Web Development

• Web Development
  • Web development is the process of creating websites for various purposes.
  • The web is a collection of websites accessed over the Internet using a web browser.
• Websites are collections of interrelated webpages that can be accessed over the Internet.
• Benefits of websites include:
  • Information sharing
  • Facilitating online businesses
  • Facilitating e-government services
• A webpage is a web document that can store text, images, videos, and other multimedia content.
• Hypertext is used to link a webpage with other resources like another webpage, videos, images, and text.
• The World Wide Web (www) is a system of interconnected public webpages accessible over the Internet.
• Tim Berners-Lee invented the Web in 1989.
• The Web was formed out of four essential foundations: HTML, Web browser, Web server, and HTTP.

Website Design

• Website design is concerned with the plan and design of various aspects of a website, including:
  • Layout
  • Navigation
  • Appearance
  • Graphics
• Guidelines to consider when designing a website include:
  • Target audience
  • Navigation
  • Consistency
  • Simplicity
  • Accessibility

HTML

• HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.
• HTML is used to create webpages.
• The current version of HTML is HTML5.
• HTML documents can be prepared using a simple text editor like Notepad.
• HTML documents are saved with an extension ".html".
• HTML elements are the building blocks of a webpage.
• Void elements are HTML elements that do not have end tags.
• HTML attributes are used to define more properties to HTML elements.
• HTML links are used to create hyperlinks.

Hardware Troubleshooting and Preventive Maintenance

• Hardware troubleshooting is the process of reviewing, diagnosing, and identifying technical problems within a hardware device.
• Basic procedures for checking hardware problems include:
  • Checking if the computer is plugged into a power outlet
  • Checking if everything is turned on
  • Checking if the keyboard, mouse, monitor, and speakers are properly plugged into the computer system
  • Trying a different port to check if it is a port issue
• POST (Power On Self-Test) is a part of a computer's startup program that diagnoses hardware components to ensure they are working properly.
• Beep codes are sounds emitted by the computer during POST to indicate errors.

Beep Codes

• Beep codes can indicate various problems, including:
  • No beep but the system turns on and runs fine: The "beeper" may have died out
  • No beep: The power supply is not plugged in or turned on
  • Steady, long beeps: The power supply has gone bad
  • Long, continuous beep: Issues with the RAM sticks
  • One long, two short beeps: Video card failure
• CMOS error: Stores information about time and date to system hardware settings. If a CMOS alert message appears, it indicates that the CMOS battery needs to be replaced.

Event Viewer

• Event Viewer records information about system or application errors on a computer running Windows.
• The Event Viewer records the following information:
  • The problem that occurred
  • The date and time of the problem
  • The severity of the problem
  • The source of the problem
  • The event ID number
  • Which user was logged in when the problem occurred

Basics of Preventive Maintenance

• Preventive maintenance is the practice of taking measures to reduce the risk of hardware failures.
• Methods of preventive maintenance include:
  • Cleaning the outside of the computer case using a soft cloth
  • Using chemical cleaners like alcohol-free sprays to clean screens
  • Using a vacuum cleaner to clean dust from computer components
  • Running antivirus software to prevent virus infections
  • Backing up data to external storage devices
  • Using power protection devices like surge protectors, stabilizers, and UPS to protect against electrical power problems.