Weather and Climate Quiz

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As the difference between the air temperature and the dew point increases, the relative humidity _____.

remains constant and equal to 100%

increases

remains constant at a value less than 100%

decreases (correct)

The heat index (HI) is based on the apparent temperature, which is a combination of air temperature and _____.

cloud cover

solar intensity

relative humidity (correct)

wind speed

When naming clouds, the term "stratus", or "strato", means _____.

storm

low altitude

thick

layer (correct)

Nighttime radiation inversions occur on most _____.

clear, calm Signup and view all the answers

Thin, wispy clouds blown by high winds into long streamers, called mare's tails, are _____.

cirrus Signup and view all the answers

Seasons on Earth are regulated by _____.

both the length of daylight hours and the angle sunlight strikes Earth's surface Signup and view all the answers

Warm, moist air moving over a cold surface produces _____.

advection Signup and view all the answers

Maximum air temperature in a given day usually occurs _____.

2-4 hours after maximum solar heating Signup and view all the answers

Particles that serve as surfaces on which water vapor may condense are called _____.

condensation nuclei Signup and view all the answers

Frost occurs when dew freezes.

True Signup and view all the answers

Match each item with the appropriate description. ____.: The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January).

annual range of temperature = The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January). mean (average) daily temperatures = The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight. mean (average) annual temperature = The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures. daily (diurnal) range of temperature = The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface. Signup and view all the answers

Match each item with the appropriate description. __.: _The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight.

annual range of temperature = The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January). mean (average) daily temperatures = The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight. mean (average) annual temperature = The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures. daily (diurnal) range of temperature = The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface. Signup and view all the answers

Match each item with the appropriate description. __.: _The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures.

annual range of temperature = The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January). mean (average) daily temperatures = The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight. mean (average) annual temperature = The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures. daily (diurnal) range of temperature = The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface. Signup and view all the answers

Match each item with the appropriate description. __.: _The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface.

annual range of temperature = The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January). mean (average) daily temperatures = The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight. mean (average) annual temperature = The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures. daily (diurnal) range of temperature = The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface. Signup and view all the answers

The Coriolis force is the force that causes the wind to blow.

False Signup and view all the answers

Falling raindrops are tear-shaped because that is the profile that minimizes air resistance.

False Signup and view all the answers

When naming clouds, the term "stratus" or "strato" means ____ clouds.

layer Signup and view all the answers

Nighttime radiation inversions occur on most ____ nights.

clear, calm Signup and view all the answers

As the air temperature decreases, the air's capacity for water vapor ____.

decreases Signup and view all the answers

Cold and cloudy nights are warmer than cold and clear nights (other factors being equal) because ____.

clouds absorb outgoing infrared energy and radiate it back to the surface Signup and view all the answers

The heat index ____.

takes into account humidity and air temperature in expressing the current air temperature Signup and view all the answers

A parcel of air expands and cools, or compresses and warms, with no interchange of heat with its outside surroundings. What is this called?

adiabatic process Signup and view all the answers

Match each item with the appropriate description. 1. The horizontal transfer of any atmospheric property by wind. 2. The transfer of heat from molecule to molecule within a substance. 3. The transfer of heat by the mass movement of a fluid, such as water and air. 4. Energy propagated in the form of electromagnetic waves.

Conduction = The transfer of heat from molecule to molecule within a substance. Convection = The transfer of heat by the mass movement of a fluid, such as water and air. Advection = The horizontal transfer of any atmospheric property by wind. Radiant energy (radiation) = Energy propagated in the form of electromagnetic waves. Signup and view all the answers

Which cloud type would be most likely to form in an unstable atmosphere?

Cumulonimbus Signup and view all the answers

The surface air around a strengthening low pressure area normally . While, above the system, the air normally .

Converges; diverges Signup and view all the answers

A parcel rises and cools by ____ C per 1000 m if its unsaturated.

10 Signup and view all the answers

Convection clouds form ____.

by surface heating Signup and view all the answers

A raindrop that freezes before reaching the ground is called ____.

sleet Signup and view all the answers

The wind around a surface low pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere blows ____ the center.

counterclockwise and inward toward Signup and view all the answers

The phrase "rain shadow" is associated with which type of precipitation?

orographic Signup and view all the answers

Anticyclonic flow means ____ in either the Northern hemisphere.

circulation around a high pressure center Signup and view all the answers

If Earth’s gravitational force were to increase, atmospheric pressure at the ground would ____.

increase Signup and view all the answers

The pressure gradient force is directed from higher pressure toward lower pressure ____.

at all places on Earth Signup and view all the answers

A ____ wind blows at a constant speed parallel to straight line isobars, with the pressure gradient force (PGF) and the Coriolis force in balance.

