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Questions and Answers
What is the primary source of energy that drives the process of evaporation?
What is the primary source of energy that drives the process of evaporation?
What is the term for the temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor and can no longer hold any more moisture?
What is the term for the temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor and can no longer hold any more moisture?
Which of the following factors increases the rate of evaporation?
Which of the following factors increases the rate of evaporation?
What is the process by which water vapor in the air is converted back into liquid water?
What is the process by which water vapor in the air is converted back into liquid water?
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What is the result of condensation?
What is the result of condensation?
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What is the process by which water droplets in the atmosphere fall to the ground?
What is the process by which water droplets in the atmosphere fall to the ground?
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What factor influences the occurrence of precipitation?
What factor influences the occurrence of precipitation?
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What is the result of the ground being saturated with water and unable to absorb any more?
What is the result of the ground being saturated with water and unable to absorb any more?
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What process releases water vapor into the air through a plant's roots, stems, and leaves?
What process releases water vapor into the air through a plant's roots, stems, and leaves?
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What is the term for the flow of water over the land surface, forming streams, rivers, and lakes?
What is the term for the flow of water over the land surface, forming streams, rivers, and lakes?
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What factor influences the rate of transpiration?
What factor influences the rate of transpiration?
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Study Notes
Evaporation
- The process by which water is converted from its liquid form to water vapor
- Occurs on the surface of the Earth, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, as well as on land, including plants and soil
- Energy from the sun heats up the water, increasing its temperature and turning it into vapor
- Evaporation is increased by:
- Higher temperatures
- Lower air pressure
- Higher humidity
- Wind
Condensation
- The process by which water vapor in the air is converted back into liquid water
- Occurs when the air reaches its dew point, which is the temperature at which the air becomes saturated with water vapor and can no longer hold any more moisture
- Condensation forms:
- Clouds
- Fog
- Dew
- Frost
- Condensation is increased by:
- Lower temperatures
- Higher humidity
- Presence of condensation nuclei (e.g. dust, salt, and pollutants)
Precipitation
- The process by which water droplets in the atmosphere fall to the ground
- Forms of precipitation include:
- Rain
- Snow
- Sleet
- Hail
- Precipitation occurs when:
- The air is cooled to its dew point
- The air is saturated with water vapor
- The water droplets in the clouds become too heavy to remain suspended
- Factors that influence precipitation include:
- Temperature
- Humidity
- Wind patterns
- Topography
Runoff
- The process by which water flows over the land surface, forming streams, rivers, and lakes
- Occurs when the ground is saturated with water and can no longer absorb any more
- Types of runoff include:
- Surface runoff
- Groundwater runoff
- Factors that influence runoff include:
- Topography
- Soil type and permeability
- Land use and land cover
- Precipitation intensity and duration
Transpiration
- The process by which plants release water vapor into the air
- Occurs through the plant's roots, stems, and leaves
- Transpiration is an important part of the water cycle, as it helps to:
- Recycle water back into the atmosphere
- Regulate the Earth's temperature
- Support plant growth and development
- Factors that influence transpiration include:
- Temperature
- Humidity
- Light intensity
- Soil moisture and availability
Evaporation
- Water is converted from liquid to water vapor on the surface of the Earth, including oceans, lakes, rivers, plants, and soil
- Energy from the sun heats up the water, increasing its temperature and turning it into vapor
- Evaporation is increased by higher temperatures, lower air pressure, higher humidity, and wind
Condensation
- Water vapor in the air is converted back into liquid water when the air reaches its dew point
- Condensation forms clouds, fog, dew, and frost
- Condensation is increased by lower temperatures, higher humidity, and the presence of condensation nuclei (e.g. dust, salt, and pollutants)
Precipitation
- Water droplets in the atmosphere fall to the ground, forming rain, snow, sleet, and hail
- Precipitation occurs when the air is cooled to its dew point, saturated with water vapor, and the water droplets in the clouds become too heavy to remain suspended
- Factors that influence precipitation include temperature, humidity, wind patterns, and topography
Runoff
- Water flows over the land surface, forming streams, rivers, and lakes, when the ground is saturated with water
- Types of runoff include surface runoff and groundwater runoff
- Factors that influence runoff include topography, soil type and permeability, land use and land cover, and precipitation intensity and duration
Transpiration
- Plants release water vapor into the air through their roots, stems, and leaves
- Transpiration helps to recycle water back into the atmosphere, regulate the Earth's temperature, and support plant growth and development
- Factors that influence transpiration include temperature, humidity, light intensity, and soil moisture and availability
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Description
Learn about the processes of evaporation and condensation, including the factors that affect them and their roles in the water cycle.
