligns with business needs.

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    Maintenance Phase

    Support and improve the software post-deployment by fixing bugs and enhancing features.

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    Technology Stack

    The set of technologies used in a project, including front-end, back-end, and database.

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    Project Timeline

    A schedule that outlines major milestones and deadlines for project completion.

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    Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

    Metrics used to evaluate the success of a project, such as user engagement and conversions.

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    Visual and Functional Blueprint

    A structured design that outlines how the application will look and function.

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    Wireframing

    Creating simple layouts to outline content structure and navigation flow before full design.

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    UI/UX Design

    Design focused on user interface and user experience to enhance usability.

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    Front-End Development

    The coding of the visual part of a website that users interact with using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

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    Back-End Development

    Building the server-side functionality to support a website or application, such as databases and server logic.

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    NDLC Maintenance Phase Deliverables

    Key outputs of the NDLC maintenance phase, including reports and updates.

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    Network Topology

    The arrangement of different network devices and their connections; includes bus, ring, star, and mesh topologies.

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    Redundancy and Failover

    Strategies to ensure alternative pathways or systems are available if primary ones fail, enhancing reliability.

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    Quality of Service (QoS)

    Techniques to prioritize specific network traffic to ensure critical application performance.

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    Network Security

    Measures such as firewalls and encryption used to protect networks from unauthorized access and threats.

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    Network Scalability

    The ability of a network to handle growth in traffic and devices without needing a complete redesign.

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    Web Development Life Cycle (WDLC)

    A systematic process for developing and maintaining websites, including various key phases.

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    Planning and Requirements Gathering

    The WDLC phase focused on defining the project’s purpose, goals, and scope clearly.

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    Network Testing

    The process of assessing network security and performance through tests like penetration testing and vulnerability assessments.

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    NDLC Deployment Phase

    The phase where the network is deployed into a production environment with minimal disruption to business operations.

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    Backup and Recovery Plans

    Strategies implemented to ensure data is stored and can be restored in case of failures or disasters.

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    Network Maintenance Phase

    This phase ensures the network operates efficiently and securely over time through ongoing monitoring and updates.

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    Performance Monitoring

    Regular assessment of network performance to identify issues like congestion or degraded performance.

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    User Training

    Educating network users and administrators on proper usage and maintenance of the network.

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    Network Integration Testing

    Testing how well the network works with other systems, such as databases and servers.

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    Security Protocol Review

    Periodic examination of security settings and configurations to prevent potential breaches.

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    Web Hosting Configuration

    Setting up a server to host a website and link it with a domain.

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    SEO Best Practices

    Techniques to improve a website's visibility on search engines.

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    Site Monitoring Post-Launch

    Regularly checking website performance and issues after it goes live.

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    Maintenance and Updates Objective

    To keep a website functional, secure, and current.

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    Content Updates Importance

    Regularly refreshing content to keep the site relevant and engaging.

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    User Feedback Gathering

    Collecting input from users to improve website design and functionality.

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    Performance Optimization

    Adjusting a website to enhance load times and efficiency.

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    Version Control Purpose

    Managing changes in code with tools like Git to ensure collaboration.

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    Study Notes

    Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC)

    • SDLC is a structured process for designing, testing, and deploying software systems effectively.
    • SDLC ensures high-quality software delivery.
    • SDLC helps manage time, resources, and costs.
    • SDLC minimizes risks and errors during development.

    Phases of SDLC

    • Planning: Identify purpose, goals, and feasibility of the software project. Key activities include gathering initial requirements, feasibility studies (technical, operational, and financial), defining project scope and risks, and creating a project plan.
    • Requirements Analysis: Understand stakeholder needs from the software. Elicit requirements through interviews, surveys, and workshops. Document and validate requirements (functional and non-functional).
    • Design: Transform requirements into a detailed architecture and design. Key activities include design system architecture (modules, data flows, user interface), create detailed design documents, and choose tools, technologies, and frameworks.
    • Development: Build the software system according to design specifications. Key activities include writing and reviewing code, implementing system functionalities, and performing initial unit testing.
    • Testing: Identify and fix defects to ensure software quality. Conduct various tests (unit, integration, system, and user acceptance). Ensure software meets requirements and prepare test reports.
    • Deployment: Release the software for use in the product environment. Deploy the software in stages (pilot or full roll-out), train end-users, provide documentation, and monitor initial performance and fix critical issues.
    • Maintenance: Support and improve the software post-deployment. Fix bugs reported by users, enhance features based on feedback, and perform regular updates to ensure compatibility and security.