Geostrophic Signup and view all the answers

The ____ force is an apparent force created by Earth’s rotation.

Coriolis Signup and view all the answers

Match each item with the appropriate description. 1. The environmental lapse rate is greater than the dry adiabatic rate. This results in a lifted parcel of air being warmer than the air around it. 2. The environmental lapse rate is less than the moist adiabatic rate. This results in a lifted parcel of air being colder than the air around it. 3. The environmental lapse rate is less than the dry adiabatic rate but greater than the moist adiabatic rate.

Conditionally unstable atmosphere = The environmental lapse rate is less than the dry adiabatic rate but greater than the moist adiabatic rate. Absolutely unstable atmosphere = The environmental lapse rate is greater than the dry adiabatic rate. Absolutely stable atmosphere = The environmental lapse rate is less than the moist adiabatic rate. Signup and view all the answers

During El Nino events, surface waters are ____ in the tropical eastern Pacific.

warmer Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a rule of contouring?

Isopleths can stop in the middle of the map Signup and view all the answers

The ____ force is the force that causes wind to blow.

Pressure gradient Signup and view all the answers

In an absolutely ____ environment, the lifted parcel of air is colder than the air surrounding it.

stable Signup and view all the answers

The heat index is a combination of air temperature and ____.

relative humidity Signup and view all the answers

In an ____ atmosphere, the environmental lapse rate is less than the dry adiabatic lapse rate, but greater than the moist adiabatic rate.

conditionally unstable Signup and view all the answers

In an ____ atmosphere, the environmental lapse rate is greater than the moist and dry adiabatic rates.

absolutely unstable Signup and view all the answers

When ice forms, heat is ____ the surrounding environment.

released and warms Signup and view all the answers

A supercell storm is a(n) ____.

intense long-lasting thunderstorm with a single violently rotating updraft Signup and view all the answers

According to the model of the life cycle of a wave cyclone, the storm system is normally most intense as a(n) ____.

mature cyclone Signup and view all the answers

What type of weather front would be responsible for the following weather forecast? "Increasing high cloudiness and cold this morning. Clouds increasing and lowering this afternoon with a chance of snow or rain tonight. Precipitation ending tomorrow morning. Turning much warmer. Winds from the south and becoming southwesterly tomorrow."

warm front Signup and view all the answers

Maximum air temperature in a given day usually occurs ______ solar heating.

2-4 hours after maximum Signup and view all the answers

Match each item with the appropriate description. A - The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January). B - The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight. C - The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures. D - The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and become progressively smaller as we move away from the surface.

annual range of temperature = D mean (average) daily temperature = B mean (average) annual temperature = C daily (diurnal) range of temperature = A Signup and view all the answers

Match each process with the appropriate description. A - An atmospheric condition that exists when the environmental lapse rate is greater than the dry adiabatic rate. This results in a lifted parcel of air being warmer than the air around it. B - An atmospheric condition that exists when the environmental lapse rate is less than the moist adiabatic rate. This results in a lifted parcel of air being colder than the air around it.C - An atmospheric condition that exists when the environmental lapse rate is less than the dry adiabatic rate but greater than the moist adiabatic rate.

conditionally unstable atmosphere = C absolutely stable atmosphere = B absolutely unstable atmosphere = A Signup and view all the answers

A parcel rises and cools by ______ °C per 1000 m if it is saturated.

10 Signup and view all the answers

All of the weather we are familiar with on Earth occurs in the ______.

troposphere Signup and view all the answers

When naming clouds, the term 'stratus', or 'strato', means _____ clouds.

Layer Signup and view all the answers

Match each item with the appropriate description.

Conduction = The transfer of heat from molecule to molecule within a substance Convection = The transfer of heat by the mass movement of a fluid, such as water and air Advection = The horizontal transfer of any atmospheric property by wind Radiant energy (radiation) = Energy propagated in the form of electromagnetic waves Signup and view all the answers

Match each word to its correct definition/description.

'Cirrus' or 'cirro' = Composed of ice crystals in the form of thin, white, featherlike clouds in patches, filaments, or narrow bands 'Cumulus' or 'cumulo' = A cloud in the form of individual, detached domes or towers that are usually dense and well defined. 'Stratus' or 'strato' = A low, gray cloud layer with a rather uniform base. 'Alto' = Middle layer clouds Signup and view all the answers

Match each cloud description to the correct name of the cloud.

