VMware Cloud Foundation Deployment Process
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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in the VMware Cloud Foundation deployment process?

  • Deploy VMware Cloud Builder Appliance (correct)
  • Initiate the automated bring-up process
  • Prepare ESXi Hosts for VMware Cloud Foundation
  • Upload the deployment parameter workbook

What does the deployment parameters workbook define?

  • User access permissions
  • Hardware compatibility settings
  • Software licensing agreements
  • Network information and host details (correct)

What happens after the deployment parameters workbook is uploaded?

  • A JSON file is generated for the bring-up process (correct)
  • External certificates are automatically generated
  • A manual configuration process starts
  • The deployment is permanently halted

What is required for hosts added after bring-up if external certificates are used for ESXi?

<p>They must be configured with external certificates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is responsible for validating the provided network information during deployment?

<p>VMware Cloud Builder appliance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'bring-up' refer to in the context of VMware Cloud Foundation?

<p>The deployment process of the management domain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which types of certificates can be used during the deployment of VMware Cloud Foundation?

<p>Both external and internal certificates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the --force option in SoS Utility?

<p>To allow SoS operations directly after bring-up (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option prevents the removal of output from a previous log collection run?

<p>--no-clean-old-logs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the --setup-json SETUP_JSON option allow you to do?

<p>Use a custom setup file for log collection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option is used to collect logs specifically from ESXi hosts?

<p>--esx-logs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the --log-folder LOGFOLDER option specify?

<p>The name of the log directory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be entered if there is only one DNS server during the VMware Cloud Foundation setup?

<p>n/a (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the FIPS security mode in VMware Cloud Foundation?

<p>To ensure compliance with a U.S. and Canadian government standard (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the setup, what information needs to be provided for the NTP servers?

<p>The IP address or FQDN of the NTP servers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the DNS Zone Name reflect in VMware Cloud Foundation?

<p>The root domain name for SDDC management components (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following parameters can be modified after the VMware Cloud Foundation bring-up?

<p>License keys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does enabling the Customer Experience Improvement Program (CEIP) during setup allow?

<p>To participate in customer feedback initiatives across VMware products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be selected if you wish to activate FIPS security mode during deployment?

<p>Enable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes what FIPS 140-2 specifies?

<p>Security requirements for cryptographic modules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you have two NTP servers, what information is required for each during the setup?

<p>Both IP addresses and FQDNs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary when selecting 'Yes' in the License Keys section during deployment?

<p>The license key must match the product and be valid for the specified version. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if you choose 'No' during the license key selection?

<p>Components will be deployed in evaluation mode. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you ensure about the license key when using the per-TiB license for vSAN?

<p>All workload domain components will consume TiB capacity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be resolved for the deployment to succeed regarding host names and IP addresses?

<p>They must be resolvable using the provided DNS servers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of license key must also be added if using a solution license key?

<p>A separate VMware vSAN license key for vSAN clusters. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does VMware Cloud Builder do with the provided host name and DNS zone?

<p>It calculates the full domain name (FQDN) for validation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is expected in the Deploy Parameters Worksheet for host name entries?

<p>Short names only. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical action required after bring-up if deployed in evaluation mode?

<p>Switching to licensed mode by adding license keys. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of failing DNS validation during the deployment process?

<p>The bring-up process will fail. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of licensing detail is directly related to vSAN during deployment?

<p>A vSAN-specific license key must be added. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must you select to enable vSAN Express Storage Architecture (ESA) for the first cluster in the management domain?

<p>Select Yes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What requirement must be fulfilled for creating additional vSAN ESA clusters after bringup?

<p>The management domain must be using vLCM images (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which flash device characteristic is essential for vSAN ESA?

<p>It must be high-performance NVMe based (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which architecture allows the use of deduplication and compression settings specified in vSAN storage policies?

<p>vSAN Express Storage Architecture (ESA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for a host contributing storage in a vSAN ESA cluster?

<p>It must contain a single storage pool of four or more flash devices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be ensured concerning the ESXi hosts for compatibility with vSAN ESA?

<p>They must be certified as ESA-compatible in the HCL JSON file (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if 'No' is selected for enabling vSAN ESA?

<p>Only OSA clusters can be created after bringup (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the use of vLCM images with vSAN ESA?

<p>They are mandatory for managing ESA clusters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is incorrect regarding the capabilities of vSAN ESA?

<p>It does not support deduplication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the phrase 'vSAN ESA is not supported with vLCM baselines' imply?

