Water Cycle and Properties

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Questions and Answers

Match the water cycle process with its description:

Evaporation = Water turns into vapor Condensation = Water droplets form clouds Precipitation = Water falls from the sky Infiltration = Water seeps into the ground

Water molecules are always completely neutral and do not have any charge differences between atoms.

False (B)

What makes water a unique molecule that supports life on Earth?

Water's polarity, high heat capacity, and ability to act as a solvent are some of the properties that make it essential for life.

Which of the following best describes why water is essential for life?

<p>It supports cellular functions and biochemical reactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one _______ atom, with a chemical formula of H2O.

<p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves water moving from plants into the atmosphere?

<p>Transpiration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a water molecule, the oxygen atom has a partial positive charge.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical formula for water?

<p>H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process where water moves from the surface into the ground is called ______ .

<p>infiltration</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following salts with the effect they have on the acidity or basicity of water:

<p>Sodium chloride (NaCl) = Neutral Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) = Basic Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) = Acidic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate bond angle between the hydrogen atoms in water?

<p>104.5 degrees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A solution is considered acidic if it has more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond holds the hydrogen and oxygen atoms together in a water molecule?

<p>covalent bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water molecules attach to each other through ______ bonds.

<p>hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate mass percentage of oxygen in a water molecule?

<p>89% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by the hydrosphere?

<p>70% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The majority of the Earth's water is freshwater found in rivers and lakes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name three forms of water as it exists on Earth.

<p>Liquid, vapor, ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process where water evaporates from plant leaves is known as __________.

<p>transpiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property of water allows it to effectively transport nutrients and wastes within organisms?

<p>Solvent properties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of condensation in the water cycle involves water vapor turning into ice.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides the sun, what process in the water cycle helps move water from the earth to the atmosphere?

<p>transpiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

Water's high ______ ______ contributes to temperature regulation on Earth.

<p>heat capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these reasons best explains why water is essential for life?

<p>It supports chemical reactions within cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Water Cycle

The continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth.

Evaporation

The process where liquid water changes into water vapor and rises into the atmosphere.

Condensation

The process where water vapor in the atmosphere cools and condenses into tiny water droplets, forming clouds.

Precipitation

Water falling from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface in the form of rain, snow, sleet or hail.

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Infiltration

The process where water soaks into the ground, filling spaces between soil particles.

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Water Molecule Formation

The process where two hydrogen atoms bond to one oxygen atom, with the oxygen atom attracting electrons more strongly.

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Water's Unique Properties for Life

The special properties of water that make it essential for life, including its ability to dissolve substances, moderate temperature, and support cellular processes.

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Water as a Solvent

Water's ability to dissolve a wide variety of substances, making it a vital solvent for biological reactions and transporting nutrients.

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Water's Importance for Life

Water is vital for all living organisms, supporting essential functions and reactions within cells.

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Water's Role as a Solvent

Water dissolves various substances like nutrients, gases, and waste products, enabling transport within organisms and ecosystems.

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Water's Temperature Regulation

Water's high heat capacity helps regulate Earth's climate and maintain stable temperatures within organisms.

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Water's Role in Photosynthesis

Plants use water in the process of converting sunlight into energy, producing oxygen and glucose essential for life.

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The Water Cycle

The continuous movement of water on, above, and below Earth's surface driven by solar energy.

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Surface Runoff

Water flowing across Earth's surface, occurring when the ground is unable to absorb the water.

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Water Molecule Bond Angle

The angle formed by the two hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom in a water molecule, approximately 104.5 degrees.

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Water's Polarity

The uneven distribution of charge within a water molecule, with the oxygen atom having a partial negative charge and the hydrogen atoms having partial positive charges.

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Study Notes

Water Cycle Processes

  • Evaporation: Water turns into vapor.
  • Condensation: Water vapor forms clouds.
  • Precipitation: Water falls from the sky.
  • Infiltration: Water seeps into the ground.

Water's Chemical Reaction Steps

  • Hydrogen atoms bond.
  • Oxygen atom attracts electrons.
  • Partial charges form.
  • Water molecule is created.

Water Properties

  • Water molecules are not always completely neutral; differences in charge occur between atoms.
  • Water's unique properties support life on Earth.
  • Water supports cellular functions and biochemical reactions.
  • Water provides color to living things.

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