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Weathering and Erosion Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is one effect of temperature changes on rocks in physical weathering?

Rocks dissolve due to chemical reactions.

Rocks increase in strength from external pressure.

Rocks become smoother through abrasion.

Rocks can expand and contract, leading to crumbling. (correct)

Which process leads to the peeling away of outer layers of rocks?

Abrasion

Oxidation

Exfoliation (correct)

Ice wedging

How does oxidation contribute to chemical weathering?

By mixing iron in rocks with nitrogen.

By breaking rocks into smaller fragments.

By combining minerals with hydrochloric acid.

By allowing oxygen to chemically alter rock color. (correct)

What role does carbonic acid play in weathering?

<p>It dissolves minerals in rocks due to carbon dioxide in water. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a contributor to abrasion?

<p>High temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<h1>=</h1> <h1>=</h1> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Physical weathering

The breakdown of rocks by physical changes, like freezing and thawing of water or temperature changes.

Chemical weathering

The breakdown of rocks through chemical reactions, like oxidation or acid reactions.

Ice wedging

Water seeps into rock cracks, freezes, expands, and causes the rock to break apart. This cycle repeats, leading to weathering.

Oxidation

The process where oxygen combines with other chemicals, like iron in rocks, causing a change in color and weakening the rock.

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Carbonic weathering

A type of chemical weathering where carbon dioxide dissolves in rainwater creating a weak acid that breaks down rocks.

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Study Notes

Weathering and Erosion

Two types of weathering: Physical and chemical
Physical weathering: Breakdown of rocks by physical changes
Chemical weathering: Breakdown of rocks by chemical reactions

Physical Weathering

Ice wedging (frost wedging): Water seeps into cracks, freezes, expands, and widens the cracks.
Temperature changes: Expansion from heat and contraction from cold can weaken and break rocks.
Pressure changes: Exfoliation - outer layers peel away due to pressure changes.
Abrasion: Rocks break down by the mechanical action of other rocks, water, wind, and gravity.
Biological activity: Plants growing in rocks can cause weathering.

Chemical Weathering

Oxidation: Oxygen reacts with minerals, changing their color (e.g., rust).
Acids: Groundwater acids (e.g., carbonic acid) dissolve minerals and rocks.
Carbonic acid: Carbon dioxide in the air dissolves in rainwater, forming a weak acid.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the types of weathering, including physical and chemical processes that break down rocks. This quiz covers topics like ice wedging, oxidation, and the effects of temperature changes on rock structures. Get ready to explore the fascinating world of geological weathering!