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Volcanic Hazards and Lava Flows Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of volcanic activity on Earth?

The gravitational pull of the Moon and other celestial bodies

The interaction of tectonic plates at divergent and subduction boundaries (correct)

The erosion of the Earth's surface over time

The Earth's core generating intense heat and pressure

Which of the following is not a type of volcano mentioned in the text?

Composite volcano

Caldera volcano (correct)

Cinder-cone volcano

Shield volcano

What is the difference between magma and lava?

Magma and lava are the same thing, just different names

Magma is molten rock beneath the Earth's surface, while lava is molten rock on the surface (correct)

Magma is a type of gas, while lava is a type of molten rock

Magma is solid rock, while lava is molten rock

Which of the following best describes a cinder-cone volcano?

A steep, conical structure (B) Signup and view all the answers

In addition to molten rock, what other materials can volcanoes eject?

Steam, ash clouds, and super-heated rock fragments (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a lava flow and a pyroclastic flow?

A pyroclastic flow contains a higher percentage of solid materials than a lava flow. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the term 'pyroclastic'?

It refers to the combination of heated rock and gas in a pyroclastic flow. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential hazard associated with a pyroclastic flow?

Flooding caused by melting glaciers (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a pyroclastic flow and a pyroclastic surge?

A pyroclastic surge is comprised primarily of gases, while a pyroclastic flow contains more solid materials. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following historical volcanic eruptions is NOT mentioned in the text as an example of a pyroclastic flow?

Mount Vesuvius in Italy in 79 AD (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason pyroclastic surges are more likely to cause death in humans compared to pyroclastic density currents?

Pyroclastic surges contain poisonous gases and steam. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about tephra is true?

Tephra can weigh up to 30 tons and travel at high speeds. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What potential hazard associated with tephra is mentioned in the text?

Tephra can produce lightning strikes. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of the tephra produced during the 1815 eruption of Tambora?

It destroyed vegetation, leading to famine and loss of life. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are pyroclastic density currents able to affect a smaller area than pyroclastic surges, according to the text?

They contain fewer solid particles, allowing gas to dissipate more quickly. (B) Signup and view all the answers