<p>There are specific requirements for vSAN management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum VLAN ID that can be entered for the NSX host overlay network?

<p>4094 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A host with four pNICs requires three IP addresses in the static IP pool for host overlay traffic.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of external NTP sources in VMware Cloud Foundation?

<p>To synchronize the time between the software components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Enter _____ notation to specify the network range in the NSX Host Overlay network.

<p>CIDR</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components with their respective descriptions:

<p>pNICs = Physical network interface cards on a host VLAN ID = Identifier for a Virtual Local Area Network NSX = Network and Security platform for VMware CIDR = Method for allocating IP addresses using variable-length subnet masking</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cmdlet is used in PowerCLI to generate a custom ISO?

<p>New-IsoImage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

VSphere Lifecycle Manager can be used to create a custom ISO from a single ESXi image.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which file format is required to be imported into the vSphere Lifecycle Manager depot as part of customization?

<p>zip</p> Signup and view all the answers

The command to create a custom ISO specifies the path to the _______ file.

<p>software spec</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components with their descriptions:

<p>New-IsoImage = A cmdlet to create custom ISOs vSphere Lifecycle Manager = A tool for managing ESXi images DPU = Data Processing Unit for ESXi ESXi = VMware's hypervisor for virtual machines</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the -Destination parameter in the New-IsoImage cmdlet?

<p>To specify the output path for the generated ISO file (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is necessary to create a temporary cluster to export a vSphere Lifecycle Manager image as an ISO.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if the ESXi version specified in the BOM is not available in the Select Version drop-down menu?

<p>Contact your vendor for the OEM add-on version. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What network configuration settings are required when installing ESXi interactively?

<p>Management network, DNS, NTP services</p> Signup and view all the answers

You need to use a vendor-specific ISO file to create a custom ESXi ISO image.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The output custom ISO file created by New-IsoImage will be saved in the specified _______ path.

<p>destination</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Active/Standby configuration of DPUs provide?

<p>High availability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What command in VMware PowerCLI is used to get the base image version from the ESXi patch zip file?

<p>Get-DepotBaseImages</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of creating a custom ESXi ISO using vSphere Lifecycle Manager?

<p>Install ESXi on the cluster (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each DPU in an independent configuration is connected to the same vSphere Distributed Switch.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You must have at least VMware PowerCLI version _____ to create a custom ISO.

<p>12.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step involved in installing ESXi on VMware Cloud Foundation Hosts?

<p>Use the ESXi ISO to perform the installation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following commands with their purpose:

<p>Get-DepotBaseImages = Retrieve base image version from ESXi patch Get-DepotAddons = Get add-on name and version for OEM ConvertTo-Json = Convert data to JSON format Import-Module = Load a PowerCLI module</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can you download ESXi patches?

<p>Broadcom Support Portal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

DPUs can be utilized in a ________ configuration to provide redundancy.

<p>high availability</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the DPU configuration with its purpose:

<p>Active/Standby = Provides redundancy Independent = Increases offload capacity vSphere Distributed Switch = Connects VMs to network ESXi ISO = Installs ESXi on hosts</p> Signup and view all the answers

The software spec used to create the custom ISO is an XML file.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of file must you download from the Broadcom Support Portal for the ESXi patch?

<p>zip file</p> Signup and view all the answers

What needs to be ensured before configuring the network on VMware Cloud Foundation Hosts?

<p>The installation of ESXi is completed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You need to ensure that the new hosts use the later version of ESXi if they have been async patched to a version _____ than the BOM.

<p>later</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Planning and Preparation Workbook is optional for the SDDC access process.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should each ESXi host's network port group be configured with?

<p>Using the VMware Host Client.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before preparing hosts for a VI workload domain, you must verify the ________ Checklist sheet.

<p>Prerequisite</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a prerequisite for installing ESXi?

<p>Install specific application software (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for the VMware Cloud Builder appliance to function correctly during deployment?

<p>It must have access to external services such as DNS and NTP. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The static IP address for the VMware Cloud Builder appliance can be configured after deployment.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum password length required for the admin account during the deployment process?

<p>15 characters</p> Signup and view all the answers

On the Select networks dialog box, the value for Network mappings must be set to ______.

<p>your_portgroup</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following steps with their corresponding actions during VMware Cloud Builder deployment.

