Untitled Quiz

Questions and Answers

Match the following word parts with their definitions:

cyst/o = bladder glomerul/o = glomerulus -cele = hernia, tumor nephr/o = kidney lith/o = stone, calculus ur/o = urine, urinary tract pyel/o = renal pelvis -lysis = setting free, separation -pexy = surgical fixation -tripsy = to crush dia- = complete- through -ectasis = enlargement, stretching ureter/o = ureter urethr/o = urethra -uria = urination, urine

Excessive fluid accumulation in body tissues is called ____.

edema

A stone in the urinary bladder is known as a ____.

cystolith

The increased output of urine is known as ____.

diuresis Signup and view all the answers

Before entering the ureters, urine collects in the ____.

renal pelvis Signup and view all the answers

A disorder of the ____ gland affects a male's ability to urinate.

prostate Signup and view all the answers

Urine is produced in microscopic functional units of each kidney called ____.

nephrons Signup and view all the answers

In the male, the ____ carries both urine and semen.

urethra Signup and view all the answers

A specialist who treats the genitourinary system of males is a/an ____.

urologist Signup and view all the answers

Stress incontinence is the inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing.

True Signup and view all the answers

Prostatism is a malignancy of the prostate gland.

False Signup and view all the answers

Urethrorrhea is bleeding from the urethra.

False Signup and view all the answers

Renal colic is an acute pain in the kidney area that is caused by blockage during the passage of a kidney stone.

True Signup and view all the answers

Acute renal failure has sudden onset and is characterized by uremia.

True Signup and view all the answers

Mr. Baldridge suffers from excessive urination during the night. The medical term for this is ____.

nocturia Signup and view all the answers

Rosita LaPinta inherited ____ kidney disease. These cysts slowly reduce the kidney function, and this eventually leads to kidney failure.

polycystic Signup and view all the answers

Doris Volk has a chronic bladder condition involving inflammation within the wall of the bladder. This is known as ____.

interstitial cystitis Signup and view all the answers

The discharge of blood from the ureter is ____.

ureterorrhagia Signup and view all the answers

The term meaning excessive urination is ____.

polyuria Signup and view all the answers

The term meaning inflammation of the bladder is ____.

cystitis Signup and view all the answers

The major waste product of protein metabolism is ____.

urea Signup and view all the answers

Acute renal failure has sudden onset and is characterized by ____.

uremia Signup and view all the answers

The presence of abnormally low concentration of protein in the blood is known as ____.

hypoproteinemia Signup and view all the answers

Abnormal hardening of the kidney is known as ____.

nephrosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

A surgical incision into the kidney is a/an ____.

nephrotomy Signup and view all the answers

A percutaneous surgical removal of a kidney stone through a small incision in the back is called ____.

nephrolithotomy Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Word Parts

cyst/o: Refers to the bladder.
glomerul/o: Pertains to the glomerulus, the filtering unit of the kidney.
-cele: Denotes a hernia or tumor.
nephr/o: Indicates the kidney.
lith/o: Relates to stones or calculi.
ur/o: Concerns urine or the urinary tract.
pyel/o: Refers to the renal pelvis, where urine collects.
-lysis: Means setting free or separation.
-pexy: Involves surgical fixation.
-tripsy: Refers to the act of crushing.
dia-: Translates to complete or through.
-ectasis: Signifies enlargement or stretching.
ureter/o: Related to the ureter, the tube carrying urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
urethr/o: Pertains to the urethra, the tube through which urine exits the body.
-uria: Refers to urination or urine.

Clinical Terms

edema: Accumulation of excessive fluid in body tissues.
cystolith: A stone located in the urinary bladder.
diuresis: Increased urine output.
renal pelvis: Area where urine collects before entering ureters.
urologist: Specialist in male genitourinary systems.
epispadias: Condition where urethral opening is on the upper surface of the penis.
ablation: Removal or destruction of body parts or their function.

Structures of the Urinary System

urethral meatus: Opening through which urine exits the body.
glomerulus: Part of a nephron that filters blood.
renal cortex: Outer region of the kidney.
urethra: Tube carrying urine from the bladder to the outside.
ureters: Tubes transporting urine from kidneys to bladder.

Diagnostic and Surgical Procedures

pyelotomy: Surgical incision into the renal pelvis.
ureterorrhagia: Blood discharge from the ureter.
polyuria: Excessive urination.
cystitis: Inflammation of the bladder.
urea: Major waste product from protein metabolism.
nephritis: Inflammation of the kidney due to toxins or infection.

Common Conditions and Procedures

Wilms tumor: Malignant kidney tumor in children.
urinary catheterization: Process to withdraw urine from the bladder.
Kegel exercises: Strengthening pelvic floor muscles to prevent incontinence.
vesicovaginal fistula: Abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina.
nocturia: Excessive urination at night.
polycystic kidney disease: Genetic condition leading to kidney failure due to cysts.

Abbreviations

BPH: Benign prostatic hyperplasia.
ESRD: End-stage renal disease.
ESWL: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy.
GFR: Glomerular filtration rate.
OAB: Overactive bladder.

Additional Terms

anuria: Absence of urine formation.
cystorrhaphy: Surgical suturing of the bladder.
nephrolysis: Freeing a kidney from adhesions.
oliguria: Scanty urination.
hemodialysis: Filtering waste from blood artificially.
nocturnal enuresis: Urinary incontinence during sleep.

glomerulonephritis: Kidney disease causing red blood cells to leak into urine.
nephroptosis: Dropping down of the kidney, also known as floating kidney.
ureterectasis: Distention or swelling of the ureter.
hypoproteinemia: Low concentration of protein in the blood.