Waves and Sound Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between wavelength and frequency?

  • They are directly related
  • They are not related
  • They are inversely related (correct)
  • Their relationship depends on the medium

    • What is the unit for frequency?

  • Newtons (N)
  • Waves per second (s^-1) or Hertz (Hz) (correct)
  • Meters per second (m/s)
  • Joules (J)

    • What does a wave represent?

  • A disturbance that does not transfer energy
  • A single disturbance in a medium
  • A repeating disturbance or movement that transfers energy through matter or space (correct)
  • A static position in a medium

    • What does the wavelength (𝝀) of a wave represent?

    <p>The distance from one point on the wave to the next corresponding adjacent point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does frequency (f) measure?

    <p>The number of waves that pass through a point in one second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speed of a wave determined by?

    <p>The medium through which it travels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of wave motion?

    <p>Deeply connected to oscillations in the medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the human vocal organs?

    <p>To produce sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of sound waves does the human ear detect?

    <p>Pressure variations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Doppler effect refer to?

    <p>The change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the wave source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the uses of sound in diagnostic medicine?

    <p>To create images of internal organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between wave speed and medium?

    <p>The speed of a wave is determined by the medium through which it travels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate wave speed?

    <p>$c = f \lambda$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a sound wave has a frequency of 500 Hz and travels at 344 m/s in air, what is its wavelength?

    <p>0.688 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of wave requires a medium to travel?

    <p>Mechanical waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a transverse wave, how do the molecules of the matter in the wave move?

    <p>Up and down at a right angle to the direction of the wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of wave is transporting energy from left to right if the particles of the medium are moving back and forth in a leftward and rightward direction?

    <p>Transverse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are standing waves formed by?

    <p>Combining incident and reflected waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which medium does sound travel the fastest?

    <p>Metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the ratio of the reflected to incident intensities at a boundary?

    <p>$R = \left(\frac{Z_1 - Z_2}{Z_1 + Z_2}\right)^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Transmittance (T) represent?

    <p>The ratio of intensity of the transmitted wave to the intensity of the incident wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proportion of a sound wave’s energy transmitted at the air/water boundary if $Z_1 = 413 , \text{kg m}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}$ and $Z_2 = 1.44 \times 10^6 , \text{kg m}^{-2} \text{s}^{-1}$?

    <p>0.001146</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the upper limit of the normal human hearing range?

    <p>20 KHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medical diagnostic imaging technique using ultrasound called?

    <p>Sonography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the reflectance (R) in ultrasound imaging?

    <p>$R = \frac{Z_2 - Z_1}{Z_2 + Z_1}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What frequency range can children detect sounds up to?

    <p>40 KHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most sensitive frequency range for the human ear?

    <p>100 Hz to 4000 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit for sound intensity?

    <p>Watt per square meter (W/m²)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between pitch and frequency?

    <p>Pitch is directly proportional to frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency of a sound wave with a wavelength of 0.5 m and speed of 344 m/s?

    <p>172 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of imaging that uses high-frequency sound waves to view organs and structures inside the body?

    <p>Sonography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the theory of ultrasound imaging depended on?

    <p>Acoustic impedance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the sound intensity level (L) in terms of the sound wave intensity (I) and the lowest audible intensity (I0)?

    <p>$L = 10 \log_{10} \left(\frac{I}{I_0}\right)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the fundamental frequency of a tube with two open ends?

    <p>Length of the tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of the human ear canal, and what is required for sound detection in the ear?

    <p>26 mm; Conversion of mechanical vibrations of sound waves into a form that permits the analysis of their frequency and intensity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the frequencies of the first three resonant modes in the ear canal?

    <p>In the normal range of human hearing (20 Hz - 20 KHz)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows humans to produce different sounds in speech?

    <p>Vocal cord tension variation and modification of frequency content by changing the shape and dimensions of the oral cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Doppler effect change in a sound wave?

    <p>Apparent pitch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lowest audible intensity denoted by?

    <p>$I_0 = 10^{-12} , \text{Wm}^{-2}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily determines loudness in sound?

    <p>Intensity (amplitude)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the Doppler effect when the source is moving towards the observer and the observer is fixed?

    <p>$f` = f \left(\frac{v + v_D}{v - v_S}\right)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the human ear in sound detection?