<ol> <li>Select creation type = A. Deploy a virtual machine from an OVF or OVA file</li> <li>Select storage = B. Choose a datastore</li> <li>License agreements = C. Agree to terms and conditions</li> <li>Select networks = D. Enter network mapping values</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Which special characters are supported in the admin password during the VMware Cloud Builder setup?

<p>@ ! # $ % ? (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Powering on the VMware Cloud Builder appliance automatically is an optional setting during deployment.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

VMware Cloud Builder

A virtual appliance used to deploy and configure the initial cluster of the management domain and transfer control over the infrastructure to SDDC Manager.

Deployment Parameters Workbook

A document containing network details, host information, and other configurations required for deploying VMware Cloud Foundation.

Bring Up

The process of setting up and initializing a VMware Cloud Foundation environment.

JSON File

This JSON file holds the configuration details you provide in the Deployment Parameters Workbook, driving the automated bring-up process.

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Management Domain

The initial cluster of the VMware Cloud Foundation environment that manages other clusters in the organization.

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External Certificates

Certificates generated by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) outside of the VMware environment.

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External Certificates for ESXi Hosts

A feature that supports external certificates for all ESXi hosts in the management domain, including those added after the initial bring-up.

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DNS Server #1

The IP address of the first DNS server used for the SDDC management components.

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DNS Server #2

The IP address of the second DNS server used in the SDDC environment. If only one server is used, this cell should be marked as n/a.

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NTP Server #1

The IP address or fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the primary server that synchronizes system clocks in the SDDC environment.

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NTP Server #2

The IP address or FQDN of the secondary NTP server, providing redundancy for clock synchronization. If only one server is used, this cell should be marked as n/a.

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DNS Zone Name

The root domain name used for managing the SDDC components. All components must exist within this same DNS zone.

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Customer Experience Improvement Program (CEIP)

A feature that enables VMware to gather data for improving product features and customer experience.

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FIPS Security Mode

A security mode enforced on the SDDC Manager that strengthens cryptographic processes and adheres to the FIPS 140-2 standard.

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FIPS 140-2

A US. and Canadian government standard requiring specific security levels for cryptographic modules. This standard enhances data security and helps maintain data confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

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License Now

A license is required to utilize VMware Cloud Foundation. This parameter indicates whether a license is being acquired or has already been acquired.

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SoS Utility - --force

An optional flag that forces the SoS Utility to collect logs from the VMware Cloud Builder. Use this option only if you're unable to run SoS directly from the SDDC Manager.

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SoS Utility - --history

Displays the last 20 SoS operations performed, useful for troubleshooting past operations and understanding the history of SoS utility usage.

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SoS Utility - --log-dir

A flag used to specify the directory to store SoS Utility logs. This allows you to customize the log storage location for easier access.

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SoS Utility - --setup-json

A flag that instructs the SoS Utility to use a custom JSON file for log collection, enabling you to collect logs for specific components based on your requirements.

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SoS Utility - --skip-known-host-check

This flag allows the SoS Utility to ignore the SSL certificate check for a host in the known host list, useful in scenarios where there are trust issues.

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License Keys

License keys are used to activate and authorize the use of VMware Cloud Foundation components.

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License Key Validity

A license key must be valid for the specific version of the product it's intended for.

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License Key Audit

An audit ensures the format and validity of a license key are correct.

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vSAN Per-TiB License

The per-TiB license for vSAN includes components like vCenter and NSX Manager within its capacity consumption.

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Evaluation Mode

Components are deployed in a trial period, allowing for testing before committing.

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Switching to Licensed Mode

VMware Cloud Foundation can be switched from its evaluation mode to licensed mode after the bring-up process.

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vSphere Client License Management

You can manage licenses in the vSphere Client, allowing you to add and apply them for VMware ESXi and vCenter Server.

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Separate vSAN License Key

In addition to a solution license key, a separate vSAN license key is required for vSAN clusters.

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Deploy Parameters Worksheet

The "Deploy Parameters Worksheet" is a tool to configure vCenter Server and related objects.

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Host Name and DNS Zone

The worksheet uses short names for host entries and uses the DNS zone to calculate fully qualified domain names.

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What is vSAN ESA?

A vSAN architecture optimized for high-performance, NVMe-based TLC flash devices and high-speed networks. It utilizes a single storage pool per host, combining caching and capacity on each flash device.

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What is vSAN OSA?

vSAN's original storage architecture, offering a more flexible approach with the option to create both ESA and OSA clusters. It supports a wider range of storage devices and configurations.