    Challenges in SDLC

    • Incomplete or changing requirements
    • Time and resource constraints
    • Inefficient communication among stakeholders
    • Technical challenges and integration issues

    Best Practices for SDLC

    • Involve stakeholders in every phase
    • Regularly update documentation
    • Use version control systems for code management
    • Implement automated testing where possible
    • Monitor project progress through performance metrics

    Database Development Life Cycle (DBLC)

    • DBLC is a structured approach to designing, developing, and maintaining database systems.
    • This process ensures the database meets user requirements, is efficient, and is easy to manage.
    • Key phases of DBLC include Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation, Testing, Deployment, and Maintenance.

    DBLC Planning Phase

    • Define the scope and purpose of the database.
    • Establish clear goals and expectations.
    • Avoid Scope Creep.
    • Allocate resources.
    • Align with business needs.
    • Facilitate future enhancements.
    • Ensure data quality and integrity.
    • Reduce risks.

    DBLC Planning Phase - Activities

    • Identify stakeholders (end-users, database administrators, developers).
    • Understand business requirements and goals.
    • Define data requirements for the organization.
    • Create a high-level plan for database development, timeline, and resources.

    DBLC Planning Phase - Deliverables

    • Project Plan
    • Requirements Gathering Documentation

    DBLC Analysis Phase

    • Analyze business requirements and translate them into data requirements.
    • Align with business goals.
    • Identify essential data.
    • Minimize redundancy and inconsistencies.
    • Enhance user experiences.
    • Ensure scalability and future growth.
    • Avoid unnecessary features.
    • Ensure data security and compliance.

    DBLC Analysis Phase - Activities

    • Conduct interviews, surveys, and workshops with stakeholders.
    • Identify entities, relationships, and constraints.
    • Define functional and non-functional requirements.
    • Create a detailed requirements specification document.

    DBLC Analysis Phase - Deliverables

    • Entity-relationship Diagram
    • Data models and requirements specification documents

    DBLC Design Phase

    • Translate analysis into a detailed database structure.
    • Align with business requirements.
    • Optimize efficiency.
    • Ensure scalability and flexibility.
    • Create a clear structure for development.
    • Maintain data integrity.
    • Avoid future issues.
    • Improve communication.

    DBLC Design Phase - Activities

    • Conceptual Design: Define the overall structure of the database (high-level design), e.g. Entity-Relationship Diagram (ERD) or UML class diagrams.
    • Logical Design: Define the logical structure of the database without physical considerations, e.g., transforming ER diagrams into tables, columns, keys, and relationships.
    • Physical Design: Determine how the database will be physically implemented on storage systems, e.g., indexing, partitioning, normalization, and denormalization.

    DBLC Design Phase - Deliverables

    • Entity-Relationship Diagram
    • Normalized Relational Schema
    • Database Design Document

    DBLC Implementation Phase

    • Build the database according to the design specifications.
    • Ensure consistency and integrity.
    • Meet user requirements.
    • Optimize performance.
    • Avoid future issues.
    • Facilitate collaboration.
    • Support scalability and flexibility.
    • Reduce errors and rework.

    DBLC Implementation Phase - Activities

    • Create the database schema.
    • Write and test SQL queries and stored procedures.
    • Implement integrity constraints (e.g., primary keys, foreign keys).
    • Load data into the database from existing systems or external sources.

    DBLC Implementation Phase - Deliverables

    • Fully functional database
    • Data migration scripts (if applicable)

    DBLC Testing Phase

    • Ensure the database performs as expected under real-world conditions.
    • Ensure reliable user experience.
    • Ensure scalability.
    • Ensure efficiency.
    • Manage costs.
    • Ensure data integrity and security.
    • Ensure predictable performance.

    DBLC Testing Phase - Activities

    • Unit Testing: Test individual components (tables, queries).
    • Integration Testing: Ensure different database components work together.
    • Performance Testing: Check if the database meets performance benchmarks (e.g., speed, scalability).
    • Security Testing: Ensure the database is secure from unauthorized access.

