Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which process is applicable to volatile oils but not to fixed oils?
Which process is applicable to volatile oils but not to fixed oils?
- Saponification
- Steam distillation (correct)
- Volatilization at room temperature
- Solubility in organic solvents and alcohol
What is the significance of fixed oils compared to volatile oils?
What is the significance of fixed oils compared to volatile oils?
- Nutritive value (correct)
- Therapeutic agents
- Flavoring agents
- Starting materials for semi-synthesis
What is the main difference between volatile oils and fixed oils?
What is the main difference between volatile oils and fixed oils?
- Steam distillation
- Action of air and light in storage
- Nutritive value
- Volatility at room temperature (correct)
What is the composition difference between volatile and fixed oils?
What is the composition difference between volatile and fixed oils?
Which type of oil leaves a permanent stain on filter paper?
Which type of oil leaves a permanent stain on filter paper?
Match the type of oils with their solubility properties:
Match the type of oils with their solubility properties:
Match the type of oils with their volatilization properties:
Match the type of oils with their volatilization properties:
Match the type of oils with their filter paper stain properties:
Match the type of oils with their filter paper stain properties:
Match the type of oils with their action in storage:
Match the type of oils with their action in storage:
Match the importance of volatile oils with their primary usage:
Match the importance of volatile oils with their primary usage:
Match the type of oils with their volatilization at room temperature properties:
Match the type of oils with their volatilization at room temperature properties:
Match the type of oils with their solubility properties:
Match the type of oils with their solubility properties:
Match the type of oils with their nutritive value properties:
Match the type of oils with their nutritive value properties:
Match the importance of volatile oils with their primary usage:
Match the importance of volatile oils with their primary usage:
Match the action of air and light in storage with the type of oils:
Match the action of air and light in storage with the type of oils:
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Study Notes
Volatile and Fixed Oils
- Volatile oils are applicable to a process that is not applicable to fixed oils: steam distillation.
Characteristics of Volatile and Fixed Oils
- Fixed oils are typically non-volatile, with a higher molecular weight and a greater viscosity than volatile oils.
- Volatile oils are composed of hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, and esters, whereas fixed oils are composed of triglycerides.
- Fixed oils leave a permanent stain on filter paper, whereas volatile oils do not.
Solubility Properties
- Volatile oils are soluble in ethanol, whereas fixed oils are soluble in hexane or ether.
Volatilization Properties
- Volatile oils are highly volatile and evaporate quickly, even at room temperature, whereas fixed oils are not volatile.
Filter Paper Stain Properties
- Fixed oils leave a permanent stain on filter paper, whereas volatile oils do not.
Action in Storage
- Fixed oils can become rancid when exposed to air and light, whereas volatile oils are relatively stable.
Importance and Primary Usage of Volatile Oils
- Volatile oils are primarily used for their aroma, flavor, and medicinal properties.
Additional Properties
- Fixed oils have a higher nutritive value than volatile oils.
- Air and light can cause fixed oils to become rancid, whereas volatile oils are relatively stable.
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