24 Questions
What is one of the ways to preserve the ecological health of aquatic systems?
Integrated watershed management
Which of the following is NOT a method to manage water disputes between nations?
Military force
What is one way to encourage water conservation?
Decreasing government subsides for supplying water
What is the primary goal of watershed management?
To preserve ecological health of aquatic systems
What is one of the consequences of depleting aquifers?
Threatening ecological health of aquatic systems
What is one way to reduce water waste?
Decreasing government subsides for supplying water
What is one of the causes of water pollution in lakes?
Ash from power plants
What is one of the ways to manage inter-state river conflicts in India?
Outside party mediation of water disputes
What percentage of the runoff can be utilized as the remaining quantity is mostly in the form of floods?
30%
What percentage of the reliable runoff is withdrawn for agriculture?
70%
What is the consequence of over exploitation of water resources?
Water stress
Why is population growth a concern in water supply management?
It increases use of available water in a particular area
What is the primary reason for the degradation of both quality and quantity of surface water?
Misuse of surface water
What percentage of the reliable runoff is left in streams for use in transporting goods, diluting pollution, and sustaining fisheries?
20%
What is the projected utilization of reliable runoff by 2025?
70-90%
What is the reason for the increase in water conflicts?
Dry climate and too many people
What is a consequence of the construction of dams for water supply and power generation?
It alters the natural course of the river and disturbs the ecology.
Why is groundwater pollution a significant concern?
Because industries discharging waste into the ground adds to the pollutants.
What is a result of the over exploitation of groundwater?
A decrease in the water level.
What is affected by the pollutants released into the river by industries?
People utilizing the water downstream and the aquatic ecosystem.
What is a consequence of unscientific usage of groundwater?
Depletion of groundwater level.
What is a result of climate change in relation to water resources?
A significant increase in flooding or dry rivers and shortage of surface water.
Why are arid and semi-arid countries affected by groundwater over exploitation?
Because groundwater contributes significantly to their water supply and irrigation.
What is a consequence of the lowering of pump sets?
Lower efficiency and higher cost of operation.
Study Notes
Water Conflicts: Global
- Two main factors contribute to water shortage: dry climate and overpopulation, leading to "hydro poverty" where many people cannot afford clean water.
Utilization of Water Resources
- Only 30% of runoff can be utilized, with the remaining quantity being mostly in the form of floods.
- Humans use about 54% of reliable runoff, with:
- 70% for agriculture
- 20% for industry
- 10% for domestic use
- 20% of runoff is left in streams for:
- transporting goods
- diluting pollution
- sustaining fisheries
- It's possible to use up to 70-90% of reliable runoff by 2025.
Over utilization of Water Resources
- Over exploitation of water resources leads to "water stress".
- Misuse of surface water leads to degradation of both quality and quantity.
- Dumping industrial and sewage waste into rivers causes environmental, ecological, and health problems.
- Population growth and urbanization increase water use, and climate change affects surface water.
Solutions for Sustainable Water Use
- Preserve ecological health of aquatic systems
- Avoid depleting aquifers
- Implement integrated watershed management
- Establish agreements among regions and countries sharing surface water resources
- Use outside party mediation of water disputes between nations
- Implement marketing of water rights
- Decrease government subsidies for supplying water
- Increase government subsidies for reducing water waste
- Preserve water quality
- Waste less water
Over utilization of Groundwater Resources
- Unscientific usage of groundwater leads to depletion of groundwater levels
- Industries discharging waste into the ground pollute groundwater
- Groundwater pollution significantly increases due to unregulated use
Effects of Over utilization of Water Resources
- Pollutants released into rivers affect people downstream
- Untreated sewage affects aquatic ecosystems and human health
- Construction of dams alters the natural course of rivers and disturbs ecology
- Climate change leads to dry rivers, flooding, and water shortages
This quiz covers the global issues of water shortage, hydro poverty, and the utilization of water resources. It explores the factors contributing to water scarcity and the limitations of harnessing water resources.
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