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Introduction

• Technology comes from the Greek words "techne" (art) and "logos" (word).
• Technology refers to a discourse on arts.
• In the 17th century, technology was only used when discussing specifically applied arts.
• As technology advanced, the concept expanded to include machines and tools.

The Impact of Technology

• Technology plays a crucial role for everyone in todays world.
• Society is either directly or indirectly affected by technology.
• Most people rely heavily on technology for their daily lives.
• Technology brings convenience, pleasure, and happiness to peoples lives.
• Technology aids human activities and has become a necessity.
• Technology continuously progresses due to human brilliance, creativeness, and mental power.

Television Sets

• 92% of rural homes own at least one television set.
• Television is still the ultimate medium for advertising.
• Filipinos are believed to have a strong fascination with television.
• The number of households using television sets has reached 15.135 million.
• Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, a German student, attempted to send images through a rotating disk in the late 1800s.
• Nipkow's invention was called an "electric telescope" and had 18 lines of resolution.
• In 1907, Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton and Boris Rosing created a new television system using a cathode ray tube.
• There are two types of television systems: mechanical and electronic television.

Mobile Phones

• More than half of the Filipino population owns at least one mobile phone.
• Mobile phone product ownership is at 67%.
• Mobile phones are considered essential for young Filipinos.
• One in three Filipinos cannot live without a mobile phone.
• 30% of the Philippine urban population considers mobile phones a necessity.
• Philippine streets are full of people using mobile phones.
• Some Filipinos own more than one mobile phone.
• Motorola senior engineer, Martin Cooper, made the world's first mobile phone call on April 3, 1973.
• The mobile phone used by Cooper weighed 1.1 kilograms and measured 228.6 x 127 x 44.4 mm.
• The device provided 30 minutes of talk time and required 10 hours to charge.
• In 1983, Motorola released the first commercial mobile phone called the Motorola DynaTAC 8000X.

Computers

• In 2010, the total value output of all manufacturing establishments was estimated at 3.6 trillion.
• Computers and accessories accounted for for 5.4% of the total value output.
• Computer and laptop sales are increasing along with the number of internet users.
• Charles Babbage, a 19th-century English mathematics professor, designed the Analytical Engine, which served as the foundation for modern computers.
• Early designs of computers were enormous and occupied entire floors of buildings.
• The transition from personal computers to laptops was a matter of design improvement.
• In April 1981, the first true portable computer, the Osborne 1, was released.
• 89% of households own a mobile phone, 53% own a smartphone, 14% own a tablet, 39% own a desktop and 37% own a laptop or netbook.
• 4% of households own a Smart TV.
• Filipinos' deep fascination with technological devices is evident.
• The Philippines has 119 million mobile phone subscriptions.
• Filipinos spend approximately 3.2 hours on mobile and 5.2 hours on desktop devices daily.
• The Philippines has one of the highest digital populations globally.
• There are 47 million active Facebook accounts in the Philippines.
• The Philippines is the fastest-growing application market in Southeast Asia.

Roles of Technological Advancements

Television

• TVs can be used as a platform for advertisements and information dissemination.
• TVs serve as a recreational, stress relieving activity.
• TVs are a useful platform for various propaganda and advocacies.
• TVs are a good way to bond with family members.

Mobile phones

• Mobile phones can be used for general communication.
• Mobile phones provide services in the form of texting and calling.
• Mobile phones can be used to surf the internet and take photographs.
• Mobile phones have other applications like a music player, calendar, radio, television, and photo editor.

Personal Computers and Laptops

• Personal Computers and Laptops can be used to surf the internet and communicate with others.
• Personal Computers and Laptops contain other applications like a calendar, calculator, music player, movie player and camera.

Ethical Dilemmas

• Technology can lead to lazy and unhealthy behaviors.
• People skip meals and lack exercise due to being glued to tech.
• People can be unaware of the time, which can lead to them becoming mad/annoyed.
• Alienation may occur.
• Technology can present a moral dilemma.
• Sickness may manifest due to a lack of movement from using too much tech.
• Important to note personal responsibility of what is and is not allowed.

Robotics

• Robots are now widely used as service robots.
• Robots perform specific tasks, assisting their masters with everyday duties.

The International Federation of Robotics and the UN Economic Commission for Europe

• Tasked with creating a working definition for service robots.
• A robot is an actuated mechanism that can be programmed across two or more axes with some autonomy.
• A robot needs to be able to move in its environment to perform intended tasks.
• Autonomy means the robot must be able to perform tasks based on its current state and in response to what it senses.
• Autonomy must happen without human intervention
• A service robot performs useful tasks for humans or equipment.
• This excludes industrial automation applications.
• A robot classifies on its intention as either an industrial robot or a service robot.
• A personal service robot is used for noncommercial tasks, usually by laypersons.
• Examples are domestic servant robots, automated wheelchairs, personal mobility-assist robots, and pet-exercising robots.
• A professional service robot is used for commercial tasks, typically operated by a trained operator.
• Professional robots are used for cleaning public places, delivery in offices/hospitals, firefighting, rehabilitation, and surgery.
• An operator starts, monitors, and stops the robot system.

Germany and the Rise of Robot Use

• Germany was amongst the first countries to develop service robots.
• Germany is "Service Robotics Innovation Lead Initiative." part of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.
• Germany sponsored a collaborative project called DESIRE (Deutsche Servicerobotik Initiative-Germany Service Robotics Initiative).
• DESIRE launched on October 1, 2005.

DESIRE's list of Objectives

• Achieve a technological edge in key functions and components for everyday use.
• Build a mobile manipulation standard architecture.
• Encourage the convergence of technologies by integrating into a common technology platform.
• Perform pre-competition research and development for new products and technology transfer in start-up companies.
• Expected work to be performed by DESIRE includes clearing up the kitchen table, filling the dishwasher, and cleaning up a room.

Robotics History

• The earliest robots can be traced back to 3000 B.C., Egyptians used human figurines to strike the hour bells with Water clocks.
• Developed Mechanical devices were built to carry out specific physical tasks regularly.
• Machines displayed the same mechanics/characteristics as the robots.
• George Devol created the earliest robots as people know them in the 1950s, called "Unimate."

Robots and Their Role

• Used to ease the burden of daily tasks for mankind.
• Robots make life more efficient and less stressful.
• They perform difficult activities humans are incapable of.
• Robots perform the simplest tasks at home.
• Robots can entertain people.
• Robots also serve as toys.

Ethical Dilemmas of Robotics

• Safety is a primary concern.
• Development of emotional components for robots is a complex task.
• Robots can be designed with partial autonomy that includes active human-robot interaction or full autonomy that excludes it.
• Isaac Asimov created the 3 laws of robotics

Asimov's 3 Laws of Robotics

• Robots must not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to incur harm (Law One).
• Robots must always obey orders, except where such orders conflict with the first law (Law Two).
• Robots must protect their own existence, as long as protection doesn't conflict with the first and second laws (Law Three).