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Gr 10 Physical Sciences November exam p1 (Hard)
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Gr 10 Physical Sciences November exam p1 (Hard)

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary direction of particle motion in a transverse wave?

  • Perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation (correct)
  • At an angle to the direction of wave propagation
  • In a circular motion around the direction of wave propagation
  • Parallel to the direction of wave propagation

    • What is the term for the highest point on a wave?

  • Equilibrium position
  • Trough
  • Amplitude
  • Crest (correct)

    • What is the purpose of the 'oscillate' option in a transverse wave simulation?

  • To observe how particles move in a transverse wave (correct)
  • To observe the wave's speed
  • To observe the wave's wavelength
  • To observe the wave's frequency

    • What is the term for the maximum disturbance or displacement of the medium from its equilibrium position?

    <p>Amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the amplitude of a wave?

    <p>The wave carries more energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a transverse wave, what is the relationship between the particles of the medium and the direction of wave propagation?

    <p>The particles move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the lowest point on a wave?

    <p>Trough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for amplitude in the International System of Units (SI)?

    <p>Metres (m)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of crests and troughs in wave motion?

    <p>To transmit energy through the medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the wave itself moving horizontally through the medium?

    <p>Wave motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a pulse?

    <p>It moves through a medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the maximum disturbance or distance the medium is displaced from its rest position?

    <p>Amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a transverse pulse, what is the direction of motion of the particles relative to the direction of the pulse?

    <p>Perpendicular to the direction of the pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the amplitude of a pulse?

    <p>Meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the measurement of how long the pulse is from one end to the other?

    <p>Pulse length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of flicking the rope in the investigation of pulses?

    <p>To create a single disturbance that moves through a medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between a pulse and a wave?

    <p>A pulse is a single disturbance, while a wave is a series of disturbances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the pulse length and amplitude of a pulse?

    <p>The pulse length and amplitude are independent of each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for amplitude?

    <p>Metre (m)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate pulse speed?

    <p>v = D ÷ t</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when two pulses meet and their disturbances add together to create a larger pulse?

    <p>Constructive interference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of pulse speed?

    <p>The distance a pulse travels per unit time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of superposition?

    <p>When two pulses meet, the resulting disturbance is the sum of the two disturbances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a transverse wave?

    <p>A wave where the motion of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of the wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of destructive interference?

    <p>When two pulses meet and their disturbances combine to form a smaller pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of two pulses meeting with equal and opposite amplitudes?

    <p>The pulses cancel each other out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a pulse?

    <p>A single disturbance that travels through a medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What remains constant over time for a pulse?

    <p>Amplitude and pulse length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of measuring the distance from the equilibrium position to each crest and trough?

    <p>To determine the amplitude of the wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of points in phase on a wave?

    <p>They experience their crests, troughs, and intermediate points simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the wavelength of a wave equal to?

    <p>The distance between two adjacent points in phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of constructive interference between two waves?

    <p>A wave with a larger amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the period of a wave represented by?

    <p>The symbol T</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the energy of a wave?

    <p>The amplitude of the wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of points out of phase on a wave?

    <p>Points that are not separated by an integer multiple of wavelengths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of amplitude in understanding wave behavior?

    <p>It indicates the energy of the wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of destructive interference between two waves?

    <p>A wave with a smaller amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the period of a wave?

    <p>Seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for sound waves to travel faster in denser media?

    <p>Particles are closer together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physical quantity that represents the time taken for one complete cycle of a wave to pass a given point?

    <p>Period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the experiment to measure the speed of sound, what is a major source of error?

    <p>Human reaction time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A wave has a frequency of 20 Hz. What is the period of the wave?

    <p>0.05 s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of SONAR in ships?

    <p>To determine the depth of the ocean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency range of human hearing?

    <p>20 Hz to 20,000 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the wavelength and frequency of a wave?

    <p>Wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of echolocation in animals?

    <p>To navigate and form a picture of surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A wave has a wavelength of 2 m and a frequency of 5 Hz. What is the speed of the wave?

    <p>10 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are closest together?