Lenticular clouds = A cloud in the shape of a lens Cumulonimbus clouds = Frequently accompanied by heavy showers, lightning, thunder, and sometimes hail. Nimbostratus clouds = A dark, gray cloud characterized by more or less continuously falling precipitation. It is rarely accompanied by lightning, thunder, or hail. Altostratus clouds = A middle cloud composed of gray or bluish sheets or layers of uniform appearance. Signup and view all the answers

The term 'meteorology' goes back to the Greek philosopher Aristotle, who, about 340 B.C., wrote a book called what?

Meteorologica Signup and view all the answers

What are contour lines on a map that connect points with equal pressure called?

Isopleths Signup and view all the answers

What is it called when the state of the atmosphere when there is a balance between the vertical pressure gradient force and the downward pull of gravity?

Geostrophic balance Signup and view all the answers

The serious brush fires that occur in southern California in autumn are often driven by _____ winds.

Santa Ana Signup and view all the answers

Thunder is caused by _____.

The rapid heating of air surrounding a lightning channel Signup and view all the answers

What type of weather front is being shown in the image?

Cold front Signup and view all the answers

What is the current atmospheric pressure according to this station model?

996 Signup and view all the answers

When a mid-latitude cyclone forms and moves along the polar front in a wave-like manner, the developing storm is referred to as a(n) _____.

Frontal wave Signup and view all the answers

_____ is a boundary that separates warm, dry air from warm, moist air.

Dryline Signup and view all the answers

A line of thunderstorms that forms ahead of an advancing cold front is called a _____.

Squall line Signup and view all the answers

Match each letter with the correct air mass name. Fill in each letter for each question on your bubble sheet.

Air mass A = Maritime polar Air mass B = Continental arctic Air mass C = Continental polar Signup and view all the answers

A sea breeze circulation will reverse direction and become a land breeze circulation _____.

Once per day Signup and view all the answers

The word 'weather' is defined as _____.

The condition of the atmosphere at any particular time and place Signup and view all the answers

The freezing of pure water is 32° on the _____ scale.

Fahrenheit Signup and view all the answers

The absolute temperature scale that contains no negative numbers is the _____ which makes it convenient for scientific computing.

Kelvin Signup and view all the answers

Earth's first atmosphere (approximately 4.6 billion years ago) was most likely composed of _____.

Hydrogen and helium Signup and view all the answers

Which gas in the upper atmosphere shields Earth's surface from the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays?

Ozone Signup and view all the answers

Atmospheric concentrations of _____ can vary significantly depending on time and location.

Water vapor Signup and view all the answers

The greenhouse effect is directly enhanced (made stronger) by _____.

Addition of water vapor to the atmosphere Signup and view all the answers

The vertical profile of _____ is variable in each layer of Earth's atmosphere.

Air temperature Signup and view all the answers

The air pressure at the summit of Mount Everest is higher than the air pressure at sea level.

False Signup and view all the answers

All things with a temperature above absolute zero emit energy no matter how big or small.

True Signup and view all the answers

The three necessary ingredients for thunderstorm development are moisture, stability, and _____.

A Lifting Mechanism Signup and view all the answers

Weather and Climate Quiz

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Podcast

Questions and Answers

As the difference between the air temperature and the dew point increases, the relative humidity _____.

The heat index (HI) is based on the apparent temperature, which is a combination of air temperature and _____.

When naming clouds, the term "stratus", or "strato", means _____.

Nighttime radiation inversions occur on most _____.

Thin, wispy clouds blown by high winds into long streamers, called mare's tails, are _____.

Seasons on Earth are regulated by _____.

Warm, moist air moving over a cold surface produces _____.

Maximum air temperature in a given day usually occurs _____.

Particles that serve as surfaces on which water vapor may condense are called _____.

Frost occurs when dew freezes.

Match each item with the appropriate description. ____.: The difference in average temperature between the warmest month (often July in the Northern Hemisphere) and coldest month (often January).

Match each item with the appropriate description. ____.: ___The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight.

Match each item with the appropriate description. ____.: ___The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures.

Match each item with the appropriate description. ____.: ___The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface.

The Coriolis force is the force that causes the wind to blow.

Falling raindrops are tear-shaped because that is the profile that minimizes air resistance.

When naming clouds, the term "stratus" or "strato" means ____ clouds.

