Water Treatment and Purification Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is considered a soluble impurity in natural water?

  • Plant debris
  • Sand
  • Mineral salts (correct)
  • Silt

All impurities in natural water are harmful and require purification.

False (B)

What is one reason purification of natural water is necessary?

To remove harmful impurities and microorganisms.

___ and microorganisms are present in natural water and can be harmful to health.

<p>Impurities</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following impurities in natural water with their classification:

<p>Mineral salts = Soluble Sand = Insoluble Plant debris = Insoluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of disinfection does not leave a bad smell in treated water?

<p>Ozone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chlorination can cause eye and skin irritation if too much chlorine is present in the water.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using ultraviolet light in water treatment?

<p>To kill microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ozone can cause __________ and shortness of breath when inhaled.

<p>chest pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the disinfection method with its characteristic effect:

<p>Chlorination = Irritating smell Ozone = No bad smell Ultraviolet light = Used in water dispensers Chlorination and Ozone = Sterilizes water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in the water treatment process helps remove large objects from the water?

<p>Filtration through screens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chlorine is added to water primarily to enhance its flavor.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What substance is added during the water treatment process to help prevent tooth decay?

<p>Fluoride</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wastewater must be treated to remove harmful substances before it is discharged into the ______.

<p>seas</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following causes of water pollution with their descriptions:

<p>Discharging wastewater = Direct release into water bodies Littering = Incorrect disposal of waste materials Oil spills = Accidental release of oil into water Agricultural runoff = Pesticides and fertilizers entering water systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect can swimming in polluted water have?

<p>Skin and eye diseases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eating seafood from contaminated water can lead to diseases like cholera.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one common source of water pollution.

<p>Waste water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Algal blooms can cause a depletion of ______ in water, affecting aquatic life.

<p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the pollutants with their harmful effects:

<p>Waste water = Contains harmful microorganisms Detergents and Fertilizers = Promote algae growth Algae = Can deplete oxygen in water Polluted seafood = Can cause disease in humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding alum during the sedimentation process?

<p>To help remove fine suspended solid impurities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In filtration, only substances that are larger than the filter pores can pass through.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the liquid that passes through the filter during the filtration process?

<p>filtrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

During sedimentation, impurities in the water sink to the bottom and form a layer of ______.

<p>sediment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the materials used in a filter with their descriptions:

<p>Fine sand = Used for filtering small particles Coarse sand = Used for initial filtration of larger particles Cotton wool = Used for fine filtration Rock chips = Used to provide structural support in the filter</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of fluoridation?

<p>It strengthens tooth enamel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fluoridation is only beneficial for children.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two sources of drinking water in Hong Kong?

<p>Rainwater and impounding reservoirs from the Dongjiang</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of adding fluoride to drinking water is known as __________.

<p>fluoridation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following steps of water treatment with their functions:

<p>Sedimentation = Removes larger particles from water Fluoridation = Strengthens tooth enamel Filtration = Cleans the water by removing smaller particles Adding chlorine = Kills bacteria and other pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which water purification method is effective in removing microorganisms?

<p>Distillation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chlorination is a process that involves adding ozone to water.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of water purification involves allowing suspended particles to settle?

<p>Sedimentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding fluoride to water?

<p>To prevent tooth decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

In water purification, the process that allows heavy insoluble impurities to settle at the bottom is called ______.

<p>sedimentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adding ozone to water is a method of purification that does not kill microorganisms.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following water purification methods with their description:

<p>Sedimentation = Impurities sink to the bottom Filtration = Residue remains on the filter paper Distillation = Converting water to steam and back Chlorination = Adding chlorine to kill microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of chlorination in water purification?

<p>To kill microorganisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of __________ involves separating water from impurities by heating and condensing.

<p>distillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following water purification methods with their appropriate descriptions:

<p>Sedimentation = Allows suspended particles to settle Filtration = Passes water through a filter to remove impurities UV light = Uses ultraviolet light to kill microorganisms Fluoridation = Adds fluoride to help prevent tooth decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major consequence of oil spills in water bodies?

<p>They block sunlight reaching underwater plants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemicals from factories can be toxic and harmful if ingested.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one action individuals can take to control water pollution?

<p>Not throwing rubbish into rivers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Plastics break down into __________, which can harm marine life.

<p>microplastics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of waste with its impact on water ecosystems:

<p>Solid Waste = Can cause animal deaths by ingestion or entrapment Oil = Blocks oxygen and affects sea animals' ability to hunt Chemicals = Can be toxic and harmful to living beings Plastic = Breaks down into microplastics that obstruct digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of distillation in purifying sea water?

<p>To remove soluble and insoluble impurities from water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The distillation process includes boiling the water to convert it into steam.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the pure water collected after the distillation process?

<p>distillate</p> Signup and view all the answers

During distillation, only ______ turns into steam while impurities remain in the round-bottom flask.