    <p>Compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the wavelength of a sound wave?

    <p>λ = v/f</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the speed of sound in air?

    <p>It increases the speed of sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for wave speed in the International System of Units (SI)?

    <p>m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a higher frequency in a wave?

    <p>Higher energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of measuring the speed of sound in different materials?

    <p>To understand the properties of the material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between period and frequency of a wave?

    <p>Period is inversely proportional to frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a sound wave that determines its pitch?

    <p>Frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of wave speed?

    <p>The distance a wave travels per unit time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for sound waves with frequencies below 20 Hz?

    <p>Infrasounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are furthest apart?

    <p>Rarefaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of wavelength in a longitudinal wave?

    <p>The distance between two consecutive compressions or two consecutive rarefactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the period and frequency of a wave?

    <p>The period is inversely proportional to the frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for wave speed?

    <p>Meters per second (m/s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of amplitude in a longitudinal wave?

    <p>The maximum displacement from equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the speed of a longitudinal wave?

    <p>v = λf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the speed of sound?

    <p>The speed of sound increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a rarefaction in a longitudinal wave?

    <p>A region where the particles are furthest apart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for frequency?

    <p>Hertz (Hz)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of period in a longitudinal wave?

    <p>The time taken by the wave to move one wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the density of a medium affect the speed of sound?

    <p>The speed of sound increases with increasing density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following properties of electromagnetic radiation is responsible for its ability to travel through the vacuum of space?

    <p>Its particle-like nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the concept that electromagnetic radiation can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties?

    <p>Wave-particle duality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following applications of electromagnetic radiation is NOT correct?

    <p>Gamma rays are used in cooking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the oscillating electric field (E) and magnetic field (B) in electromagnetic wave propagation?

    <p>E and B are perpendicular to each other and to the direction of wave propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a wave-like property of electromagnetic radiation?

    <p>Conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum?

    <p>3 × 10^8 meters per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of acceleration on charged particles in electromagnetic wave propagation?

    <p>It creates oscillating electric and magnetic fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of electromagnetic radiation exhibiting particle-like behavior?

    <p>The photoelectric effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle behind the propagation of electromagnetic waves?

    <p>Mutual induction between electric and magnetic fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the phenomenon where light bends and creates patterns of constructive and destructive interference?

    <p>Diffraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum frequency of sound waves that can be heard by certain animals like dogs, dolphins, and bats?

    <p>20 kHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of cleaning in ultrasonic cleaners?

    <p>Energy released from the collapse of microscopic bubbles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency range used in material testing applications of ultrasound?

    <p>50-500 kHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle behind ultrasound imaging in medical applications?

    <p>Reflection of ultrasound waves at boundaries between different tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate speed of light in a vacuum?

    <p>3 × 10^8 meters per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of electromagnetic radiation that allows it to exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior?

    <p>Dual nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the range of electromagnetic radiation types, including visible light and beyond?

    <p>Electromagnetic spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ultrasound in pest control, according to some claims?

    <p>To deter rodents and insects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency range used in welding of plastics applications of ultrasound?

    <p>15-40 kHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of ultrasound in physical therapy?

    <p>Generation of localized heat in biological tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between gamma rays and X-rays?

    <p>Wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of wavelengths for ultraviolet light?

    <p>Ten to four hundred nanometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelengths and lowest frequencies?

    <p>Radio waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of infrared radiation in night vision equipment?

    <p>To detect heat differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the frequency and wavelength of an electromagnetic wave?

    <p>Frequency increases as wavelength decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the visible spectrum?

    <p>It is the range of wavelengths visible to humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the equation c = f * ?

    <p>It shows the relationship between frequency and wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the electromagnetic spectrum classify radiation?

    <p>By their frequency and wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the electromagnetic spectrum that means there are no gaps between different types of radiation?

    <p>It is continuous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of X-rays in medical imaging?

    <p>They have high energy and penetrating power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why visible light is mostly reflected off the skin's surface and does not penetrate deeply?

    <p>It is a type of electromagnetic radiation with low penetrating power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why gamma rays are used in medical treatments for cancer?