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Enable vSAN-ESA

A configuration option for vSAN clusters that utilizes vSAN Express Storage Architecture. It leverages the advantages of ESA for optimal performance.

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What is the vSAN HCL JSON File?

A file that contains metadata about vSAN-compatible hardware, ensuring compatibility between ESXi hosts and ESA configurations.

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Why is vLCM Required for vSAN ESA?

vSAN ESA requires the use of vLCM images, which are custom packages containing pre-configured settings for specific hardware and software combinations.

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When is vSAN ESA Suitable?

vSAN ESA is primarily designed for scenarios demanding high performance, typically involving NVMe-based TLC flash devices and high-speed network connections.

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When is vSAN OSA Suitable?

vSAN OSA is more adaptable, supporting a wider range of storage configurations and hardware types, making it suitable for diverse environments.

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How do vSAN ESA and OSA differ in Storage Pools?

vSAN ESA clusters provide a single pool of flash devices per host, combining caching and capacity. In contrast, vSAN OSA can utilize multiple pools on each host.

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Management Domain and vSAN Architecture

The management domain in VMware Cloud Foundation typically starts with a vSAN ESA cluster, offering optimal performance for managing other clusters. Additional clusters can be created as needed, using either ESA or OSA.

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Can vSAN Clusters Change from ESA to OSA?

A vSAN cluster can be designated as either ESA or OSA upon creation. Once a cluster is initialized as ESA or OSA, this setting remains constant throughout its lifetime.

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Management Network

Network where the VMware Cloud Builder appliance is placed, allowing it to communicate with ESXi hosts and access external services like DNS and NTP.

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SDDC Manager

A secure virtual machine that manages and controls the VMware Cloud Foundation environment.

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NSX-T

A secure, virtualized layer that handles network connectivity, security, and traffic management within the VMware Cloud Foundation environment.

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vSAN

A storage virtualization technology that provides high-performance storage for virtual machines.

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Creating a Custom ESXi ISO Image

A process that involves creating a custom ISO image for ESXi hosts using VMware PowerCLI.

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Software Spec

A JSON file that contains information about the ESXi version and vendor add-on (if applicable).

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Get-DepotBaseImages

A command used in VMware PowerCLI to retrieve the base image version from an ESXi patch zip file.

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Get-DepotAddons

A command used in VMware PowerCLI to get the name and version of an OEM add-on from a zip file.

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Synchronous Patching

A method of deploying ESXi hosts that keeps them on the same version as specified in the VMware Cloud Foundation BOM.

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Asynchronous Patching

A method of deploying ESXi hosts that allows them to be updated to a later version than the one specified in the BOM.

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OEM Add-on

An additional software component specific to a hardware vendor, like HPE or Dell, that may need to be added to ESXi.

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ESXi Patch

A collection of files that contain pre-configured settings and patches specific to a certain version of ESXi.

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ESXi OEM Add-on

A component that provides specific functionality related to the ESXi operating system for a particular hardware vendor.

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High Availability with DPUs

Two DPUs (Data Processing Units) are configured to provide high availability. One DPU is active and the other is in standby, ready to take over if the active DPU fails. Both DPUs are connected to the same vSphere Distributed Switch.

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Independent DPUs for Offload

Two DPUs are used independently, without failover between them. This provides more offload capacity per ESXi host but lacks redundancy.

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ESXi Installation on VMware Cloud Foundation Hosts

ESXi is installed on all hosts in the first cluster of the management domain. This can be done interactively and can be used to install ESXi on additional management domain hosts or workload domain hosts.

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Network Configuration on ESXi Hosts

After ESXi is installed, host network configuration and administrative access can be performed using the ESXi Direct Console User Interface (DCUI).

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Configuring Virtual Machine Network Port Group

The Virtual Machine Network port group is configured for each ESXi host using the VMware Host Client. This involves creating a separate port group for network traffic.

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DPU Configuration for High Availability

Both DPUs are connected to the same vSphere Distributed Switch. This enables high availability, providing redundancy in the event of a DPU failure.

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DPU Configuration for Offload Capacity

Each DPU is connected to a separate vSphere Distributed Switch. This increases offload capacity but lacks high availability.

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Management Domain: The Control Center

VMware Cloud Foundation provides a management domain, which is the initial cluster that manages other clusters in the environment. This cluster is essential for overseeing all other clusters in the organization.