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of a distillation apparatus with their functions:

<p>Round-bottom flask = Heats the sea water Condenser = Cools steam to convert it back to liquid Thermometer = Measures the temperature of the water Distillate outlet = Collects the final purified water</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Soluble Impurities

Substances that dissolve in water, like mineral salts. They can't be seen with the naked eye.

Insoluble Impurities

Substances that don't dissolve in water, like sand or plant debris. They can be seen with the naked eye.

Microorganisms in Water

Tiny living things in water, like bacteria and viruses. They can be harmful to our health.

Water Purification

The process of removing harmful impurities and microorganisms from natural water.

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Why is Water Purification Necessary?

Natural water, without any purification, may contain impurities that can be harmful.

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What is the first step of water treatment?

The process of removing impurities from water by filtering through screens to remove large objects like debris.

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What is alum used for in water treatment?

Alum is a chemical added to water that causes small particles to clump together, making them easier to remove.

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What is sedimentation in water treatment?

Heavier particles settle to the bottom of the water due to gravity, removing some impurities.

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What is chlorine's role in water treatment?

Chlorine is a powerful disinfectant that kills harmful bacteria and microorganisms.

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Why is fluoride added to water?

Fluoride is added to drinking water to strengthen teeth and prevent tooth decay.

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Chlorine

A chemical used to kill microorganisms in water, commonly used in water treatment plants and swimming pools.

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Chlorination

A method of disinfecting water by adding chlorine to it.

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Ozone

A powerful disinfectant used in some water treatment plants and swimming pools.

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Ultraviolet (UV) Light

A method of killing microorganisms in water using UV light, commonly used in dispensers, fish tanks, and treatment plants.

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Water Treatment

The process of removing harmful substances and microorganisms from water to make it safe for use.

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Sediment

Solid impurities that sink to the bottom of the liquid, forming a layer.

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Alum

A material that helps remove fine, suspended solid impurities from water by making them clump together and settle.

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Filtration

A process that separates solid impurities from water by passing the water through a material with tiny holes.

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Pores

Tiny openings in a filter that allow only smaller substances to pass through.

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Filtrate

The liquid that passes through the filter during filtration, typically free of visible solid impurities.

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Fluoridation

Adding fluoride to drinking water to strengthen tooth enamel and prevent tooth decay.

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Sedimentation

A process where heavy particles settle at the bottom of water, removing them.

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Adding chlorine

Adding chlorine to kill harmful microorganisms in water.

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What are water pollutants?

Pollutants are substances that make water unsuitable for use. They can harm humans and the environment.

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What is wastewater pollution?

Wastewater is a major source of water pollution. It contains harmful substances like sewage and animal waste.

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How can detergents and fertilizers pollute water?

Detergents and fertilizers can cause excessive algae growth, leading to oxygen depletion in water and harm to aquatic life.

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What are the harmful effects of algae blooms?

Algae blooms can deplete oxygen levels in water, causing other aquatic life to die. They can also produce toxins that harm sea animals and humans.

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How does water pollution harm human health?

Eating seafood from polluted water can lead to diseases like cholera. Swimming in polluted water can cause skin and eye infections.

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Distillation

A process where water is boiled to create steam, which is then condensed back into liquid water, resulting in pure water.

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UV Light Treatment

The use of ultraviolet light to kill microorganisms in water.

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What are the causes of water pollution?

Human actions, such as industrial waste and agricultural runoff can contaminate water.

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Factory Waste in Water

Chemicals from factories can end up in water, harming animals and humans if they ingest them.

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Oil Spills and Marine Life

Oil spills can suffocate marine life by blocking sunlight and oxygen.

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Impact of Microplastics on Animals

Microscopic plastic pieces can harm or kill animals by clogging their digestive systems.

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Household Waste and Water Pollution

Household waste, like detergents, can pollute water sources if not disposed of properly.

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Role of Sewage Treatment Plants

Sewage treatment plants help to remove harmful substances from wastewater before it is released back into the environment.

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What is distillation?

A process that separates water from impurities by heating it until it turns into steam, then cooling the steam back into liquid water.

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What is a condenser?

A device that cools steam and turns it back into liquid water during distillation.

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What is distillate?

The purified water collected after the distillation process. It is free from salts and other impurities.

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What remains in the flask after distillation?

The heated sea water in the distillation apparatus.

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Why does distillation work?

Boiling water turns into steam, leaving salts and other impurities behind.

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Study Notes

Identifying Impurities in Water

  • Natural water contains various impurities, some are soluble and some are insoluble
  • Examples of soluble impurities include mineral salts
  • Examples of insoluble impurities include sand, plant debris

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Description

Test your knowledge on the key concepts of water treatment and purification. This quiz covers the classification of impurities in natural water, disinfection methods, and the importance of water purification for health. Dive into questions about chlorine, ultraviolet light, and other disinfection techniques.

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