4 Lec Q Part 4 - Water Challenges in Saudi Arabia

Which is the main source of surface water in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia?

Exhausted groundwater aquifers
Surface runoff at dams (correct)
Tranks
Rain

What percentage of the national water supply in KSA comes from desalination?

73%
35%
70% (correct)
18%

What is the role of the Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) in KSA?

Producing renewable water resources
Producing desalinated water (correct)
Increasing agricultural water use
Storing and recharging surface runoff

What is the expected potable water demand in KSA by 2025?

8.5 million cubic meters per day (MCM/d) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the fall of the water table in KSA's aquifer?

Heavy use by the agricultural and domestic sectors (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recorded average rainfall in KSA in 2019?

59 mm (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many dams are there in KSA?

522 dams (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main issue in the water sector in KSA?

Absence of reliable renewable water resources (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of the population in KSA that has access to fresh water?

97% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of limited water resources in KSA?

A & B (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about wastewater treatment in KSA?

There are 99 wastewater treatment plants in KSA. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the total treated wastewater quantities was reused in 2019?

17.26% (B) Signup and view all the answers

Between which years is the TWW predicted to grow about 4% annually?

2025 and 2050 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the Saudi National Water Strategy 2030?

To achieve a sustainable water sector (D) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the country's energy consumption does desalination account for?

20% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main purposes for which total water demands in KSA increased?

Urban, Industrial, and Agricultural purposes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the equivalent of 5-10% of the actual production costs in the public sector?

The low water costs paid by end-users (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the National Water Company (NWC) in KSA?

To manage water infrastructure in KSA (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the current annual growth rate of the amount of treated wastewater (TWW) in KSA?

4% (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Water Infrastructure in KSA?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the Saudi National Water Strategy 2030?

To achieve a sustainable water sector (C) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organizations with their roles in the water sector in KSA:

Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture = Responsible for water policy and regulation National Water Company (NWC) = Responsible for water distribution and supply Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) = Responsible for desalination Saudi Water Partnership Company = Responsible for water privatization Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

TWW = Treated wastewater MCM/d = Million cubic meters per day KSA = Kingdom of Saudi Arabia WWTPs = Wastewater treatment plants Signup and view all the answers

Match the following water sources with their usage in KSA:

Desalination = To fulfill increasing demands Wastewater = Reused in 2019 Surface water = Main source of fresh water Aquifer = Water table has fallen due to excessive pumping Signup and view all the answers

Match the following water resources in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with their descriptions:

Deep groundwater aquifers = Main water resources Surface runoff at dams = Main surface water resource Desalinated seawater = Accounting for 18% of the global production by the end of 2017 Wastewater = The overall quantity of municipal wastewater production increased due to population growth Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organizations or entities in the water sector in KSA with their descriptions:

Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) = Largest producer of desalinated water and owns the majority of desalination plants in KSA National Water Company (NWC) = Responsible for increasing the efficiency of water use in all sectors Desalination plants = There are 35 on the western and eastern coasts in KSA Dams = There are 522 around the country, with a capacity of 2.3 billion cubic metres (BCM) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following water issues in KSA with their descriptions:

Absence of reliable renewable water resources = One of the key issues in the water sector Exhausted groundwater aquifers = Another key issue in the water sector Unsustainable water use in agriculture = Contributes to the fall of the water table in aquifers High water losses = A challenge in the water sector in KSA Signup and view all the answers