    DBLC Testing Phase - Deliverables

    • Test Case and Reports
    • Bug fixes and performance optimization

    DBLC Deployment Phase

    • Deploy the database for use in a production environment.
    • Make the system available for users.
    • Ensure data accessibility and integrity.
    • Configure and secure access.
    • Migrate data from legacy systems.
    • Perform performance and load testing.
    • Provide user training and support.
    • Set up monitoring and maintenance plans.
    • Ensure compliance and security regulations.

    DBLC Deployment Phase - Activities

    • Install the database on production servers.
    • Configure user access and permissions.
    • Migrate data from old systems (if necessary).
    • Train end-users on how to use the database system.

    DBLC Deployment Phase - Deliverables

    • Deployed database system
    • User manuals and training materials

    DBLC Maintenance Phase

    • Ensure the database remains effective, secure, and efficient over time.
    • Ensure data integrity and accuracy.
    • Optimize performance.
    • Ensure security and data protection.
    • Adapt to changing requirements.
    • Ensure cost efficiency.
    • Ensure legal and compliance.

    DBLC Maintenance Phase - Activities

    • Monitor database performance and user feedback.
    • Apply patches, updates, and backups regularly.
    • Handle database optimization and refactoring.
    • Manage user roles and security protocols.

    DBLC Maintenance Phase - Deliverables

    • Maintenance Logs
    • Updated System Documentation

    Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC)

    • Structured approach to planning, designing, implementing, and maintaining network systems.
    • Helps ensure network infrastructure is reliable, scalable, secure, and aligns with business goals.
    • Follows a systematic lifecycle to avoid common network issues and enhance performance.
    • Key phases include Planning, Design, Implementation, Testing, Deployment, and Maintenance.

    NDLC Planning Phase

    • Define network scope and requirements aligning with business needs.
    • Establish clear network goals.
    • Allocate resources and manage budget.
    • Ensure security and data protection.
    • Ensure business continuity.
    • Ensure security and compliance.
    • Optimize performance and reduce risks.

    NDLC Planning Phase - Activities

    • Identify business goals and how the network will support them.
    • Assess current network infrastructure and performance.
    • Determine network capacity, coverage, and security needs.
    • Define budget, timelines, and resources required for the network project.
    • Engage stakeholders for alignment with organizational objectives.

    NDLC Planning Phase - Deliverables

    • Project plan and timeline
    • Network requirements and scope document
    • Budget and resource allocation

    NDLC Design Phase

    • Create a blueprint of the network based on planning phase requirements and constraints.
    • Provide clear direction for implementation.
    • Align with business goals and needs.
    • Optimize resource and costs.
    • Ensure scalability and flexibility.
    • Reduce risks.
    • Enhance security.
    • Improve communication.
    • Comply with standards and regulations.

    NDLC Design Phase - Activities

    • Define network architecture (e.g., IP addressing, routing protocols, logical design).
    • Plan the physical infrastructure, including hardware (e.g., routers, switches, cables), and network topology (e.g., star, mesh, etc.).
    • Define security measures (e.g., firewalls, intrusion detection systems (IDS), access controls).
    • Consider redundancy, load balancing, scalability, and failover mechanisms.
    • Ensure the design complies with industry standards and regulations.

    NDLC Design Phase - Deliverables

    • Network architecture and topology diagram
    • Detailed design document (logical and physical)
    • Security design document

    NDLC Implementation Phase

    • Set up the network according to the design specifications.
    • Ensure consistency with the planning and design phases.
    • Optimize performance.
    • Ensure scalability.
    • Ensure security.
    • Reduce downtime and errors.
    • Optimize costs.
    • Comply with standards and regulations.

    NDLC Implementation Phase - Activities

    • Procure required hardware and software.
    • Set up physical components (routers, switches, firewalls, cabling).
    • Install and configure networking software (operating systems, network management tools, security software).
    • Implement designed network topology and connectivity.
    • Configure IP addresses, subnetting, and routing protocols.
    • Test basic connectivity, performance, and security features.

    NDLC Implementation Phase - Deliverables

    • Fully functional network infrastructure
    • Configuration files and setup documentation
    • Test reports on initial functionality

    NDLC Testing Phase

    • Ensure the network operates as expected under real-world conditions.
    • Validate the network's functionality and performance.
    • Identify potential issues.
    • Verify security.
    • Validate scalability and adaptability of the network.
    • Validate the user experience.

    NDLC Testing Phase - Activities

    • Perform functionality tests (pinging devices, checking routing, verifying IP addressing).
    • Test for performance (throughput, latency, bandwidth).
    • Conduct security tests (penetration testing, vulnerability assessments, firewall configurations).
    • Validate network reliability and redundancy (simulate failures).
    • Test network integration with other systems (databases, servers).

