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Untitled Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is accounting?

  • A method for decorating financial records.
  • Only recording financial transactions.
  • Planning, recording, analyzing, and interpreting financial information. (correct)
  • A way to manage personal finances.
  • What is an accounting system?

    A planned process for providing financial information that will be useful to management.

    What are accounting records?

    Organized summaries of a business' financial activities.

    What is a service business?

    <p>A business that performs an activity for a fee.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a proprietorship?

    <p>A business owned by one person.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an asset?

    <p>Anything of value that is owned.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are equities?

    <p>Financial rights to the assets of a business.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a liability?

    <p>An amount owed by a business.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is owner's equity?

    <p>The amount remaining after the value of all liabilities is subtracted from the value of all assets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the accounting equation?

    <p>An equation showing the relationship among assets, liabilities, and owner's equity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a transaction?

    <p>A business activity that changes assets, liabilities, or owner's equity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an account?

    <p>A record summarizing all the information pertaining to a single item in the accounting equation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an account title?

    <p>The name given to an account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an account balance?

    <p>The amount in an account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is capital?

    <p>The account used to summarize the owner's equity in a business.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a balance sheet?

    <p>A financial statement that reports assets, liabilities, and owner's equity on a specific date.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is revenue?

    <p>An increase in owner's equity resulting from the operation of a business.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sale on account?

    <p>A sale for which cash will be received at a later date.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an expense?

    <p>A decrease in owner's equity resulting from the operation of a business.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are withdrawals?

    <p>Assets taken out of a business for the owner's personal use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a T account?

    <p>An accounting device used to analyze transactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a debit?

    <p>An amount recorded on the left side of a T account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a credit?

    <p>An amount recorded on the right side of a T account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is normal balance?

    <p>The side of the account that is increased.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a chart of accounts?

    <p>A list of accounts used by a business.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a journal?

    <p>A form for recording transactions in chronological order.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is journalizing?

    <p>Recording transactions in a journal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an entry?

    <p>Information for each transaction recorded in a journal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a general journal?

    <p>A journal with two amount columns in which all kinds of entries can be recorded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is double-entry accounting?

    <p>The recording of debit and credit parts of a transaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a source document?

    <p>A business paper from which information is obtained for a journal entry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a check?

    <p>A business form ordering a bank to pay cash from a bank account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an invoice?

    <p>A form describing the goods or services sold, the quantity, and the price.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sales invoice?

    <p>An invoice used as a source document for recording a sale on account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a receipt?

    <p>A business form giving written acknowledgement for cash received.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a memorandum?

    <p>A form on which a brief message is written describing a transaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a ledger?

    <p>A group of accounts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a general ledger?

    <p>A ledger that contains all accounts needed to prepare financial statements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an account number?

    <p>The number assigned to an account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is file maintenance?

    <p>The procedure for arranging accounts in a general ledger, assigning account numbers, and keeping records current.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is opening an account?

    <p>Writing an account title and number on the heading of an account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is posting?

    <p>Transferring information from a journal entry to a ledger account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is proving cash?

    <p>Determining that the amount of cash agrees with the balance of the cash account in the accounting records.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a correcting entry?

    <p>A journal entry made to correct an error in the ledger.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a checking account?

    <p>A bank account from which payments can be ordered by a depositor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an endorsement?

    <p>A signature or stamp on the back of a check transferring ownership.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a blank endorsement?

    <p>An endorsement consisting only of the endorser's signature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a special endorsement?

    <p>An endorsement indicating a new owner of a check.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a restrictive endorsement?

    <p>An endorsement restricting further transfer of a check's ownership.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a postdated check?

    <p>A check with a future date on it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a bank statement?

    <p>A report of deposits, withdrawals, and bank balances sent to a depositor by a bank.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a dishonored check?

    <p>A check that a bank refuses to pay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is electronic funds transfer?

    <p>A computerized cash payments system that uses electronic pulses to transfer funds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a debit card?

    <p>A bank card that, when making purchases, automatically deducts the amount of the purchase from the checking account of the cardholder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is petty cash?

    <p>An amount of cash kept on hand and used for making small payments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a petty cash slip?

    <p>A form showing proof of a petty cash payment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a fiscal period?

    <p>The length of time for which a business summarizes and reports financial information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a work sheet?

    <p>A columnar accounting form used to summarize the general ledger information needed to prepare financial statements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a trial balance?

    <p>A proof of the equality of debits and credits in a general ledger.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are adjustments?

    <p>Changes recorded on a work sheet to update general ledger accounts at the end of a fiscal period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an income statement?

    <p>A financial statement showing the revenue and expenses for a fiscal period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is net income?

    <p>The difference between total revenue and total expenses when total revenue is greater.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a net loss?

