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Questions and Answers
What type of bond results from the unequal sharing of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen in a water molecule?
What type of bond results from the unequal sharing of electrons between oxygen and hydrogen in a water molecule?
Which term best describes the attraction between water molecules due to hydrogen bonding?
Which term best describes the attraction between water molecules due to hydrogen bonding?
What is the reason for water's polarity?
What is the reason for water's polarity?
When water forms hydrogen bonds with amino acids, this interaction is called what?
When water forms hydrogen bonds with amino acids, this interaction is called what?
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Which statement about hydrogen bonds is true?
Which statement about hydrogen bonds is true?
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Study Notes
Water Composition and Structure
- Water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, leading to the chemical formula H2O.
- Atoms in water are held together by covalent bonds, where electrons are shared between hydrogen and oxygen.
Electronegativity and Polarity
- Oxygen has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen, leading to unequal sharing of electrons.
- This difference in electronegativity results in a polar molecule, where there is a partial negative charge near the oxygen atom and partial positive charges near the hydrogen atoms.
Hydrogen Bonds
- Water molecules can form hydrogen bonds, which are weak attractions between the partial positive charge of hydrogen atoms and the partial negative charge of oxygen atoms in adjacent molecules.
- Hydrogen bonds enable water to interact with other charged molecules, enhancing its solvent properties.
Cohesion vs. Adhesion
- Cohesion refers to the attraction between molecules of the same substance; in water, this manifests as hydrogen bonds linking water molecules together.
- Adhesion is the attraction between different substances; an example includes hydrogen bonds forming between water and amino acids.
Summary of Bonding Properties
- Polar nature of water facilitates the formation of hydrogen bonds, contributing to unique properties such as cohesion and adhesion.
- Opposite charges in water molecules promote hydrogen bond formation, driving interactions in biological systems.
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Description
Explore the fundamental aspects of water's structure, including its composition, electronegativity, and the significance of hydrogen bonding. Understand the concepts of cohesion and adhesion as they pertain to water's unique properties and interactions with other molecules.