    NDLC Testing Phase - Deliverables

    • Test plans and reports
    • Identified issues and resolutions
    • Performance and security validation documents

    NDLC Deployment Phase

    • Deploy the network into the production environment.
    • Ensure minimal disruption to business operations.
    • Provide user access, configure permissions, ensure proper connectivity.
    • Ensure a smooth transition to the live environment.
    • Implement backup solutions and disaster recovery plans.
    • Provide training for network administrators and users.
    • Monitor the network closely during initial deployment.

    NDLC Deployment Phase - Activities

    • Install the network in the live environment.
    • Provide user access, configure permissions, ensure proper connectivity.
    • Implement backup solutions and disaster recovery plans.
    • Provide training for network admins and users.
    • Monitor the network for issues.

    NDLC Deployment Phase - Deliverables

    • Deployed network in production
    • Network usage and access documentation
    • End-user and administrator training materials

    NDLC Maintenance Phase

    • Ensure the network continues to operate efficiently and securely over time.
    • Maintain consistent performance.
    • Protect security and data appropriately.
    • Ensure reliability and availability.
    • Adapt to changing needs.
    • Optimize costs.
    • Comply with legal and regulatory standards

    NDLC Maintenance Phase - Activities

    • Monitor network performance regularly for issues like congestion, downtime, or degraded performance.
    • Apply software and hardware updates (including security patches and firmware upgrades).
    • Conduct routine backups and ensure disaster recovery plans are up to date.
    • Review security protocols and configurations periodically.
    • Scale the network as needed to support increased demand and future growth.
    • Provide ongoing support to resolve network issues and optimize performance.

    NDLC Maintenance Phase - Deliverables

    • Monitoring reports
    • Patches and update logs
    • Performance improvement reports
    • Scalability planning documents

    Web Development Life Cycle (WDLC)

    • Systematic approach to developing, deploying, and maintaining websites and web applications.
    • Ensures websites are functional, user-friendly, secure, and scalable.

    WDLC Planning and Requirements Gathering Phase

    • Define the purpose, goals, and scope of the web project.
    • Clarify project vision.
    • Guide decision-making.
    • Allocate resources.
    • Identify requirements.
    • Align with stakeholders.
    • Define measurable success criteria.
    • Manage project scope effectively.
    • Manage risks.
    • Develop a user-centered approach.
    • Improve time management.

    WDLC Planning and Requirements Gathering Phase - Activities

    • Identify stakeholders and gather requirements (audience, functionality, design preferences).
    • Define business objectives and how the website will achieve them.
    • Analyze competitors and perform market research.
    • Determine the technology stack (front-end, back-end, database, etc.).
    • Create a project timeline and realistic milestones.
    • Define key performance indicators (KPIs) for success (e.g., user engagement, traffic, conversions).

    WDLC Planning and Requirements Gathering Phase - Deliverables

    • Requirements document
    • Project scope
    • Timeline and resource plan
    • Target audience analysis

    WDLC Design Phase

    • Create a visual and functional blueprint for the website/application.
    • Clarify project vision.
    • Improve user experience (UX).
    • Prevent scope creep.
    • Save time and resources.
    • Ensure consistency.
    • Support cross-device compatibility.
    • Optimize content layout.
    • Identify functional requirements early.
    • Enhance brand identity.

    WDLC Design Phase - Activities

    • Wireframing: Design wireframes or prototypes to outline layout, content structure, and navigation flow.
    • UI/UX Design: Focus on user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) to make the design visually appealing and user-friendly.
    • Choose colors, typography, and graphic elements.
    • Plan responsiveness for different devices (desktop, tablet, mobile).
    • Define content management structure.

    WDLC Design Phase - Deliverables

    • Wireframes and prototypes
    • Visual design mockups
    • UI/UX design documentation
    • Responsive design plans

    WDLC Development Phase

    • Convert the design into a functional website/application.
    • Realize the project's vision.
    • Facilitate user interaction.
    • Implement website functionality accordingly to defined business goals.
    • Enhance user experience.
    • Optimize for performance.
    • Develop a foundation for testing and future modifications.
    • Create a system for gathering user feedback.
    • Enable adaptability and scalability in the future.

