12 Questions
Which of the following was NOT a cause of the War of 1812?
American desire for territorial expansion
What was the outcome of the Battle of Lake Erie?
American ships defeated the British fleet, gaining control of the lake
Who led the American forces to victory in the Battle of the Thames?
William Henry Harrison
What was the name of the British warship involved in the Chesapeake-Leopard Affair?
HMS Leopard
Who were the 'War Hawks' in the lead-up to the War of 1812?
A group of young, pro-war Congressmen
What was the outcome of the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the War of 1812?
The war ended with no significant territorial changes
Which battle marked the end of the War of 1812?
Battle of New Orleans
What was the main consequence of the Treaty of Fort Jackson?
The United States gained control of Creek land
What was NOT a provision of the Treaty of Ghent?
Mention of impressment as a major issue
When was the Treaty of Ghent signed?
December 24, 1814
Why did the Battle of New Orleans take place after the Treaty of Ghent was signed?
News of the treaty had not reached the United States yet
What was the main reason for the signing of the Treaty of Fort Jackson?
To gain control of Creek land
Study Notes
Causes of the War of 1812
- British Impressment of American Sailors: The British Navy impressed American sailors into service, claiming they were British subjects who had deserted their ships.
- Trade Restrictions and Embargo: The British Navy also interfered with American trade, seizing American ships and cargo, and imposing a trade embargo on France and its allies.
- British Support of Native American Resistance: The British provided support to Native American tribes who were resisting American expansion, particularly in the Northwest Territory.
- The Chesapeake-Leopard Affair: In 1807, the British warship HMS Leopard fired on the American warship USS Chesapeake, killing and wounding several American sailors.
- The War Hawks: A group of young, pro-war Congressmen, led by Henry Clay and John Calhoun, who advocated for war against Britain to assert American sovereignty and expand the country's territory.
Battles of the War of 1812
- Battle of Lake Erie (September 10, 1813): American ships under Oliver Hazard Perry defeated a British fleet, gaining control of the lake and allowing American forces to retake Detroit.
- Battle of the Thames (October 5, 1813): American forces under William Henry Harrison defeated a combined force of British and Native American troops, killing the Native American leader Tecumseh.
- Battle of Horseshoe Bend (March 27, 1814): American forces under Andrew Jackson defeated a force of Creek warriors, leading to the Treaty of Fort Jackson and the cession of Creek land to the United States.
- Battle of New Orleans (January 8, 1815): American forces under Andrew Jackson defeated a large British army, inflicting heavy casualties and ending the war.
Treaty of Ghent
- Signed on December 24, 1814: The treaty was signed in Ghent, Belgium, and officially ended the War of 1812.
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Terms of the Treaty:
- No significant changes to pre-war borders or territories.
- No mention of impressment, trade restrictions, or Native American issues.
- Established a commission to settle border disputes between the United States and British North America (now Canada).
- Provided for the restoration of relations between the two countries to what they were before the war.
- News of the Treaty: The treaty was not ratified by the US Senate until February 16, 1815, and news of the treaty did not reach the United States until after the Battle of New Orleans, which was fought on January 8, 1815.
Learn about the causes of the War of 1812, including British impressment of American sailors and trade restrictions. Discover the key battles of the war, such as Lake Erie and New Orleans. Understand the terms of the Treaty of Ghent and its significance.
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