Von Neumann Architecture Overview

11 Questions

What is stored memory architecture also known as?

Von Neumann's architecture

Where are instructions and data stored in Von Neumann's architecture?

Data and instructions both in main memory

What does the arithmetic and logical unit (ALU) of the CPU do?

Performs arithmetic and logical operations

Which component helps reduce the burden on the main memory by storing data temporarily and intermediately?

Registers

What is the main purpose of data mining?

Extracting interesting patterns from large amounts of data

Which phase of the knowledge discovery process involves choosing the data and combining it into a single dataset?

Selection

What type of patterns and knowledge discovery does data mining cover?

Association rule analysis and outlier discovery

Which techniques are applied to the data warehouse in the preprocessing phase of the knowledge discovery process?

Cleaning, integration, and transformation

What is the earliest step in the data mining process?

Preprocessing

What is the primary focus of data mining in its earliest step?

Preparing data for analysis

Which process is typically the first step in the knowledge discovery process?

Cleaning and transforming raw data

Study Notes

Von Neumann's architecture, also known as stored memory architecture, keeps data and instructions in the same main memory.
Stored memory refers to the data and program being stored in memory. Data is constants and variables, while instructions are sets of commands for processing work.
Main memory is where both data and instructions are stored. Instructions can be stored in some addresses, while data can be stored in others.
The architecture is opposite to Harvard architecture, which stores instructions in different memory and data in different memory.
Von Neumann's architecture includes the central processing unit (CPU), which contains the arithmetic and logical unit (ALU) and registers.
ALU consists of various circuits, such as adders, subtractors, and shift operations, which perform arithmetic and logical operations.
Registers are the fastest memory available, storing temporary data and intermediate results. They come in various sizes and help reduce the burden on the main memory by storing data temporarily and intermediately.
The control unit generates timing signals and control signals, which determine the sequence of instructions to be executed and control access to registers and main memory.
The input-output system includes peripheral devices like keyboards, monitors, and other output devices, which are connected through various buses and help input and output data to and from the main memory and CPU.
The storage and processing of data involve calling it from the main memory to the CPU, processing it in the registers and ALU, and returning the output to the main memory for further use or storage.