VLSI and Digital Electronics

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Questions and Answers

An integrated circuit (IC) that contains more than 1000 logic gates is generally classified under which level of integration?

  • Very-Large-Scale Integration (VLSI)
  • Small-Scale Integration (SSI)
  • Medium-Scale Integration (MSI)
  • Large-Scale Integration (LSI) (correct)

Which type of MOSFETs are utilized within a CMOS integrated circuit (IC)?

  • Both N-channel and P-channel MOSFETs (correct)
  • Only N-channel MOSFETs
  • Only P-channel MOSFETs
  • Either N-channel or P-channel MOSFET, but not both

Which of the following statements accurately describe assembly language?

  • High-level and uses English words
  • Uses English words and only digits
  • Low-level and uses alphanumeric code (correct)
  • Low-level and uses only digits

What type of data access method does magnetic tape storage primarily utilize?

<p>Sequential (C)</p>
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How does increasing the number of gates on an integrated chip generally affect its functionality?

<p>It allows for more complex functions and increased processing capabilities. (C)</p>
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Why is the use of both N-channel and P-channel MOSFETs beneficial in CMOS IC design?

<p>It reduces power consumption and provides high noise immunity. (B)</p>
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What role do alphanumeric codes play in assembly language programming?

<p>They serve as human-readable representations of machine instructions. (C)</p>
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What is the primary disadvantage of using magnetic tape for data storage in applications requiring frequent data retrieval?

<p>Sequential access nature (B)</p>
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Considering the evolution of integrated circuits, how does Very-Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) differ from Large-Scale Integration (LSI)?

<p>VLSI integrates a significantly higher number of transistors and functions on a single chip. (C)</p>
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In CMOS IC design, what problem does the complementary arrangement of N-channel and P-channel MOSFETs specifically address?

<p>Excessive power consumption in static states (C)</p>
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Why might a programmer choose to use assembly language instead of a high-level language like Python or Java?

<p>To achieve greater control over hardware and optimize performance-critical sections of code (A)</p>
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In what scenarios would magnetic tape storage be most appropriate despite its limitations in data access?

<p>Archival storage and backups of large datasets (A)</p>
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How does reducing the size of transistors in integrated circuits influence the level of integration achievable (e.g., from LSI to VLSI)?

<p>Smaller transistors allow for higher gate density, enabling more complex ICs. (C)</p>
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What is a critical consideration in the fabrication of CMOS ICs relating to the characteristics of N-channel and P-channel MOSFETs?

<p>Ensuring symmetrical electrical characteristics for balanced performance (C)</p>
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What advantage does assembly language provide in situations where memory resources are extremely limited?

<p>Direct control over memory allocation and usage (C)</p>
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Why is magnetic tape still used for archival storage despite the availability of newer storage technologies?

<p>It offers a lower cost per unit of storage and is suitable for long-term data preservation. (B)</p>
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Considering the complexity of modern integrated circuits, what strategies are used to manage the design and verification processes in VLSI?

<p>Use of hardware description languages (HDLs) and automated design tools (B)</p>
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In the context of CMOS ICs, what does the term 'latch-up' refer to, and why is it a concern?

<p>A condition where parasitic transistors create a low-resistance path, leading to excessive current flow and potential damage (A)</p>
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What is the primary challenge in writing and maintaining assembly language programs for complex systems?

<p>The low level of abstraction, making code verbose, error-prone, and hard to understand (B)</p>
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What is a key advantage of using Linear Tape-Open (LTO) technology in modern magnetic tape storage systems over older tape formats?

<p>Higher data transfer rates and improved reliability (A)</p>
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Flashcards

VLSI

An integrated chip with more than 1000 gates is called Very Large Scale Integration.

CMOS MOSFETs

In CMOS ICs, both N-channel and P-channel MOSFETs are used to form the complementary circuit.

Assembly Language

Assembly language is a low-level language, uses alphanumeric codes.

Magnetic Tape Storage

Magnetic tape data storage stores data sequentially.

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Study Notes

  • An integrated chip with more than 1000 gates is called Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI).
  • In a CMOS IC, both N-channel and P-channel MOSFETs are used.
  • Assembly language is low level and uses alphanumeric code.
  • Data storage in a magnetic tape is sequential.

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