Vocabulary Building

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the concept of 'vicarious' experience?

  • A traveler immerses themselves in a new culture, directly experiencing its traditions and customs.
  • A chef meticulously prepares a dish, focusing on each ingredient to create a culinary masterpiece.
  • A moviegoer becomes emotionally invested in the characters' journey, feeling their joys and sorrows as if they were their own. (correct)
  • A student studies diligently for an exam, directly experiencing the knowledge they acquire.

In the context of political ideologies, how does 'socialism' differ most significantly from 'communism'?

  • Socialism supports free-market capitalism, while communism aims to abolish private enterprise.
  • Socialism seeks to achieve equality through redistribution, while communism advocates for government ownership of property. (correct)
  • Socialism promotes individual freedoms, while communism prioritizes state control.
  • Socialism emphasizes nationalistic ideals, while communism promotes international cooperation.

Which scenario demonstrates a government operating under the principles of 'plutocracy'?

  • A government where the people elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.
  • A government where policies are primarily shaped by the interests of the wealthy elite. (correct)
  • A government in which a single individual wields absolute power, suppressing any form of dissent.
  • A government funded by religious tithes that enforces laws based on religious doctrine.

A country decides to increase taxes on imported goods to protect its domestic industries. Which term best describes this action?

<p>Tariff (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a negotiation, a neutral third party is brought in to help facilitate an agreement between two opposing sides. This process is best described as:

<p>Arbitration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions would be considered 'annexing' territory?

<p>Seizing control of a disputed border region by military force and declaring it part of your country. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A public figure is accused of corruption, but after a thorough investigation, the charges are dropped due to lack of evidence. Which term best describes this outcome?

<p>Acquittal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Someone who is described as 'gregarious' is most likely to:

<p>Enjoy socializing and being around other people. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A person who is unwilling to compromise and holds extreme views is best described as a:

<p>Zealot (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following situations exemplifies the concept of 'ostentatious' behavior?

<p>A person wears extravagant jewelry and clothing to a casual event, drawing attention to their wealth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Embellish

To decorate

Ambiguous

Unclear; open to more than one interpretation.

Venerate

To regard with great respect; to honor.

Scoff

To ridicule or mock; to show contempt.

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Retrospect

Looking back on past events or a period of time.

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Instigate

To bring about or initiate; to provoke.

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Scrupulous

Ethical; having moral integrity.

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Pact

An agreement or treaty.

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Mandate

Required

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Plutocracy

Government by wealthy people.

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Study Notes

  • Embellish means to decorate something.
  • Ambiguous means unclear or open to multiple interpretations.
  • Venerate means to honor or deeply respect.
  • Scoff means to ridicule or mock.
  • Retrospect means looking back on past events.
  • Instigate means to cause or start something, often negative.
  • Collaborate means to team up or work together.
  • Scrupulous means to be careful about moral standards.
  • Ostentatious means showy or extravagant.
  • Gregarious means outgoing and sociable.
  • Dissident refers to a rebel or someone who opposes authority.
  • Zealot refers to an extremist, often in religion or politics.
  • Squelch means to hold back or suppress.
  • Rudimentary means basic or fundamental.
  • Resilient means quick to recover from difficulties.
  • Despondent means depressed or extremely discouraged.
  • Vicarious means indirect, experienced through someone else.
  • Scrupulous means ethical and having moral integrity.
  • Optimum means ideal or the best possible.
  • Facetious means teasing in a funny or inappropriate manner.
  • Reform means change, often for the better.
  • Pact means an agreement or treaty.
  • Act can refer to a law or statute.
  • Litigate means to carry a dispute to court.
  • Mandate means required or officially ordered.
  • Domestic means relating to the home or country.
  • Conservative means not open to change, tending to preserve existing conditions.
  • Liberal means open to change and new ideas.
  • Totalitarian refers to a type of government, a dictatorship controlled by one person or group.
  • Fascist refers to a dictatorship supported by the military.
  • Plutocracy refers to government by the wealthy.
  • Theocracy refers to a religiously based government.
  • Democracy refers to government by the people, based on majority rule.
  • Autocracy refers to one-person rule.
  • Munitions means weapons or ammunition.
  • Indict means charged or accused of a crime.
  • Acquittal means released, charges dropped.
  • Exonerate means pardon or acquit.
  • Tariff refers to a system of taxes, specifically import/export taxes.
  • Sentiment refers to feelings or thoughts.
  • Civil relates to people or the general citizenry.
  • Society is a grouping of people.
  • Era is a period of time.
  • Suffrage is the right to vote.
  • Communist refers to government ownership of property.
  • Socialist advocates for a Robin Hood-like system, aiming for absolute equality.
  • Democrat is a US political party, traditionally liberal, for the masses, and represented by a donkey.
  • Moderate means to ride the fence, taking a middle-ground approach.
  • Republican is a US political party; traditionally conservative; represented by an elephant.
  • Republic refers to representation by a grouping or association, like Senators/Representatives.
  • Socialism refers to government of the people.
  • Anarchism is the absence of government.
  • Racism means targeting or singling out one culture or ethnic group.
  • Militarism means government support of a strong military.
  • Imperialism refers to the building of an empire; government support of empire.
  • Nationalism is a strong sense of country; patriotic.
  • Jingoism is aggressive foreign policy, combining militarism and nationalism.
  • Capitalism is the US economic system, based on competition.
  • Fundamentalism is a religious movement based on core beliefs.
  • Nazism was the government type in Germany under Hitler.
  • Industrialism was an era of factory labor, invention, and machine-based work.
  • Environmentalism is a movement to conserve the land.
  • Conservation means to save or protect.
  • Amend means to change legislation, to add to or take away.
  • Progressive means forward-moving.
  • Allotment means divided.
  • Gilded means coated in something.
  • Arbitrator is a middle man; neutral.
  • Corroborate means support or agree with.
  • Blue Collar refers to a hand laborer.
  • White Collar refers to a pen and pencil laborer.
  • Aristocracy is the upper social and economic classes.
  • Diplomacy refers to how a country deals/relates with its neighbors.
  • Dissent means opposing.
  • Mediate means to act as a neutral judge; a go-between.
  • Staunchly means strongly.
  • Annex means to take possession of.
  • Commerce means trade, doing business.
  • Repeal means to reverse, to do away with.
  • Patronage, also known as the spoils system, is doing something in exchange for something else.

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