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ESXi ISO Download for VMware Cloud Foundation

The ESXi ISO is downloaded from the Broadcom Support Portal for installing VMware Cloud Foundation. The specific ESXi version should be referenced in the Bill of Materials (BOM) section of the VMware Cloud Foundation Release Notes and the list of supported async patches.

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SDDC Access Host: The Gateway to the Data Center

A host machine is required for SDDC access. This host allows you to connect to the data center and perform various configuration tasks.

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What is a Static IP Pool for NSX Host Overlay?

A static IP address range is used for host overlay networking. This range must have enough IP addresses for ESXi hosts that use the static IP pool. It depends on the number of pNICs used for host overlay. Example: A host with four pNICs that uses two for traffic needs two addresses in the pool.

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What is a Static IP Pool for NSX Host Overlay?

This option lets you decide whether to use a static IP pool or DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) for NSX host overlay networking.

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What is "Bring Up" in VMware Cloud Foundation?

The process of setting up and initializing a VMware Cloud Foundation environment. It involves configuring and deploying the necessary components, including the management domain, SDDC Manager, NSX-T, and vSAN.

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Study Notes

VMware Cloud Foundation Deployment Guide

  • VMware Cloud Foundation 5.2 deployment guide
  • Technical documentation available at https://docs.vmware.com/
  • Copyright 2015-2024 Broadcom, all rights reserved
  • "Broadcom" refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or subsidiaries
  • All trademarks, trade names, service marks, and logos belong to their respective companies.

Contents

  • About the VMware Cloud Foundation Deployment Guide (page 4)
  • Preparing your Environment for VMware Cloud Foundation (page 6)
    • Environment must meet target prerequisites and be in a specific starting state.
    • Configure necessary infrastructure components.
  • Deploying VMware Cloud Foundation (page 7)
    • Deploy VMware Cloud Builder Appliance (page 8)
      • Deploying a virtual appliance to configure the first management domain cluster.
      • Validates network details (DNS, VLANs, IP addresses).
    • Prepare ESXi Hosts (page 10)
      • Create a Custom ISO Image for ESXi (page 11)
      • Create Custom ESXi ISO Image Using VMware PowerCLI (page 11)
      • Create Custom ESXi ISO Image Using vSphere Lifecycle Manager (page 13)
        • Use vSphere Lifecycle Manager for custom ISO creation if vCenter access is available.
      • Install ESXi Interactively and Configure Hosts (page 13)
        • Install ESXi on host(s).
        • Configure management network, DNS, and NTP services.
    • Configure the Network (page 15)
      • Configure network adapter (vmkO) and VLAN.
      • Configure IP address, subnet mask, gateway, DNS server, and FQDN for ESXi host.
    • Configure NTP (page 17)
      • Configure NTP service to avoid time synchronization issues.
    • Regenerate Self-Signed Certificate (page 18)
      • Regenerate self-signed certificates for ESXi host after configuring identity.
    • Configure ESXi Hosts with Signed Certificates (page 18)
      • Add external CA-signed certificates to ESXi hosts if required by corporate policy.
  • Troubleshooting VMware Cloud Foundation Deployment (page 37)
    • VMware Cloud Builder Log Files (page 37)
      • Log files for various components (JsonGenerator, Bringup service...).
    • Using the SoS Utility (page 38)
      • Command-line utility for troubleshooting deployment issues.
  • VMware Cloud Foundation Glossary (page 43)

Intended Audience

  • Data center cloud administrators deploying VMware Cloud Foundation
  • Familiar with virtualization and software-defined data centers
  • Familiar with networking concepts (uplinks, NICs, IP networks)
  • Familiar with hardware components (Top-of-Rack (ToR) switches, inter-rack switches, servers, direct-attached storage, cables, power supplies)
  • Familiar with vSphere Client for virtual machines
  • Getting Started with VMware Cloud Foundation (high-level overview)
  • Planning and Preparation Workbook (detailed software, tools, and external services)
  • VMware Cloud Foundation Administration Guide (administering and operating the system)
  • VCF Import Tool (convert existing vSphere cluster to management domain)

Preparing your Environment

  • Environment must meet target prerequisites and be in a specific starting state.
  • Prepare the necessary infrastructure components.

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Related Documents

VMware Cloud Foundation Deployment Guide (PDF)

Description

Test your knowledge on the VMware Cloud Foundation deployment process with this quiz. Explore essential steps, parameters, and components involved in successful deployment, including the significance of certificates and network validation. Perfect for individuals preparing for VMware certifications or professionals enhancing their skills in cloud infrastructure.

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