    <p>The difference between total revenue and total expenses when total expenses is greater.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is component percentage?

    <p>The percentage relationship between one financial statement item and the total that includes that item.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are adjusting entries?

    <p>Journal entries recorded to update general ledger accounts at the end of a fiscal period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are permanent accounts?

    <p>Accounts used to accumulate information from one fiscal period to the next.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are temporary accounts?

    <p>Accounts used to accumulate information until it is transferred to the owner's capital account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are closing entries?

    <p>Journal entries used to prepare temporary accounts for a new fiscal period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are post-closing entries?

    <p>A trial balance prepared after the closing entries are posted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the accounting cycle?

    <p>The series of accounting activities included in recording financial information for a fiscal period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the accounting period cycle?

    <p>Changes in financial information are reported for a specific period of time in the form of financial statements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is adequate disclosure?

    <p>Financial statements contain all information necessary to understand a business' financial condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a business entity?

    <p>Financial information is recorded and reported separately from the owner's personal financial information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is consistent reporting?

    <p>The same accounting procedures are followed in the same way in each accounting period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does going concern mean?

    <p>Financial statements are prepared with the expectation that a business will remain in operation indefinitely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does matching expenses with revenue mean?

    <p>Revenue from business activities and expenses associated with earning that revenue are recorded in the same accounting period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is objective evidence?

    <p>A source document is prepared for each transaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unit of measure?

    <p>Business transactions are stated in numbers that have common values; that is, using a common unit of measure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Accounting Concepts

    • Accounting: Involves planning, recording, analyzing, and interpreting financial information for decision-making.
    • Accounting System: A structured process designed to supply financial information for management's use.
    • Service Business: Engages in activities offered for a fee to clients.

    Business Structures

    • Proprietorship: A business owned and operated by a single individual, bearing all responsibilities.
    • Asset: Valuable items owned by a business, contributing to its overall worth.
    • Equities: Represents the financial rights to the assets possessed by a business.
    • Liability: Obligations or debts owed by the business to external parties.

    Financial Metrics

    • Owner's Equity: Calculated as the difference between total assets and total liabilities; reflects the owner's remaining interest in the business.
    • Accounting Equation: Assets = Liabilities + Owner's Equity; fundamental principle governing accounting.

    Transaction Elements

    • Transaction: Any event affecting the financial position of the business, altering assets, liabilities, or owner's equity.
    • Account: A detailed record summarizing all information related to a specific item in the accounting equation.

    Financial Statements

    • Balance Sheet: A snapshot of a business’s financial position at a specific date, detailing assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity.
    • Income Statement: Reports revenues and expenses over a fiscal period, allowing assessment of profitability.

    Recording Processes

    • Journal: A chronological record of all financial transactions; entries include dates, amounts, and accounts affected.
    • Posting: The procedure of transferring journal entry data to respective ledger accounts.
    • Adjusting Entries: Journal entries made at the end of a period to align actual income and expenses with the accounting period.

    Banking Transactions

    • Check: A document instructing a bank to pay a certain amount from the check writer’s account.
    • Endorsement: A signature on the back of a check allowing transfer of ownership.
    • Bank Statement: Periodic report detailing account transactions, including deposits and withdrawals.

    Cash Management

    • Petty Cash: A small amount of cash kept on hand for minor expenses.
    • Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT): A system enabling the electronic movement of money between accounts.

    Accounting Practices

    • Accounting Cycle: The comprehensive series of steps to record and analyze financial transactions throughout a fiscal period.
    • Adequate Disclosure: The practice of providing all necessary information on financial statements for clarity on financial condition.
    • Consistent Reporting: Ensures that accounting rules and procedures are uniformly applied across periods.

    Financial Analysis

    • Net Income: The profit remaining after total expenses are deducted from total revenue.
    • Net Loss: Occurs when total expenses surpass total revenue within a period.
    • Component Percentage: The ratio of a specific financial item to the total that includes it, useful for analyzing financial statements.

    Closing and Temporary Accounts

    • Temporary Accounts: Accounts used to collect data for a single period; balances are reset at the end of the period.
    • Closing Entries: Journal entries that finalize the temporary accounts for the new fiscal cycle.
    • Post-Closing Entries: A trial balance prepared following the closure of accounts, ensuring balance post-adjustments.

    Important Accounting Principles

    • Going Concern: Assumes that a business will continue to operate indefinitely unless stated otherwise.
    • Matching Expenses with Revenue: Requires aligning revenues and related expenses within the same accounting period, promoting accurate financial representation.

    Fundamental Definitions

    • Normal Balance: Refers to the usual side (debit or credit) that increases an account’s value.
    • Unit of Measure: Assures that transactions are recorded in a consistent numerical format, maintaining uniformity across financial records.

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