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Questions and Answers
What has drought conditions brought to the minds of water supply managers?
What has drought conditions brought to the minds of water supply managers?
What percent of the water either evaporates immediately or runs off eventually into the oceans?
What percent of the water either evaporates immediately or runs off eventually into the oceans?
What is the definition of ‘Acid Rain’?
What is the definition of ‘Acid Rain’?
What is the impact of acid rain on precipitation?
What is the impact of acid rain on precipitation?
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Why must groundwater produced by wells be tested regularly?
Why must groundwater produced by wells be tested regularly?
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What is the current attitude towards water usage in America?
What is the current attitude towards water usage in America?
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What is the definition of 'Raw Water'?
What is the definition of 'Raw Water'?
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What is the primary purpose of valves in a distribution system?
What is the primary purpose of valves in a distribution system?
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What do surface waters require treatment to remove?
What do surface waters require treatment to remove?
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What are the seven uses of reclaimed wastewater?
What are the seven uses of reclaimed wastewater?
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What is the primary concern of the operators of water treatment plants and water distribution systems?
What is the primary concern of the operators of water treatment plants and water distribution systems?
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What is the general term used to describe the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of a water supply?
What is the general term used to describe the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of a water supply?
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What are groundwater springs called when they flow from the ground naturally?
What are groundwater springs called when they flow from the ground naturally?
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'Raw Water' refers to:
'Raw Water' refers to:
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'Water quality' primarily aims to deliver water that is:
'Water quality' primarily aims to deliver water that is:
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What is the purpose of a distribution system in the waterworks industry?
What is the purpose of a distribution system in the waterworks industry?
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What are source waters like after their passage over or through the ground?
What are source waters like after their passage over or through the ground?
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What does a distribution system consist of?
What does a distribution system consist of?
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How many parts has the water supply system been divided into?
How many parts has the water supply system been divided into?
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How is water usually transported from its source to the water treatment plant?
How is water usually transported from its source to the water treatment plant?
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What is the overall rate at which water evaporates from the ocean annually?
What is the overall rate at which water evaporates from the ocean annually?
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What is the definition of 'Direct Runoff'?
What is the definition of 'Direct Runoff'?
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What is the danger associated with using ponds, lakes, or open reservoirs as sources of water supply?
What is the danger associated with using ponds, lakes, or open reservoirs as sources of water supply?
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Where do many of the largest cities in the world depend on for their water supplies?
Where do many of the largest cities in the world depend on for their water supplies?
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What is 'Stratification' in the context of lakes and reservoirs?
What is 'Stratification' in the context of lakes and reservoirs?
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What are lakes and reservoirs susceptible to, especially after fall or spring overturns?
What are lakes and reservoirs susceptible to, especially after fall or spring overturns?
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Why are water supplies drawn from large lakes and reservoirs through multilevel intake facilities generally of good quality?
Why are water supplies drawn from large lakes and reservoirs through multilevel intake facilities generally of good quality?
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What is 'Algae' in the context of bodies of water?
What is 'Algae' in the context of bodies of water?
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What is the upper surface of the zone of saturation of groundwater called if not confined by impermeable material?
What is the upper surface of the zone of saturation of groundwater called if not confined by impermeable material?
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From where does the name 'artesian' come?
From where does the name 'artesian' come?
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Study Notes
Water Supply Management
- Drought conditions have brought water conservation and efficient use of water resources to the minds of water supply managers.
Water Cycle
- 70% of the water either evaporates immediately or runs off eventually into the oceans.
- The overall rate at which water evaporates from the ocean annually is 500,000 km³.
Acid Rain
- Acid rain is defined as precipitation that has a pH level below 5.6.
- Acid rain impacts precipitation by increasing its acidity, which can harm aquatic life and infrastructure.
Groundwater and Wells
- Groundwater produced by wells must be tested regularly to ensure its quality and safety.
- The upper surface of the zone of saturation of groundwater is called the water table if not confined by impermeable material.
Water Usage and Attitudes
- The current attitude towards water usage in America is one of conservation and efficient use.
- The general term used to describe the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of a water supply is water quality.
Raw Water
- Raw water refers to untreated water that is collected from natural sources such as rivers, lakes, and underground aquifers.
- Raw water is water that is not treated or processed for human consumption.
Distribution Systems
- The primary purpose of valves in a distribution system is to control the flow of water.
- A distribution system consists of a network of pipes, pumps, and valves that transport water from the treatment plant to consumers.
- The purpose of a distribution system in the waterworks industry is to deliver safe and reliable water to consumers.
Surface Water Treatment
- Surface waters require treatment to remove pollutants, sediment, and other contaminants.
- Source waters are filtered and treated to remove impurities and make them safe for human consumption.
Reclaimed Wastewater
- The seven uses of reclaimed wastewater are: agriculture, toilet flushing, industrial processes, groundwater recharge, environmental restoration, recreational impoundments, and potable water supplies.
Water Treatment and Distribution
- The primary concern of the operators of water treatment plants and water distribution systems is to deliver safe and reliable water to consumers.
- The primary concern of water treatment plants is to remove contaminants and pollutants from raw water.
Groundwater and Springs
- Groundwater springs that flow from the ground naturally are called artesian springs.
- The name "artesian" comes from the French province of Artois, where the first artesian wells were drilled.
Lakes and Reservoirs
- Many of the largest cities in the world depend on lakes and reservoirs for their water supplies.
- Lakes and reservoirs are susceptible to stratification, especially after fall or spring overturns.
- Stratification in lakes and reservoirs refers to the formation of layers with different temperatures and densities.
- Water supplies drawn from large lakes and reservoirs through multilevel intake facilities are generally of good quality.
- Algae are simple aquatic plants that can grow in bodies of water.
- The danger associated with using ponds, lakes, or open reservoirs as sources of water supply is the risk of contamination from runoff, algae, and other pollutants.
Water Supply System
- The water supply system has been divided into three parts: source, treatment, and distribution.
- Water is usually transported from its source to the water treatment plant through pipes or canals.
- Direct runoff is defined as precipitation that runs off the land surface into nearby water bodies.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Chapter 1: Introduction to Water Distribution with this quiz. Questions cover topics such as water conservation, precipitation, and water supply management.
