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The conduct of the siege as described in the passage could best be used to explain which of the following processes in the period 1450-1750?
The conduct of the siege as described in the passage could best be used to explain which of the following processes in the period 1450-1750?
The type of warfare described in the passage most directly helps to explain which of the following sixteenth-century developments?
The type of warfare described in the passage most directly helps to explain which of the following sixteenth-century developments?
The type of weaponry used in the siege, as described in the passage, could also help to explain the expansion of all of the following states in the period 1450-1750 EXCEPT the
The type of weaponry used in the siege, as described in the passage, could also help to explain the expansion of all of the following states in the period 1450-1750 EXCEPT the
The relationship between levels of military personnel and state revenues as shown in the table is best understood in the context of which of the following global developments in the period 1450-1750?
The relationship between levels of military personnel and state revenues as shown in the table is best understood in the context of which of the following global developments in the period 1450-1750?
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The trends in military personnel and state revenue shown in the table are best understood in the context of which of the following changes in the relationship between states and local elites in the period 1450-1750?
The trends in military personnel and state revenue shown in the table are best understood in the context of which of the following changes in the relationship between states and local elites in the period 1450-1750?
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Which of the following developments in the period 1450-1750 is best understood as a response to the trends shown in the table?
Which of the following developments in the period 1450-1750 is best understood as a response to the trends shown in the table?
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A historian would most likely interpret the rhetoric in the passage as evidence that rulers of imperial states in the period circa 1450-1750 continued to
A historian would most likely interpret the rhetoric in the passage as evidence that rulers of imperial states in the period circa 1450-1750 continued to
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Based on the purpose of the letter, Selim's description of the followers of Shah Ismail I as a 'heretical faction' can best be interpreted as a commentary of the Safavid Empire's
Based on the purpose of the letter, Selim's description of the followers of Shah Ismail I as a 'heretical faction' can best be interpreted as a commentary of the Safavid Empire's
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Which of the following aspects of the international situation in early sixteenth-century southwest Asia is most relevant to understanding Sultan Selim's letter?
Which of the following aspects of the international situation in early sixteenth-century southwest Asia is most relevant to understanding Sultan Selim's letter?
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The general pattern of nomadic conquest followed by the assimilation of the conquerors into the cultures of the conquered societies was most clearly expressed in which of the following developments in the period circa 1250-1450?
The general pattern of nomadic conquest followed by the assimilation of the conquerors into the cultures of the conquered societies was most clearly expressed in which of the following developments in the period circa 1250-1450?
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Which of the following developments in the period circa 1250-1450 represents a situation that is the opposite of nomadic conquerors assimilating into the cultures of the conquered societies?
Which of the following developments in the period circa 1250-1450 represents a situation that is the opposite of nomadic conquerors assimilating into the cultures of the conquered societies?
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The Mongol conquests resulted in all of the following developments EXCEPT
The Mongol conquests resulted in all of the following developments EXCEPT
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The 'long stays in harbors' mentioned in the description of the sea journeys in the first paragraph were most likely necessary because Indian Ocean maritime trade in the period circa 1200-1450?
The 'long stays in harbors' mentioned in the description of the sea journeys in the first paragraph were most likely necessary because Indian Ocean maritime trade in the period circa 1200-1450?
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Based on the pattern of trade described in the third paragraph, the Egyptian karim merchants were most likely directly involved in which of the following broader developments in the Indian Ocean in the period circa 1200-1450?
Based on the pattern of trade described in the third paragraph, the Egyptian karim merchants were most likely directly involved in which of the following broader developments in the Indian Ocean in the period circa 1200-1450?
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The pattern of trade described in the passage was most characteristic of which of the following types of goods in the period 1200-1450?
The pattern of trade described in the passage was most characteristic of which of the following types of goods in the period 1200-1450?
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The integration of West African states into wider regional and transregional economic networks in the period circa 1200-1450 was carried out mostly via the?
The integration of West African states into wider regional and transregional economic networks in the period circa 1200-1450 was carried out mostly via the?
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The spread of Islam into sub-Saharan West Africa in the period circa 1200-1450 was mostly a result of the conversion of the rulers of which of the following states?
The spread of Islam into sub-Saharan West Africa in the period circa 1200-1450 was mostly a result of the conversion of the rulers of which of the following states?
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Study Notes
Warfare and Imperial Expansion
- Siege warfare in the 1450-1750 period showcased the advancement of military technology, particularly new weaponry used by expanding empires.
- Intensifying political rivalries between the Ottoman Empire and neighboring states in Europe and the Middle East were reflected in the described warfare tactics of the time.
- The Aztec (Mexica) Empire is noted as an outlier, as it did not expand due to the type of weaponry described in the context of military sieges.
Military Personnel and State Revenue
- Military expansion and professionalization during this era forced states to innovate in revenue generation.
- Trends indicate a movement towards centralized state authority, diminishing the roles of local elites.
- The establishment of larger bureaucracies became a response to the demands of expanding military personnel and state functions.
Religious and Political Legitimacy
- Rulers of imperial states often employed religious rhetoric to bolster their political legitimacy and undermine their foes, as evidenced in historical accounts from this period.
- A significant aspect of Selim I's letter was his depiction of Shah Ismail I's followers as "heretical," which provided commentary on the Safavid Empire's Shi'a Islamic adherence.
Ottoman-Safavid Rivalry
- The international conflict in early sixteenth-century southwest Asia, particularly between the Ottoman and Safavid empires, revolved around territorial control of Iraq, Syria, and neighboring regions.
Nomadic Conquests and Cultural Assimilation
- The pattern of nomadic conquerors assimilating into the conquered peoples' cultures is illustrated by the Yuan dynasty's adoption of Chinese cultural norms.
- Conversely, instances of conquered groups integrating the economic and cultural practices of their conquerors are evident, particularly with Turkic peoples and their conversion to Islam.
The Mongol Conquests
- Mongol invasions had significant impacts, except for the initial spread of Buddhism and Christianity in East Asia, which was not a direct result of their conquests.
Maritime Trade in the Indian Ocean
- Long stays in Indian Ocean harbors were essential, mainly due to environmental considerations like monsoon patterns that influenced trade timelines.
- Egyptian karim merchants played an essential role in establishing diasporic merchant communities across the Indian Ocean during this period.
Trade Characteristics
- Trade patterns in the 1200-1450 era were primarily associated with luxury goods, such as spices and porcelain.
- The integration of West African states into regional economies hinged significantly on trans-Saharan trade routes.
Spread of Islam in West Africa
- The conversion of rulers in the Mali Empire was pivotal to the spread of Islam into sub-Saharan West Africa during this time frame.
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Description
Explore the dynamics of warfare and imperial expansion from 1450 to 1750, focusing on the technological advancements in siege warfare and political rivalries among empires. Examine the impact on military personnel, state revenue, and the assertion of political legitimacy through religious rhetoric.
