Wave Phenomena and Light Dispersion

A wave is a disturbance that carries energy from one place to another.

Monochromatic light primarily depends on its wavelength.

Polarisation can distinguish between transverse and longitudinal waves.

<p>Constructive interference occurs when multiple waves lead to a resultant wave of greater amplitude than the source waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Destructive interference is defined as when the resultant wave has a smaller amplitude than the source waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dispersion of light refers to the separation of light into its wavelengths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longitudinal waves cannot undergo polarisation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wave-particle duality means that light can be described as both a wave and a particle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During interference, waves combine to form a new wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The color of light is dependent on the wavelength of the light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They produce a secondary colour.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Yellow, cyan, and magenta.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Refraction causes light to bend at different angles, separating it into its component colours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The collimator helps to align light beams so they can be analysed properly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X-rays, Ultraviolet waves, Visible light, Radio waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A primary and secondary colour that combine to give white light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps check for defects and inconsistencies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longer wavelengths are refracted less than shorter wavelengths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A rainbow forms when sunlight is refracted and dispersed by moisture in the atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sin θ = opposite/hypotenuse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It enhances the accuracy of angle measurements to the nearest minute or with one or two decimal places.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An interference pattern of bright and dark fringes is observed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can be concluded that light is a wave motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The distance is given by $d = \frac{1}{200 \text{ lines/mm}}$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The interference pattern spreads out, increasing the distance between the fringes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pattern becomes narrower, with closer fringes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Visible light ranges from approximately 400 nm to 700 nm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electric and magnetic fields vibrate at right angles to each other and to the direction of wave propagation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ultraviolet (UV) radiation and X-rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interference occurs, resulting in a pattern of bright and dark fringes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The wavelength can be calculated using the formula $n\lambda = d\sin(\theta)$, where $ heta$ is the angle of the observed bright fringe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constructive interference leads to bright fringes, while destructive interference causes dark fringes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The spacing of bright fringes increases as the grating constant $d$ decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A spectrometer aligns and measures the angle of light through diffraction using adjustable components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The zero-order image is the central bright fringe, representing no path difference between the waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first-order image occurs at a path difference of $\lambda$, and the second at $2\lambda$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The observed diffraction and interference patterns of light could only be explained by its wave nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The grating constant $d$ is inversely proportional to the number of lines per millimeter $N$, calculated as $d = \frac{1}{N} \times 10^{-3}$ m.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The highest order image is 4.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Double-slit experiment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Huygens suggested that light behaves as a wave, while Newton suggested it consists of particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coherent light sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It produces a series of bright and dark fringes due to interference of light waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The behavior of light as a wave or particle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Light is composed of individual particles called corpuscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To account for wave-like behaviors such as diffraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can travel through a vacuum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The distance between the fringes increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffraction and interference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By changing the wavelength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It makes the fringes closer together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>400 nm to 700 nm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It relates the wavelength of light to the spacing of the fringes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pattern spacing decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gamma rays have higher energy than visible light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infrared radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Destructive interference</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Distance between two adjacent slits</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$nλ = d imes sin(θ)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The central brightest fringe</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By rotating the turntable and using the Vernier scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collimator</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Order of the observed image</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Set the spectrometer to normal light conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The spacing between bright fringes increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vernier scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Path difference increases with angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thomas Young's experiment demonstrated that light undergoes diffraction and interference, phenomena indicative of wave behavior, providing strong evidence against Newton's particle theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Newton's Corpuscular Theory proposed that light consists of small particles emitted from sources, while Huygens' Wave Theory suggested that light behaves as a wave propagating through space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Young used a double-slit setup, resulting in a pattern of bright and dark fringes on a screen due to constructive and destructive interference of light waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffraction is the spreading of light waves as they pass through gaps, demonstrated in Young's experiment when light passing through the slits created distinct interference fringes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constructive interference leads to bright fringes and destructive interference causes dark fringes, both observed in experiments, thus supporting Huygens' assertion that light behaves as a wave.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Coherent light sources maintain a constant phase difference, necessary for producing clear interference patterns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Huygens proposed that light behaves as a wave, while Newton suggested it consists of particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffraction demonstrates that waves can bend around obstacles and spread out, which is a behavior characteristic of waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows for the consideration that light can propagate without the need for a medium, supporting wave theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The double-slit experiment shows wave interference patterns when light acts as a wave, yet can also exhibit particle-like properties when detected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It could not adequately explain wave phenomena such as diffraction and interference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Huygens' principle states that every point on a wavefront can be considered a source of secondary waves, helping to explain how waves spread.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffraction patterns indicate that light behaves as a wave, demonstrated by the patterns of light and dark fringes created.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing the distance between the slits causes the fringes to become closer together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The spacing between the bright fringes decreases when shorter wavelengths of light are used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The grating constant relates the wavelength of light to the spacing of the interference fringes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffraction and interference occur when light passes through a pair of narrow slits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is determined by rotating the turntable and using the Vernier scale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dark fringes are caused by destructive interference of light waves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The visible spectrum ranges from 400 nm to 700 nm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infrared radiation is commonly used in everyday remote controls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The spectrometer should be set to normal light conditions before use.</p> Signup and view all the answers