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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of retinal vasculitis?
What is the primary cause of retinal vasculitis?
- Inflammation of the vascular branches of the retinal artery (correct)
- Infection of the retina
- Degeneration of retinal cells
- Glaucoma-related changes
Which symptom is NOT associated with retinal vasculitis?
Which symptom is NOT associated with retinal vasculitis?
- Decreased ability to distinguish colors
- Severe ocular pain (correct)
- Visual floaters
- Painless decrease of visual acuity
Which condition is commonly associated with retinal vasculitis?
Which condition is commonly associated with retinal vasculitis?
- Behçet's disease (correct)
- Macular degeneration
- Corneal abrasion
- Cataracts
How is the diagnosis of retinal vasculitis typically approached?
How is the diagnosis of retinal vasculitis typically approached?
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What is one of the treatment options for non-infectious retinal vasculitis?
What is one of the treatment options for non-infectious retinal vasculitis?
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Study Notes
Overview of Retinal Vasculitis
- Inflammation of retinal artery vascular branches can stem from primary ocular diseases or systemic vasculitis.
- Associated systemic conditions include Behçet's disease, sarcoidosis, multiple sclerosis, temporal arteritis, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
Symptoms of Retinal Vasculitis
- Painless decrease in visual acuity leading to blurry vision.
- Presence of visual floaters.
- Development of scotomas, resulting in dark spots in vision.
- Difficulty distinguishing colors.
- Metamorphopsia, causing distorted linear images.
Associated Diseases
- Behçet's disease
- Common Variable Immune Deficiency
- Eales disease
- Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
- Idiopathic Retinal Vasculitis with Aneurysms
- Neuroretinitis
- Lupus erythematosus
Diagnosis
- Rarely presents solely as retinal vasculitis; systemic evidence often aids diagnosis.
- Important diagnostic procedures include chest X-ray, blood tests, urinalysis, vascular biopsy, and ophthalmic assessments to rule out hidden systemic diseases.
Findings from Ophthalmic Examination
- Possible neovascularization indicating new blood vessel growth in the retina.
- Retinal vessel narrowing and cuffing may be evident.
- Potential retinal hemorrhage observed.
- Vitritis (vitreous inflammation) or choroiditis (choroid inflammation) can also occur.
Treatment Options
- Non-infectious retinal vasculitis: Intravitreal corticosteroids and immunosuppressants.
- Infectious retinal vasculitis requires antimicrobial therapy.
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