Waves and Light: Speed and Reflection
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the cladding in an optical fiber?

  • To absorb excess light energy
  • To reduce the refractive index difference between the core and the surrounding environment (correct)
  • To focus light onto the core
  • To provide mechanical strength to the fiber

    • What is the name of the phenomenon that occurs when waves encounter obstacles or pass through small openings, causing them to spread out?

  • Diffraction (correct)
  • Dispersion
  • Interference
  • Refraction

    • What is the term for the dependence of light's speed on its wavelength in a medium?

  • Dispersion (correct)
  • Total Internal Reflection
  • Refraction
  • Diffraction

    • What is the condition required for observable interference patterns to occur?

    <p>Waves must have the same frequency and a fixed phase relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another?

    <p>Refraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of interference occurs when two waves are completely out of phase (by λ/2 or λ/2)?

    <p>Destructive Interference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a wave that distinguishes it from the transportation of matter?

    <p>It transfers energy but not matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of electromagnetic radiation?

    <p>It consists of interacting electric and magnetic fields that propagate at the speed of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the speed of a wave in a given medium?

    <p>The wavelength and frequency of the wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept behind the construction of a new wave front based on the previous wave front’s knowledge?

    <p>Huygens' principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when light travels from one medium to another and changes direction due to a change in speed?

    <p>Refraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between electric and magnetic fields in electromagnetic waves?

    <p>Electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other and oscillate in phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the critical angle in total internal reflection?

    <p>The angle beyond which all light is reflected back into the denser medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of wave propagation in electromagnetic waves?

    <p>Perpendicular to both electric and magnetic fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the optical density of a medium?

    <p>The ability of the medium to absorb the energy of an electromagnetic wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition for generating electromagnetic waves?

    <p>Periodically accelerating charges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reflection occurs when light reflects off a rough surface and scatters in various directions?

    <p>Diffuse reflection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the summary of Maxwell's work on electromagnetic radiation?

    <p>A changing magnetic field induces an electric field, and a changing electric field induces a magnetic field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why the number of nodal lines increases as the frequency of the sources increases?

    <p>The wavelength of the sources decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept that explains why we can hear sounds even when the source is not directly visible?

    <p>Diffraction of sound waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Newton's particle theory of light, what is the primary characteristic of light particles?

    <p>They have maximum velocity and kinetic energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle that supports the wave theory of light?

    <p>Huygens' Principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of changing the relative phase of the sources in a two-source interference pattern?

    <p>The position of the nodal lines changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle used to determine the wavelength and other properties of waves from measurements of angles and distances in interference patterns?

    <p>The theory of triangles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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