Nighttime radiation inversions occur on most ____ nights.

As the air temperature decreases, the air's capacity for water vapor ____.

Cold and cloudy nights are warmer than cold and clear nights (other factors being equal) because ____.

The heat index ____.

A parcel of air expands and cools, or compresses and warms, with no interchange of heat with its outside surroundings. What is this called?

Which cloud type would be most likely to form in an unstable atmosphere?

The surface air around a strengthening low pressure area normally ____. While, above the system, the air normally ____.

A parcel rises and cools by ____ C per 1000 m if its unsaturated.

Convection clouds form ____.

A raindrop that freezes before reaching the ground is called ____.

The wind around a surface low pressure center in the Northern Hemisphere blows ____ the center.

The phrase "rain shadow" is associated with which type of precipitation?

Anticyclonic flow means ____ in either the Northern hemisphere.

If Earth’s gravitational force were to increase, atmospheric pressure at the ground would ____.

The pressure gradient force is directed from higher pressure toward lower pressure ____.

A ____ wind blows at a constant speed parallel to straight line isobars, with the pressure gradient force (PGF) and the Coriolis force in balance.

The ____ force is an apparent force created by Earth’s rotation.

During El Nino events, surface waters are ____ in the tropical eastern Pacific.

Which of the following is NOT a rule of contouring?

The ____ force is the force that causes wind to blow.

In an absolutely ____ environment, the lifted parcel of air is colder than the air surrounding it.

The heat index is a combination of air temperature and ____.

In an ____ atmosphere, the environmental lapse rate is less than the dry adiabatic lapse rate, but greater than the moist adiabatic rate.

In an ____ atmosphere, the environmental lapse rate is greater than the moist and dry adiabatic rates.

When ice forms, heat is ____ the surrounding environment.

A supercell storm is a(n) ____.

According to the model of the life cycle of a wave cyclone, the storm system is normally most intense as a(n) ____.

Maximum air temperature in a given day usually occurs ______ solar heating.

A parcel rises and cools by ______ °C per 1000 m if it is saturated.

All of the weather we are familiar with on Earth occurs in the ______.

When naming clouds, the term 'stratus', or 'strato', means _____ clouds.

Match each item with the appropriate description.

Match each word to its correct definition/description.

Match each cloud description to the correct name of the cloud.

The term 'meteorology' goes back to the Greek philosopher Aristotle, who, about 340 B.C., wrote a book called what?

What are contour lines on a map that connect points with equal pressure called?

What is it called when the state of the atmosphere when there is a balance between the vertical pressure gradient force and the downward pull of gravity?

The serious brush fires that occur in southern California in autumn are often driven by _____ winds.

Thunder is caused by _____.

What type of weather front is being shown in the image?

What is the current atmospheric pressure according to this station model?

When a mid-latitude cyclone forms and moves along the polar front in a wave-like manner, the developing storm is referred to as a(n) _____.

_____ is a boundary that separates warm, dry air from warm, moist air.

A line of thunderstorms that forms ahead of an advancing cold front is called a _____.

Match each letter with the correct air mass name. Fill in each letter for each question on your bubble sheet.

A sea breeze circulation will reverse direction and become a land breeze circulation _____.

The word 'weather' is defined as _____.

The freezing of pure water is 32° on the _____ scale.

The absolute temperature scale that contains no negative numbers is the _____ which makes it convenient for scientific computing.

Earth's first atmosphere (approximately 4.6 billion years ago) was most likely composed of _____.

Which gas in the upper atmosphere shields Earth's surface from the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays?

Atmospheric concentrations of _____ can vary significantly depending on time and location.

The greenhouse effect is directly enhanced (made stronger) by _____.

The vertical profile of _____ is variable in each layer of Earth's atmosphere.

The air pressure at the summit of Mount Everest is higher than the air pressure at sea level.

All things with a temperature above absolute zero emit energy no matter how big or small.

The three necessary ingredients for thunderstorm development are moisture, stability, and _____.

Study Notes

Quiz Questions and Answers

Match each item with the appropriate description. __.: _The average of the highest and lowest temperature observed in a given 24-hour period - typically from midnight to midnight.

Match each item with the appropriate description. __.: _The average temperature of any station for the entire year, which represents the average of the twelve monthly average temperatures.

Match each item with the appropriate description. __.: _The difference between the daily maximum and minimum temperature is greatest next to the ground and becomes progressively smaller as we move away from the surface.

The surface air around a strengthening low pressure area normally . While, above the system, the air normally .