    <p>They have high energy and can penetrate deeply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between UVA and UVB rays in terms of their effects on biological tissues?

    <p>UVA penetrates deeply, while UVB causes immediate damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why the World Health Organization recommends minimizing exposure to microwave radiation?

    <p>There is inconclusive evidence linking it to brain cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of ionizing radiation that makes it hazardous to biological tissues?

    <p>It has high energy and can ionize atoms and molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why X-rays are used extensively in medical imaging?

    <p>They have high energy and can penetrate soft tissues and bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>It filters out UVB radiation, protecting living organisms from its detrimental effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why gamma rays are hazardous to biological tissues?

    <p>They have high energy and can cause significant damage to internal organs and DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between non-ionizing and ionizing radiation?

    <p>Non-ionizing radiation has low energy, while ionizing radiation has high energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why X-rays can cause cellular damage with prolonged exposure?

    <p>They have high energy and can cause cellular damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a pulse?

    <p>A single disturbance that moves through a medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of motion of particles in a transverse pulse?

    <p>Perpendicular to the direction of the pulse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between amplitude and pulse length?

    <p>Amplitude is independent of pulse length.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the investigation involving flicking a rope?

    <p>To demonstrate the concept of a transverse pulse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for amplitude?

    <p>Metres (m).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a transverse pulse?

    <p>A pulse where particles move perpendicular to the direction of the pulse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the amplitude of a pulse?

    <p>The pulse length remains constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes a pulse from a wave?

    <p>Single disturbance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of measuring the distance from the equilibrium position to each crest and trough in understanding wave behavior?

    <p>It measures the maximum displacement of the wave in both upward and downward directions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of points in phase on a wave?

    <p>They reach their maximum and minimum displacements at the same time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the frequency and period of a wave?

    <p>They are inversely proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of the wavelength of a wave?

    <p>The distance between any two adjacent points that are in phase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for wave speed in the International System of Units (SI)?

    <p>Meter per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of constructive interference between two waves?

    <p>The amplitude of the wave increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of wave speed?

    <p>The distance a wave travels per unit time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation that relates wave speed, wavelength, and frequency?

    <p>v = λf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the energy of a wave?

    <p>The amplitude of the wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are furthest apart?

    <p>Rarefaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of points out of phase on a wave?

    <p>Points that experience different parts of the wave cycle at any given moment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding period and frequency in various fields of physics and engineering?

    <p>They help describe the behavior of different types of waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of amplitude in understanding wave behavior?

    <p>It measures the energy of the wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of destructive interference between two waves?

    <p>The wave cancels out altogether.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the energy of a wave and its frequency?

    <p>The energy of a wave is directly proportional to its frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for frequency in the International System of Units (SI)?

    <p>Hertz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the period of a wave?

    <p>Seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physical quantity that represents the time taken for one complete cycle of a wave to pass a given point?

    <p>Period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of period?

    <p>The time taken for one complete cycle of a wave to pass a given point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation that relates frequency and period?

    <p>f = 1/T</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes a pulse from a wave?

    <p>A pulse has a definite start and end, while a wave is continuous.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of superposition when two pulses with equal and opposite amplitudes meet?

    <p>The pulses cancel each other out, resulting in no disturbance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why the speed of sound in air is approximately 344 m/s at sea level and 21°C?

    <p>The air pressure is higher at sea level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of measuring the amplitude of a pulse?

    <p>To determine the energy transferred by the pulse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of sound waves that allows them to travel faster in denser media?

    <p>The particles of the medium are closer together in denser media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the pulse length and amplitude of a pulse?

    <p>The pulse length and amplitude are independent of each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of calculating the wavelength of sound waves using the formula λ = v / f?

    <p>To understand the properties of sound waves in different species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of increasing the amplitude of a pulse?

    <p>The energy transferred by the pulse increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between infrasound and ultrasound?

    <p>Infrasound has a lower frequency than ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a transverse wave?

    <p>The particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of the wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a stopwatch in the informal experiment to measure the speed of sound?

