Volcanoes and Their Anatomy

What is the purpose of the magma chamber in a volcano?

Which type of volcano is characterized by low viscosity lava and broad sloping sides?

What typically happens during the eruption phase of a volcano?

Which of the following describes an active volcano?

What term describes volcanic formations that develop when lava escapes and builds secondary structures?

What primarily forms a cinder cone volcano?

Which type of volcano is characterized by a symmetrical cone and explosive eruptions?

During which phase of a volcano do signs like steam, rubble, and shaking occur?

What is the defining characteristic of a dormant volcano?

Which component of a volcano serves as the path for magma to reach the Earth's surface?

Volcanoes

Erupts molten rocks, fragments, and gaseous materials
Can be a vent (hole in the earth)
Vulcano (Italian) - burning mountain
Vulcan (Roman God of Fire)

Volcano Anatomy

Main Vent: Magma passes through the magma chamber to reach the Earth's surface.
Magma Chamber: Magma is stored/located
Crater: Bowl-shaped depression made by eruption.
Secondary Cone: Formed when lava escapes, also called "parasitic cones."

Volcano Types by Shape

Cinder Cone: Made by pyroclastic fragments and volcanic ashes.
- Solidify around the main vent to form a cone.
- Circular or oval shape (e.g., Babuyan Claro, C. Smith Volcano).
- Conical shape
Composite/Strato Volcanoes: Mostly symmetrical cones, steep, rise high (e.g., 2400 ft). Lava solidifies (sticky). Acidic (fast-solidifying). (e.g., Mayon Volcano, Mount Fuji)
Shield Volcanoes: Low viscosity lava, broad sloping sides, and shield-like shape. Not explosive (e.g., volcanoes in Hawaii)

Volcano Types by Eruptive History

Active: Has erupted in the last 600 years or at least erupted once in 10,000 years
Dormant: Active but didn't erupt in the last 10,000-20,000 years
Extinct: Not expected to erupt

Phases of Volcanoes

Preparation: Volcano is being filled with magma; steam/shaking can be observed; Volcano is getting hotter.
Eruption: Magma goes out.
Ending: Magma chamber empties; may collapse to a crater because it's weakened.

Explore the fascinating world of volcanoes through this quiz on their types, anatomy, and characteristics. Learn about the differences between cinder cone, composite, and shield volcanoes, as well as the key components that make up a volcano. Test your knowledge and discover more about these incredible geological formations.