Mount Amorong: Type of Volcano Quiz and Flashcards

Study Notes

Volcanoes

A volcano is a natural opening in the Earth's surface where molten rocks, hot gases, smoke, and ash are ejected.
Volcanoes are classified based on their records of eruption or activity, cone shape, and style of eruption.

Volcanoes in the Philippines

The Philippines has around 300 volcanoes, with 23 identified as active and the rest as inactive or dormant.
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) system classifies volcanoes based on their records of eruption.
Volcanoes with a record of eruption within the last 600 years or that erupted 10,000 years ago are considered active.
Volcanoes with no record of eruption or that have not erupted for the last 10,000 years and are being changed by weathering and erosion are considered inactive.
The six most active volcanoes in the Philippines are Mayon, Hibok-hibok, Pinatubo, Taal, Kanlaon, and Bulusan.

Types of Volcanic Cones

Shield volcanoes are formed by the accumulation of lava that oozes out from the volcano, resulting in a broad, slightly domed structure.
Examples of shield volcanoes include Mauna Loa Volcano in Hawaii and Mount Amorong in the Philippines.
Cinder cones are built from ejected lava fragments and have a steep slope, wide crater, and are the most abundant of the three major volcano types.
Examples of cinder cones include Smith or Babuyan, and Mount Mayabobo in the Philippines.
Composite cones or stratovolcanoes are formed from alternate solidification of both lava and pyroclastic deposits, resulting in a large, nearly perfect sloped structure.
Examples of composite cones include Mayon Volcano, Mount Pinatubo, Kanlaon, Mount Hibok-hibok, and Mount Apo.

Viscosity of Magma

Viscosity is the ability of a material to resist flow, and is an important property in determining the eruptive behavior of magma.
The viscosity of magma is controlled by its chemical composition, temperature, and gas content.
Magma with high viscosity is thick and sticky, while magma with low viscosity is thin and fluid.

Types of Volcanic Eruptions

Phreatomagmatic eruptions are violent and occur due to the contact between water and magma.
Strombolian eruptions are periodic and weak to violent, characterized by fountain lava.
Vulcanian eruptions are characterized by tall eruption columns that reach up to 20 km high with pyroclastics flow and ashfall.
Plinian eruptions are excessively explosive and characterized by a large amount of gas and pyroclastics.
Icelandic eruptions are characterized by effusions of molten basaltic lava that flow from long, parallel fissures.
Hawaiian eruptions are gentle and low-level, characterized by lava flows from the vent.
Pelean eruptions are associated with an explosive outburst that generates pyroclastic flows, dense mixtures of hot volcanic fragments, and gas.

Description

Test your knowledge on different types of volcanoes like shield volcanoes and cinder cones with examples like Mauna Loa in Hawaii and Mount Amorong in the Philippines. Learn about their unique characteristics and formations.