    <p>To record the time taken for the sound wave to travel a certain distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of constructive interference between two pulses?

    <p>A pulse with a larger amplitude is formed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of an echo?

    <p>It is a reflected sound wave that is heard after the original sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the principle of superposition?

    <p>To describe the interaction between two or more waves or pulses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for pulse speed?

    <p>Metre per second (m/s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using SONAR in ships?

    <p>To calculate the distance to the seabed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the pulse speed of a pulse?

    <p>v = D/t</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why animals like dolphins and bats use echolocation?

    <p>To navigate their surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the amplitude and loudness of a sound wave?

    <p>The amplitude of a sound wave determines its loudness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of the oscillatory motion of particles in a transverse wave?

    <p>The particles move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a sound wave with a higher frequency?

    <p>It has a higher pitch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the distance between two consecutive crests or troughs in a transverse wave?

    <p>Wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the amplitude of a transverse wave on the energy transferred by the wave?

    <p>The energy transferred by the wave increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the motion of the wave itself through the medium?

    <p>Wave motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the crests and troughs in a transverse wave?

    <p>Crests are the highest points and troughs are the lowest points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using an online simulation to understand transverse waves?

    <p>To visualize the motion of particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the maximum displacement of the medium from its equilibrium position?

    <p>Amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the particles in a transverse wave at the crest?

    <p>They are at their maximum positive displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of understanding the motion of particles in a transverse wave?

    <p>To understand how energy is transmitted through the wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the amplitude and energy of a transverse wave?

    <p>The energy of the wave increases as the amplitude increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from one to ten nanometers and frequencies between 3 × 10^17 and 3 × 10^19 Hz?

    <p>X-rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies?

    <p>Gamma rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of ultraviolet light in the treatment of certain skin conditions?

    <p>Therapeutic treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula that represents the relationship between the speed, frequency, and wavelength of an electromagnetic wave?

    <p>c = f × λ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of wavelengths for visible light?

    <p>400 to 700 nanometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of microwaves in cooking?

    <p>Heating food quickly and efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the electromagnetic spectrum?

    <p>Continuous and infinite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of frequencies for infrared radiation?

    <p>3 × 10^12 to 4.3 × 10^19 Hz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of gamma rays in food sterilization?

    <p>Eliminating bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths greater than one hundred million nanometers and frequencies below 3 × 10^9 Hz?

    <p>Radio waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of electromagnetic radiation that allows it to travel through a vacuum?

    <p>It has a dual nature, exhibiting both wave-like and particle-like properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the behavior of electromagnetic radiation where it exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties?

    <p>Wave-particle duality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of X-rays and gamma rays in medical diagnostics?

    <p>Medical imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the phenomenon where light bends and creates patterns of constructive and destructive interference when passing through a narrow slit or encountering an obstacle?

    <p>Diffraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum?

    <p>3 × 10^8 meters per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process where a changing electric field generates a magnetic field, and a changing magnetic field generates an electric field?

    <p>Mutual induction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are furthest apart?

    <p>Rarefaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the direction of light wave oscillation?

    <p>Transverse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distance between two consecutive points that are in phase in a longitudinal wave?

    <p>Wavelength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum displacement from equilibrium in a longitudinal wave?

    <p>Amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of infrared radiation in everyday technology?

    <p>Remote controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time taken by a wave to move one wavelength?

    <p>Period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the phenomenon where light passes from one medium to another and changes speed and direction?

    <p>Refraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the period and frequency of a wave?

    <p>Frequency is inversely proportional to period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the generation of electromagnetic waves by accelerating charges?

    <p>Electromagnetic wave propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the wave speed of a longitudinal wave?

    <p>v = λf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the temperature on the speed of sound in a medium?

    <p>The speed of sound increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for ultrasound being used in medical imaging?

    <p>To visualize internal structures due to the reflection of ultrasound waves at boundaries between different tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the energy of a longitudinal wave?

    <p>Amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of frequencies used in ultrasonic cleaners?

    <p>20-40 kHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the range of electromagnetic radiation types, including visible light and others?

