Volcanic Hazards and Lava Flows Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of volcanic activity on Earth?

  • The gravitational pull of the Moon and other celestial bodies
  • The interaction of tectonic plates at divergent and subduction boundaries (correct)
  • The erosion of the Earth's surface over time
  • The Earth's core generating intense heat and pressure
  • Which of the following is not a type of volcano mentioned in the text?

  • Composite volcano
  • Caldera volcano (correct)
  • Cinder-cone volcano
  • Shield volcano
  • What is the difference between magma and lava?

  • Magma and lava are the same thing, just different names
  • Magma is molten rock beneath the Earth's surface, while lava is molten rock on the surface (correct)
  • Magma is a type of gas, while lava is a type of molten rock
  • Magma is solid rock, while lava is molten rock
  • Which of the following best describes a cinder-cone volcano?

    <p>A steep, conical structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addition to molten rock, what other materials can volcanoes eject?

    <p>Steam, ash clouds, and super-heated rock fragments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a lava flow and a pyroclastic flow?

    <p>A pyroclastic flow contains a higher percentage of solid materials than a lava flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the term 'pyroclastic'?

    <p>It refers to the combination of heated rock and gas in a pyroclastic flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential hazard associated with a pyroclastic flow?

    <p>Flooding caused by melting glaciers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a pyroclastic flow and a pyroclastic surge?

    <p>A pyroclastic surge is comprised primarily of gases, while a pyroclastic flow contains more solid materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following historical volcanic eruptions is NOT mentioned in the text as an example of a pyroclastic flow?

    <p>Mount Vesuvius in Italy in 79 AD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason pyroclastic surges are more likely to cause death in humans compared to pyroclastic density currents?

    <p>Pyroclastic surges contain poisonous gases and steam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about tephra is true?

    <p>Tephra can weigh up to 30 tons and travel at high speeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential hazard associated with tephra is mentioned in the text?

    <p>Tephra can produce lightning strikes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of the tephra produced during the 1815 eruption of Tambora?

    <p>It destroyed vegetation, leading to famine and loss of life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are pyroclastic density currents able to affect a smaller area than pyroclastic surges, according to the text?

    <p>They contain fewer solid particles, allowing gas to dissipate more quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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