    WDLC Development Phase - Activities

    • Front-end development: HTML, CSS, JavaScript code for layout and interactivity.
    • Back-end development: Server-side functionality, database management, user authentication, and server-side logic (using languages like PHP, Node.js, Python, or Ruby).
    • Database integration: Setting up and integrating databases (MySQL, MongoDB) to store and manage data.
    • Optimize for speed, security, and performance.
    • Integrate APIs and third-party services (payment gateways, social media sharing).

    WDLC Development Phase - Deliverables

    • Working front-end and back-end code
    • Database schema and integration
    • Integration with external services/APIs
    • Performance and optimization reports

    WDLC Testing Phase

    • Ensure the website/application functions as expected and is free of bugs and issues.
    • Provide quality assurance.
    • Prevent downtime.
    • Ensure security and compliance.
    • Optimize performance.
    • Facilitate a smooth launch.
    • Establish a good brand reputation.
    • Allow for ongoing development and improvement of the website/application.

    WDLC Testing Phase - Activities

    • Functional testing: Test all features and functionalities (forms, navigation, search, interactive elements).
    • Compatibility testing: Ensure works across different devices and browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari).
    • Performance testing: Evaluate load speed, response time, and scalability under heavy traffic.
    • Security testing: Perform security audits (SQL injection, cross-site scripting) for vulnerabilities.
    • User acceptance testing (UAT): Get feedback from users.
    • Bug fixing: Address bugs and issues found during testing

    WDLC Testing Phase - Deliverables

    • Test plans and test cases
    • Testing reports and issue logs
    • Bug fixes and updates

    WDLC Deployment Phase

    • Launch the website/application for public access.
    • Make website/application available to the public.
    • Improve business exposure.
    • Engage users effectively.
    • Meet business objectives.
    • Collect feedback.
    • Improve search engine visibility.
    • Build positive brand image.
    • Design effective marketing strategies.
    • Allow for continuous monitoring and improvement.

    WDLC Deployment Phase - Activities

    • Set up the web server and deploy the application to a live environment.
    • Configure domains and set up web hosting.
    • Ensure the database is properly configured and linked to the live environment.
    • Perform final checks for security, performance, and usability.
    • Implement proper search engine optimization (SEO) practices.
    • Monitor the site after launch for issues and performance.

    WDLC Deployment Phase - Deliverables

    • Deployed website on a live server
    • Final website configurations and optimizations.
    • Domain and hosting setup
    • SEO and metadata setup

    WDLC Maintenance and Updates Phase

    • Ensure website remains functional, secure, and up-to-date.
    • Maintain functionality.
    • Ensure security.
    • Keep website up-to-date.

    WDLC Maintenance and Updates Phase - Activities

    • Continuous monitoring of website performance and user behavior.
    • Applying software and hardware updates, including security fixes.
    • Regularly updating content, images, and features.
    • Establishing backup and recovery systems.
    • Gathering user feedback.

    WDLC Maintenance and Updates Phase - Deliverables

    • Regular updates and patches
    • Backups and recovery plans
    • User feedback reports
    • Performance monitoring reports

    Key Concepts of WDLC, DBLC, and NDLC

    • Responsive Design: Ensure good user experience across devices (desktop, tablet, mobile).
    • SEO (Search Engine Optimization): Optimize website/application for better search engine rankings and more traffic.
    • Version Control: Utilize tools (like Git) to manage and track code changes, improve collaboration, and reduce errors.
    • Security: Protect the website from attacks (e.g., cross-site scripting (XSS), SQL injection) by implementing security best practices.
    • Scalability: Design the website/application to handle future growth in traffic, users, and content without compromising performance.
    • Network Topology: The layout of how network devices (routers, switches) connect. Common topologies include bus, ring, star, and mesh.
    • Redundancy and Failover: Ensure backup paths exist in case of primary link or device failure for reliable and consistent uptime.
    • Quality of Service (QoS): Manage network resources to ensure critical applications receive priority in terms of bandwidth, latency, and packet loss.
    • Data Integrity: Maintain accuracy and consistency in data by enforcing constraints like primary keys, foreign keys, and unique constraints.

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    Week 1 Lecture: Software Development Life Cycles PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of the key concepts and phases of the Web Development Life Cycle (WDLC) and Network Design Life Cycle (NDLC). This quiz covers topics such as network topologies, project planning, redundancy, and maintenance phases. Enhance your knowledge on how these frameworks support effective web development and network management.

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