Untitled Quiz

Organisms requiring oxygen for survival.

Organisms that do not require oxygen and can be harmed by it.

Organisms that can survive with or without oxygen.

Organisms needing oxygen but at levels lower than normal air.

Killing/removing all viable organisms from a sample.

Time needed to reduce viable cells by 10-fold.

Heat-resistant bacterial structures.

Sealed device using steam under pressure to sterilize.

Smallest amount of an agent needed to stop microbial growth.

Harmful forms of oxygen produced in cells.

A method to measure the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents by observing the zone of inhibition around a disc containing the agent on a solid growth medium.

Area around a disc on solid growth media where no microbial growth occurs due to the presence of an antimicrobial agent.

Substances that destroy all microorganisms, including endospores.

The process of converting genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein, involving transcription and translation.

Proteins and RNA molecules needed in the cell under all growth conditions.

The process where a gene's information is used to create a functional product, typically a protein.

Proteins needed for all cell growth conditions, and their production does not change depending on environment.

Controlling the amount of protein by regulating the process of copying DNA to RNA.

Proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences to regulate gene activity.

Controlling the activity of proteins after they are created.

Where DNA-binding proteins typically interact with DNA.

DNA sequences that read the same backward as forward.

Common DNA-binding protein motif in bacteria and eukaryotes.

DNA found outside of living cells, particularly prevalent in marine environments.

The collection of prokaryotic (bacteria, archaea) cells that live in and on the human body.

The human microbiome is significantly larger than the number of human cells in an individual.

The complete set of RNA molecules produced by an organism or cell under specific conditions.

A tool used to study gene expression levels by measuring the amount of RNA hybridizing to specific gene sequences.

A protein structure that binds a zinc ion, often used by eukaryotic regulatory proteins for DNA binding.

Protein structure with regularly spaced leucine residues that create a stable homodimer, crucial for holding two recognition helices together.

A regulatory mechanism that prevents transcription occurring.

A mechanism for controlling enzyme production by preventing the synthesis of an enzyme, usually when the relevant product is already present.

A mechanism for controlling enzyme production by initiating enzyme synthesis when a substrate is present.

A regulatory mechanism that activates transcription by enhancing RNA polymerase binding to DNA.

Enzymes involved in building up molecules.

Enzymes involved in breaking down molecules.

The collection of microbes that inhabit the skin's different microenvironments.

Distinct areas on the skin with differing moisture, pH, and nutrients that support specific microbial communities.

Skin microbiota can vary between individuals, even between males and females.

The community of microbes residing in the mouth, influenced by saliva and nutrients.

Bacteria attach to tooth surfaces using glycoproteins in saliva for initial colonisation.

The complete collection of different microbes inhabiting a host, potentially influenced by host genetics and conditions.

The varying environments within the human body, impacting species composition of microbes present at different sites.

The correlation between the makeup of microbes at a specific location and the host's characteristics (e.g. genotype/phenotype. )