Water Cycle and Solubility Concepts

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Questions and Answers

What does solubility refer to?

  • The state of being insoluble in a solvent
  • The temperature at which a solute dissolves
  • The amount of solvent needed to dissolve a solute
  • The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent (correct)

The solubility of a substance in water remains constant regardless of temperature.

False (B)

Which process involves water vapor cooling down to form small water droplets?

  • Precipitation
  • Condensation (correct)
  • Transportation
  • Evaporation

What factors can affect the solubility of a substance in water?

<p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

Precipitation occurs when clouds are carried to different locations by the wind.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The limited amount of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent is known as its __________.

<p>solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

<p>Solute = Substance that is dissolved Solvent = Substance that dissolves the solute Solubility = Maximum amount that can dissolve in a solvent Temperature = Factor that can influence solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the complete cycle of water moving between liquid and vapor states in nature?

<p>water cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rate of evaporation is higher when the humidity is ______.

<p>lower</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the water cycle processes with their descriptions:

<p>Evaporation = Water particles escape to become vapor Condensation = Formation of clouds from water vapor Transportation = Movement of clouds by the wind Precipitation = Fall of rain or snow from clouds</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when water vapor changes into liquid water?

<p>Condensation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The temperature of water changes when it boils.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What energy change occurs when water freezes?

<p>Energy is released.</p> Signup and view all the answers

During melting, energy is __________ from the surroundings.

<p>absorbed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following changes of states with their definitions:

<p>Boiling = Liquid to gas Freezing = Liquid to solid Evaporation = Liquid to gas at any temperature Condensation = Gas to liquid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes involves a liquid changing into a gas?

<p>Boiling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The boiling point is the temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a substance that is dissolved in a solution?

<p>solute</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of a gas changing into a liquid is called ______.

<p>condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the physical states with their definitions:

<p>Solid = Has a definite shape and volume Liquid = Has a definite volume but no definite shape Gas = Has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume Plasma = Ionized gas with free-moving charged particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance?

<p>Solubility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All substances have the same rate of dissolving when combined with a solvent.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The continuous movement of water between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere is known as the ______.

<p>water cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the change in state from ice to water called?

<p>Melting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The boiling point of water is 0 °C.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of water changing from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below its boiling point?

<p>Evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water vapor is the _____ state of water.

<p>gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following processes with their corresponding changes in state:

<p>Melting = Solid to Liquid Freezing = Liquid to Solid Boiling = Liquid to Gas Evaporation = Liquid to Gas at below boiling point</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a substance that dissolves in water?

<p>Solute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A solute is always a liquid.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is formed when sugar dissolves in water?

<p>Sugar solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rate of dissolving of a solute increases when the temperature of water is ______.

<p>higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Soluble = Can dissolve in water Insoluble = Cannot dissolve in water Solvent = Liquid used to dissolve a solute Solution = A mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a saturated solution is formed?

<p>Some solute remains undissolved (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solubility of a substance in water remains unchanged with temperature.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of solubility?

<p>The amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a fixed amount of water at a given temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A __________ solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a specific temperature.

<p>saturated</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following solubility concepts with their descriptions:

<p>Solubility = Amount that can dissolve in water Saturated Solution = Contains undissolved solute Temperature = Affects the solubility of substances Undissolved Solute = Excess solute in a saturated solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these processes is not involved in the water cycle?

<p>Sublimation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water can exist in only two physical states: liquid and vapor.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the Sun play in the water cycle?

<p>The Sun provides energy that heats water and causes evaporation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process by which water changes from vapor to liquid is called __________.

<p>condensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following factors to their effects on the rate of evaporation:

<p>Higher temperature = Increases rate of evaporation Lower humidity = Increases rate of evaporation More airflow = Increases rate of evaporation Larger surface area = Increases rate of evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Solubility

The maximum amount of a substance (solute) that can dissolve in a given amount of liquid (solvent) at a specific temperature.

Solute

The substance that dissolves in a solvent.

Solvent

The substance that dissolves the solute.

Solubility of a Substance

The ability of a substance to dissolve in a specific solvent.

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Solubility and Temperature

The temperature at which a substance dissolves affects how much can be dissolved.

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Boiling

Process where a liquid changes into a gas.

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Boiling Point

Temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas during boiling.

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Condensation

Process where a gas changes into a liquid.

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Solution

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.

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Universal Solvent

A solvent capable of dissolving a wide range of substances.

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What is the water cycle?

The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.

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What is evaporation?

The process where liquid water changes into water vapor and rises into the air.

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What is condensation?

The process where water vapor in the air cools down, forms tiny water droplets, and creates clouds.

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What is transportation in the water cycle?

The process where clouds move from one place to another due to wind.

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What is precipitation?

The process where water droplets in clouds become heavy and fall back to Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.

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Temperature during state change

The temperature of a substance remains constant while it changes state.

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Energy absorption during state change

Energy is absorbed from the surroundings when a substance changes from a solid to a liquid, or from a liquid to a gas.

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Energy release during state change

Energy is released to the surroundings when a substance changes from a gas to a liquid, or from a liquid to a solid.

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Evaporation

The process where a liquid changes into a gas.

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Melting

The process of a solid changing into a liquid. It occurs when the solid is heated to its melting point.

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Melting Point

The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid.

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Freezing

The process of a liquid changing into a solid. It occurs when the liquid is cooled to its freezing point.

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Freezing Point

The temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid.

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What is a solute?

A substance that dissolves in a liquid to form a solution.

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What is a solvent?

The liquid that dissolves a substance to form a solution.

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What is a solution?

The mixture formed when a solute dissolves in a solvent.

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What does it mean for a substance to be soluble?

The ability of a substance to dissolve in water.

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What does it mean for a substance to be insoluble?

The inability of a substance to dissolve in water.

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Factors affecting dissolving rate

The rate of dissolving increases when stirring, heating the solvent, or increasing the surface area of the solute.

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Saturated Solution

A solution where the maximum amount of solute has dissolved in a given amount of solvent. Adding more solute won't dissolve it, resulting in undissolved solute at the bottom of the container.

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Study Notes

  • Solubility is the limited amount of a solute which can dissolve in a given amount of solvent.
  • Different substances have different solubilities in water.
  • Solubility changes with temperature.

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