10 Questions
Match the following processes with their definitions:
Evaporation = The process by which water is transformed from a liquid to a gas state Condensation = The process by which water vapor in the air is transformed back into a liquid state Precipitation = The process by which water droplets in the atmosphere fall to the Earth's surface Runoff = The process by which water flows over the land surface, ultimately returning to bodies of water
Match the following factors with the process they influence:
Temperature = Evaporation Humidity = Condensation Wind = Precipitation Topography = Runoff
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Dew point = The temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor Saturation = The state of the air when it can no longer hold any more moisture Hail = A form of precipitation that occurs when updrafts in thunderstorms carry water droplets up into the freezing level of the atmosphere Groundwater runoff = Water that flows through the soil and into aquifers
Match the following with their descriptions:
Clouds = A visible mass of water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air Fog = A type of cloud that forms at ground level Dew = Water droplets that form on surfaces through condensation Sleet = A form of precipitation that occurs when snowflakes fall through a layer of warm air
Match the following processes with the stage of the water cycle they occur in:
Evaporation = The process by which water is transferred from the Earth to the atmosphere Condensation = The process by which water vapor in the air is transformed back into a liquid state Precipitation = The process by which water droplets in the atmosphere fall to the Earth's surface Runoff = The process by which water flows over the land surface, ultimately returning to bodies of water
Match the following factors with their effects on evaporation:
Higher temperature = Increases evaporation rates Lower humidity = Allows for more evaporation Increased wind speed = Enhances evaporation Increased vegetation = Decreases evaporation
Match the following types of precipitation with their descriptions:
Rain = Precipitation that occurs when the air is warm and can hold a lot of moisture Snow = Precipitation that occurs when the air is cold and cannot hold much moisture Hail = A form of precipitation that occurs when updrafts in thunderstorms carry water droplets up into the freezing level of the atmosphere Sleet = A form of precipitation that occurs when snowflakes fall through a layer of warm air
Match the following with their effects on runoff:
Steep slopes = Increase runoff Urbanization = Increases runoff Deforestation = Increases runoff Permeable soils = Reduce runoff
Match the following with their descriptions:
Surface runoff = Water that flows over the land surface Groundwater runoff = Water that flows through the soil and into aquifers Infiltration = The process by which water seeps into the soil Percolation = The process by which water moves downward through the soil profile
Match the following factors with their effects on condensation:
Lower temperature = Increases the likelihood of condensation Higher humidity = Increases the likelihood of condensation Increased wind speed = Decreases the likelihood of condensation Increased air pressure = Decreases the likelihood of condensation
Study Notes
Water Cycle
The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle, is the continuous process by which water is circulated between the Earth and the atmosphere.
Evaporation
- The process by which water is transformed from a liquid to a gas state
- Occurs at the surface of the Earth, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, as well as on land through plants and soil
- Heat energy from the sun is absorbed by water, increasing its temperature and allowing it to evaporate
- Evaporation is increased by:
- Temperature: higher temperatures increase evaporation rates
- Humidity: lower humidity allows for more evaporation
- Wind: increased wind speed can enhance evaporation
Condensation
- The process by which water vapor in the air is transformed back into a liquid state
- Occurs when the air reaches its dew point, which is the temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor
- Condensation can occur in the atmosphere, forming clouds, fog, or dew, or on surfaces, such as windows or leaves
- Factors that influence condensation include:
- Temperature: lower temperatures increase the likelihood of condensation
- Humidity: high humidity increases the likelihood of condensation
Precipitation
- The process by which water droplets in the atmosphere fall to the Earth's surface
- Forms of precipitation include:
- Rain
- Snow
- Sleet
- Hail
- Precipitation occurs when the air is saturated with water vapor and can no longer hold any more moisture
- Factors that influence precipitation include:
- Temperature: warm air can hold more moisture, while cold air can lead to precipitation
- Humidity: high humidity increases the likelihood of precipitation
- Wind: wind patterns can influence the movement of precipitation systems
Runoff
- The process by which water flows over the land surface, ultimately returning to bodies of water
- Forms of runoff include:
- Surface runoff: water flows over the land surface
- Groundwater runoff: water flows through the soil and into aquifers
- Factors that influence runoff include:
- Topography: steep slopes can increase runoff
- Land use: urbanization and deforestation can increase runoff
- Soil type: permeable soils can reduce runoff, while impermeable soils can increase it
Water Cycle
- Water cycle is the continuous process by which water is circulated between the Earth and the atmosphere
Evaporation
- Occurs at the surface of the Earth, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, as well as on land through plants and soil
- Heat energy from the sun is absorbed by water, increasing its temperature and allowing it to evaporate
- Factors that increase evaporation rates:
- Higher temperatures
- Lower humidity
- Increased wind speed
Condensation
- Occurs when the air reaches its dew point, which is the temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor
- Can occur in the atmosphere, forming clouds, fog, or dew, or on surfaces, such as windows or leaves
- Factors that influence condensation:
- Lower temperatures
- High humidity
Precipitation
- Forms of precipitation include:
- Rain
- Snow
- Sleet
- Hail
- Occurs when the air is saturated with water vapor and can no longer hold any more moisture
- Factors that influence precipitation:
- Warm air can hold more moisture, while cold air can lead to precipitation
- High humidity increases the likelihood of precipitation
- Wind patterns can influence the movement of precipitation systems
Runoff
- Forms of runoff include:
- Surface runoff: water flows over the land surface
- Groundwater runoff: water flows through the soil and into aquifers
- Factors that influence runoff:
- Topography: steep slopes can increase runoff
- Land use: urbanization and deforestation can increase runoff
- Soil type: permeable soils can reduce runoff, while impermeable soils can increase it
Learn about the continuous process of water circulation between the Earth and the atmosphere, including evaporation, heat energy, and more.
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