    <p>Collects sound waves and transfers them to the eardrum through the ear canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the Doppler effect when the source is moving towards the observer and the observer is fixed?

    Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the frequency perceived by an observer moving towards a stationary sound source?

    <p>f' = f*(c+v_o)/(c)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the frequency of a sound wave when the observer is moving away from the source?

    <p>The frequency decreases, and the minus sign in the Doppler effect formula becomes a plus sign.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency heard by drivers of cars moving at 15 m/s away from a stationary civil defense siren with a frequency of 1000 Hz?

    <p>956 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the change in frequency perceived by an observer when both the source and the observer are in motion?

    <p>The relative speed of the source and the observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the Doppler effect when the observer is moving away from the source?

    <p>f' = f*(c)/(c-v_o)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the frequency of a sound wave when the observer is moving towards the source?

    <p>The frequency increases, and the minus sign in the Doppler effect formula becomes a plus sign.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the Doppler effect when the source is moving away from the observer and the observer is fixed?

    <p>f' = f*(c-v_s)/(c)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the frequency heard by an observer when a sound source is moving away from them?

    <p>$f' = f \left(\frac{c}{c+v_s}\right)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a fixed source and a moving observer towards the source, what is the correct formula for the frequency heard by the observer?

    <p>$f' = f \left(\frac{c+v_o}{c}\right)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the velocity of sound in air is 344 m/s and the observer is moving away from the source at 20 m/s, what is the frequency heard by the observer?

    <p>More than the original frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the wavelength of the sound when the observer is moving towards the source?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the frequency heard by an observer when a sound source is moving towards them?

    <p>$f' = f \left(\frac{c+v_s}{c}\right)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the velocity of sound in air is 344 m/s and the observer is moving towards the source at 30 m/s, what is the frequency heard by the observer?

    <p>More than the original frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the frequency heard by an observer when a sound source is moving away from them?

    <p>$f' = f \left(\frac{c}{c-v_s}\right)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a fixed source and a moving observer away from the source, what is the correct formula for the frequency heard by the observer?

    <p>$f' = f \left(\frac{c}{c-v_o}\right)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the velocity of sound in air is 344 m/s and the observer is moving away from the source at 25 m/s, what is the frequency heard by the observer?

    <p>Less than the original frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Sound Waves, Intensity, Resonance, and Human Hearing

    • The lowest audible intensity is denoted by 𝐼0 = 10−12 𝑊𝑚−2
    • Loudness primarily depends on intensity (amplitude), with higher pressure resulting in louder sound and lower pressure resulting in quieter sound.
    • The intensity (I) of a sound wave is defined as the sound wave power per unit of area, with the sound intensity level (L) related to the intensity by L = 10 log (I/I0).
    • The generation of sound only requires something that moves to create an air pressure wave of enough intensity, with different objects producing distinct frequencies due to resonant structures.
    • Tubes with two open ends have a fundamental frequency determined by the length, which is half the fundamental wavelength.
    • The ear canal is 26 mm in length, and sound detection requires the conversion of mechanical vibrations of sound waves into a form that permits the analysis of their frequency and intensity.
    • The human ear can detect sound as the outer ear collects sound waves and transfers them to the eardrum through the ear canal, where ear bones transfer collected vibrations to the inner ear canal, and nerve impulses initiated in the inner ear canal travel toward the brain.
    • The frequencies of the first three resonant modes in the ear canal are in the normal range of human hearing (20 Hz- 20 KHz).
    • In human speech, the vocal cords initiate vibrations of the air, and the throat and the nasal and oral cavities serve as resonant structures.
    • The remarkable ability of humans to produce different sounds stems from the vocal cord tension variation and the modification of frequency content of the amplified sounds by changing the shape and dimensions of the oral cavity.
    • The Doppler effect changes the apparent pitch of a sound by the relative motion between the sound source and the observer, with the formula f` = f ((v + vD)/(v - vS)) for moving source towards the observer and the observer being fixed.

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    Description

    Explore the fascinating world of waves and sound in this quiz. Learn about the nature of wave motion, the connection to oscillations, properties of sound waves, the human ear's detection of sounds, and the function of the human vocal organs. Test your knowledge and deepen your understanding of wave phenomena.

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