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Questions and Answers
What are the sides of a volcano primarily called?
What are the sides of a volcano primarily called?
Which type of volcano is characterized by low-viscosity basaltic lava?
Which type of volcano is characterized by low-viscosity basaltic lava?
Which volcano type is composed of alternating layers of lava, ash, and volcanic rocks?
Which volcano type is composed of alternating layers of lava, ash, and volcanic rocks?
What term describes the mound of earth surrounding the crater of a volcano?
What term describes the mound of earth surrounding the crater of a volcano?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cinder cone volcanoes?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cinder cone volcanoes?
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What is the primary feature of a lava dome?
What is the primary feature of a lava dome?
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Which volcano is an example of a shield volcano?
Which volcano is an example of a shield volcano?
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What type of volcano tends to have the most explosive eruptions?
What type of volcano tends to have the most explosive eruptions?
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Study Notes
Volcanoes
- Volcanoes are geological features.
- They result from the accumulation and release of magma or molten rock from beneath the Earth's surface.
Types of Volcanoes
-
Cinder Cone:
- These are small, steep mounds composed of tephra (volcanic fragments).
- They are formed by explosive eruptions.
- Example: Parícutin in Mexico
-
Composite Cone (Stratovolcano):
- These are large, steep volcanoes.
- They are formed by alternating layers of lava, ash, and volcanic rocks.
- They form from successive eruptions.
- Example: Mount Fuji, Mount Mayon
-
Shield Volcano:
- They form when low-viscosity basaltic lava flows freely from a vent.
- They stack upon each other.
- They have a wide base and a gentle slope, like a warrior shield.
- Example: Mount Kilauea in Hawaii
-
Lava Dome:
- Formed when viscous lava cannot flow far, it cools in a mound shape.
- Example: Mount Cleveland Lava Dome (USA)
Parts of a Volcano
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Crater/Summit:
- Funnel-shaped depression at the top. Formed by explosive eruptions.
-
Vent:
- Opening through which lava and gases erupt.
-
Conduit/Pipe:
- Tube connecting the magma chamber to the surface.
-
Flank:
- The side of the volcano
-
Base:
- Bottom of the volcano
-
Magma Chamber:
- Underground reservoir of molten rock.
-
Ash Cloud:
- Ejected material.
Additional Information
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Caldera:
- A volcanic crater formed when part of the crater wall collapses after an eruption.
-
Volcanic Flank:
- The side of a volcano usually containing some fractures.
-
Volcanic Base:
- Bottom and foundation of the volcano. Could be where the volcano meets the surface water (ocean bed).
-
Magma/Lava
- Magma is molten rock beneath the Earth's surface, it transforms into lava when it erupts through the Earth's surface.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of volcanoes with this quiz. Learn about the different types of volcanoes such as cinder cone, composite cone, shield volcano, and lava dome. Test your knowledge on their characteristics and examples from around the world.
