Water Cycle and States Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a state of water in the water cycle?

  • Steam
  • Dust (correct)
  • Liquid
  • Ice

Evaporation always requires the presence of sunlight.

False (B)

What process involves water vapor cooling and changing back into liquid water?

Condensation

Water is often called the _____ solvent because it can dissolve many substances.

<p>universal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the stages of the water cycle with their descriptions:

<p>Evaporation = Water vapor rises from liquid water Condensation = Water vapor turns into liquid water clouds Precipitation = Rain, snow, or hail falling to the Earth Collection = Water gathers in rivers, lakes, and oceans</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the boiling point of water?

<p>100 °C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When ice melts, the temperature of the ice increases until it becomes water.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of water changing from a liquid to a solid called?

<p>Freezing</p> Signup and view all the answers

The change of water from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below its boiling point is called __________.

<p>evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following temperature changes with their corresponding state changes:

<p>0 °C = Melting 100 °C = Boiling Freezing = Ice Evaporation = Water vapor</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines solubility?

<p>The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solubility of a substance in water is constant regardless of temperature.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor can cause variation in solubility among different substances?

<p>The type of substance or the nature of the solute.</p> Signup and view all the answers

_____ is the amount of a solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent.

<p>Solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Solubility = Amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent Temperature dependence = Variation in solubility due to temperature changes Variation in solubility = Differences in solubility among substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the process of evaporation?

<p>Water particles absorb energy and escape into the air. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Precipitation occurs when water vapor condenses to form clouds.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a substance that can dissolve in water?

<p>soluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

The liquid used to dissolve a substance is called the ______.

<p>solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the process with its description in the water cycle:

<p>Evaporation = Water turning into vapor due to heat Condensation = Vapor cooling and forming droplets Transportation = Movement of clouds by the wind Precipitation = Droplets falling as rain</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT increase the rate of dissolving of a solute in water?

<p>Lowering the temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A sugar solution is formed when sugar is dissolved in water.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process where water vapor cools to form clouds is called ______.

<p>condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a fixed amount of solvent at a specific temperature?

<p>Solubility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A saturated solution contains no undissolved solute.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the solubility of most substances as temperature increases?

<p>It generally increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Different substances have different levels of __________ in water.

<p>solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Solubility

The maximum amount of a substance (solute) that can dissolve in a given amount of liquid (solvent) at a specific temperature.

Variation in Solubility

Different substances have varying abilities to dissolve in water.

Temperature Dependence

The amount of a substance that can dissolve in water changes with temperature.

Evaporation

The process of water changing from a liquid to a gas (water vapor) at any temperature, often fueled by the sun's energy.

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Condensation

The process of water vapor cooling and changing back into liquid water, forming clouds.

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Precipitation

Water droplets or ice crystals in clouds become heavy enough to fall to Earth as rain, snow, or hail.

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Collection

Water that falls to Earth collects in rivers, lakes, oceans, and groundwater.

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Water as a Solvent

Water is called the universal solvent because it can dissolve many substances.

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Melting Point

The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid. For example, ice melts into water at 0°C.

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Melting

The change in state from a solid to a liquid. It occurs when a substance absorbs enough heat to overcome the forces holding its molecules together.

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Freezing Point

The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid. For example, water freezes into ice at 0°C.

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Freezing

The change in state from a liquid to a solid. It occurs when a substance loses energy and its molecules slow down enough to form a rigid structure.

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Boiling Point

The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas. For example, water boils into steam at 100°C.

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What is a saturated solution?

A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature. Any additional solute added will remain undissolved.

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What is solubility?

The amount of a substance (solute) that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent (usually water) at a specific temperature.

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Why do substances have different solubilities?

Substances have different limits of how much can dissolve in water. Some dissolve easily, others very little.

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How does temperature affect solubility?

For most solid substances, the solubility increases as the temperature rises. This means more solute can dissolve in hot water compared to cold.

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Do all substances respond the same way when temperature changes?

The solubility of a substance can change based on whether the temperature is increased or decreased. However, some substances like gases have their solubility decrease with higher temperatures.

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What is evaporation?

The process in which liquid water changes into water vapor. It occurs due to heat energy causing water particles to move faster and escape into the air.

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What is condensation?

The opposite of evaporation, where water vapor in the air cools down and changes back into liquid water, forming tiny droplets that gather to create clouds.

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What is transportation in the water cycle?

The movement of water vapor within the atmosphere, carried by winds from one location to another.

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What is precipitation?

When water vapor in clouds condenses and forms heavy water droplets that fall back to Earth as rain, snow, hail, or sleet.

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What is a solution?

The mixture formed when a substance dissolves in a liquid.

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What is a solute?

The substance that dissolves in a liquid to form a solution.

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What is a solvent?

The liquid that dissolves the solute to form a solution.

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How does stirring affect the rate of dissolving?

The rate at which a substance dissolves in water is faster if the water is stirred.

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