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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of vitamins in the human body?
Which of the following vitamins is not stored in the body and is eliminated in the urine if taken in excess?
What is the recommended daily intake of Thiamine (Vitamin B1)?
What is the primary organ where Thiamine is converted into thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)?
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What are the potential consequences of Thiamine deficiency?
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What is the role of Thiamine in the synthesis of neurotransmitters?
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Study Notes
Here is a summary of the text in detailed bullet points:
• Vitaminas are organic compounds required in small quantities to perform diverse biochemical functions, but do not provide energy.
• They are synthesized by other organisms, not by humans, except for a few exceptions.
• Vitamin requirements were defined in the 1930s and 1940s, and some values are being revised due to moderate deficiencies.
• Vitamins can be classified into two main groups: hydro-soluble vitamins (water-soluble) and liposoluble vitamins (fat-soluble).
• Hydro-soluble vitamins, such as B vitamins and C, are not stored in the body and excess is eliminated in the urine.
• Liposoluble vitamins, such as A, D, E, and K, can accumulate in the liver and kidneys, causing toxicity.
• Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is essential for energy production and nerve function, and its deficiency can cause beriberi and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
• Thiamine is present in grains, meat, and legumes, and its recommended daily intake is 1-1.2 milligrams.
• Thiamine is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to the liver, where it is converted into thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP).
• TPP is a coenzyme for various enzymes involved in energy production, such as pyruvate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.
• Thiamine deficiency can cause impaired energy production, leading to neurological and cardiovascular problems.
• Thiamine is also involved in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine and GABA.
• Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) is a precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which are coenzymes for various flavoproteins.
• Riboflavin is present in dairy products, meat, and legumes, and its recommended daily intake is 1-1.3 milligrams.
• Riboflavin is absorbed in the small intestine and transported to the liver, where it is converted into FMN and FAD.
• FMN and FAD are involved in various redox reactions, such as the electron transport chain and fatty acid oxidation.
• Riboflavin deficiency can cause impaired energy production, leading to fatigue, skin problems, and neurological disorders.
• There is no known toxicity associated with excessive riboflavin intake.
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Description
Learn about the importance of vitamins, their classification, and their role in energy production. Understand the functions of Thiamine and Riboflavin, and how their deficiencies can affect the body.