    <p>Electromagnetic spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the wavelength and frequency of a longitudinal wave?

    <p>Wavelength is inversely proportional to frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speed of light in a vacuum, approximately?

    <p>3 x 10^8 meters per second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the wave speed of a longitudinal wave?

    <p>Meters per second (m/s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of ultrasound in physical therapy?

    <p>To generate localized heat in biological tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency range of ultrasound used in material testing?

    <p>50-500 kHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of ultrasound imaging?

    <p>Transmission of sound waves into the body, with reflection at boundaries between different tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the frequency range of human hearing?

    <p>20 Hz to 20 kHz</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of ultrasound in welding of plastics?

    <p>To generate localized heat through high-frequency vibrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the property of electromagnetic radiation that allows it to exhibit particle-like behavior?

    <p>Particle nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why X-rays are used in medical imaging?

    <p>Because they can penetrate soft tissues and bones, allowing for detailed internal imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between UVA and UVB rays?

    <p>UVA rays penetrate deeper into the skin, while UVB rays are mostly reflected off the skin's surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding microwave radiation from mobile phones?

    <p>That it can cause cancer and other health issues with prolonged exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere?

    <p>To filter out UV radiation and allow only visible light to pass through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of ionizing radiation?

    <p>It has enough energy to ionize atoms and molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using gamma rays in medical treatments?

    <p>They can target and destroy cancer cells with precise control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding X-rays?

    <p>That they can cause cellular damage with prolonged exposure, increasing cancer risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between gamma rays and X-rays?

    <p>Gamma rays have higher energy and can penetrate deeper into the body, while X-rays have lower energy and can only penetrate soft tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why non-ionizing radiation is considered less harmful?

    <p>Because it does not have enough energy to ionize atoms and molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding the use of gamma rays in medical treatments?

    <p>That they can cause significant collateral damage to healthy tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a pulse that distinguishes it from a wave?

    <p>It has a single disturbance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the measurement of the maximum disturbance or distance the medium is displaced from its rest position?

    <p>Amplitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of particle motion in a transverse pulse?

    <p>Perpendicular to the direction of motion of the pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the investigation of pulses using a rope?

    <p>To demonstrate the concept of a pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the amplitude and pulse length of a pulse?

    <p>The amplitude is independent of the pulse length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the pulse length?

    <p>Meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a pulse that is important for understanding its properties?

    <p>Amplitude and pulse length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a transverse pulse and a transverse wave?

    <p>A transverse pulse has a single disturbance, while a transverse wave has a continuous disturbance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why the particles of the medium do not move horizontally with the wave in a transverse wave?

    <p>Because the particles are oscillating perpendicularly to the direction of the wave's travel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the amplitude of a wave in understanding its behavior?

    <p>It measures the energy carried by the wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the crests and troughs of a transverse wave?

    <p>Crests are the highest points, and troughs are the lowest points on a wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the particles of the medium oscillating perpendicularly to the direction of the wave's travel?

    <p>The wave propagates horizontally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of observing the oscillation of particles in a transverse wave simulation?

    <p>To distinguish between particle motion and wave motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the particles of the medium at the points of maximum displacement?

    <p>They are oscillating perpendicularly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of measuring the distance from the equilibrium position to each crest and trough?

    <p>To determine the amplitude of the wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the concept of wave motion in understanding transverse waves?

    <p>It distinguishes the wave from the particle motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the distance from the equilibrium position to a crest and the distance from the equilibrium position to a trough?

    <p>The distance to a crest is equal to the distance to a trough</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the crest and trough of a transverse wave in terms of displacement?

    <p>The crest has a maximum positive displacement, and the trough has a maximum negative displacement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a transverse wave?

    <p>The particles of the medium oscillate perpendicularly to the direction of the wave's travel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of points in phase experiencing their crests, troughs, and all intermediate points simultaneously?

    <p>They oscillate together, reaching their maximum and minimum displacements at the same time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the wave propagating horizontally through the medium?

    <p>The energy is transmitted horizontally through the medium.</p>