Vitamin Deficiencies and Skin Health Quiz

The largest lymphatic duct in the body, responsible for collecting lymph from three-quarters of the body.

The end of the lymphatic system where fluids and nutrients are released from the bloodstream to cells in the interstitial space.

The space between cells where fluid and nutrients are exchanged.

The end of the lymphatic system where excess fluids and waste products are reabsorbed into the bloodstream.

The process of fluids and nutrients being reabsorbed from the interstitial space back into the bloodstream.

An accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space, often caused by impaired lymphatic drainage.

A dilated sac at the lower end of the thoracic duct, which collects lymph from the intestines and lumbar area.

The lymphatic ducts drain into two specific veins, the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein, returning lymph to the bloodstream.

The outer most layer of the epidermis, primarily composed of dead, keratinized cells (corneocytes). It serves as a water-resistant barrier and protects the skin from the environment.

The layer of the epidermis where cells undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death) and begin to flatten. This is also where keratinization (formation of keratin) starts.

The deepest layer of the epidermis, responsible for producing new skin cells. It contains actively dividing cells (mitotic activity) and melanocytes.

A type of cell found primarily in the stratum spinosum, responsible for immune function in the skin. They are also known as Langerhans cells.

A genetic condition characterized by the absence of melanin, resulting in pale skin, hair, and eyes.

A skin condition characterized by the loss of melanin in patches, resulting in lighter areas on the skin.

The process by which cells in the epidermis die and become filled with keratin, forming a tough, protective outer layer (stratum corneum).

The specialized cells in the stratum basale that produce melanin, a pigment responsible for skin color.

The process of recycling red blood cells and breaking them down into their components. This happens primarily in the spleen.

The fluid found in the lymphatic vessels, responsible for carrying immune cells and other substances back to the circulatory system.

Lymphatic structures responsible for filtering lymph, containing lymphocytes for immunity.

Functional immune cells produced in the lymph nodes, playing a role in adaptive immunity.

Specialized white blood cells that mature into plasma cells, responsible for producing antibodies.

White blood cells that develop from B cells and produce antibodies to neutralize pathogens

The pressure generated by the fluid inside a capillary, pushing fluids outward.

The pressure exerted by proteins in the blood, drawing fluid inward.

Pressure exerted by proteins in the interstitial fluid, pulling fluid outward from capillaries.

Pressure exerted by proteins in the blood, pulling fluid into the capillaries.

Includes the skin and its associated structures.

The outermost layer of the skin, composed of stratified squamous epithelium.

The most abundant cells in the epidermis. They produce keratin, a protein responsible for the skin's toughness.

A type of macrophage (immune cell) found in the epidermis, responsible for immune surveillance.

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is crucial for wound healing, maintaining healthy tissues, and boosting immune function.

Scurvy is a deficiency of Vitamin C, causing symptoms like fatigue, joint pain, bleeding gums, and impaired wound healing.

Scorbutic gingivitis is a type of inflammation of the gums caused by Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy).

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a common type of skin cancer originating from the basal cells of the epidermis. It's usually slow-growing and often found on the midface.

Vitamin D, also known as calciferol and the sunshine vitamin, is crucial for calcium absorption, bone health, and immune function.

Rickets is a disease that affects children, characterized by bone softening and deformities due to vitamin D deficiency and inadequate calcium absorption.

Osteomalacia is a condition in adults similar to rickets, where bones soften and weaken due to vitamin D deficiency and calcium loss.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common skin cancer arising from the squamous epithelial cells, often found on the lips or skin.

A vitamin that functions as an antioxidant, protecting the body from free radical damage. It also boosts the immune system.

A vitamin essential for blood clotting. It is produced by bacteria in the small intestine.

A type of skin cancer that arises from melanocytes. It is the deadliest form of skin cancer due to its high metastatic rate.

A precursor to Vitamin D3, found in our skin. It is activated by UVB rays from the sun.

The active form of Vitamin D, produced in the kidney. It plays a crucial role in calcium metabolism and bone health.

The inactive form of Vitamin D, produced in the liver. It is converted into the active form, calcitriol, in the kidney.

Glands found throughout the body that produce sweat, helping to regulate body temperature.

Glands concentrated in the axilla, areola, and perianal regions that produce a protein-rich sweat, responsible for body odor.

Glands located in the ear canal that secrete cerumen, commonly known as earwax.

The term used to describe excessive sensitivity to light, particularly UV rays. It can be a side effect of certain medications.

A condition caused by Rh incompatibility between a mother and her baby, leading to the breakdown of red blood cells in the baby's blood, resulting in a bluish discoloration of the skin.

A condition caused by Rh incompatibility between a mother and her baby, leading to the breakdown of red blood cells in the baby's blood, resulting in a bluish discoloration of the skin.

A type of Vitamin D found in plant diets, also known as Ergocalciferol.

A type of Vitamin D synthesized in the skin upon exposure to UVB rays, also known as Cholecalciferol.

A blood disorder where there is too much methemoglobin in the blood. This results in the blood not carrying oxygen molecules, causing a bluish discoloration of the skin.

The smooth muscle responsible for creating 'goosebumps' on the skin.

Partial or complete loss of hair. It can often be treated with the medication minoxidil.

Excessive hair growth localized to specific areas.

Excess hair growth all over the body. It is often linked to a Y-linked inheritance pattern.

Glands responsible for secreting sebum, an oily substance that prevents water from evaporating from the skin.

A type of scar, often referred to as CICA

Another name for freckles, which are caused by excessive melanin.

A method to assess the percentage of burn body part. Used to estimate the severity of burns based on the percentage of the body affected.

Fluid-filled lesions.

A large blister with fluid, 5mm or larger.

A small blister with fluid, less than 5mm.

A fluid-filled, semi-fluid filled, or air-filled sac with a developed epithelial wall. The presence of this epithelial wall is what defines a cyst.

An elevation of the skin less than 10 mm in diameter.

An elevation of the skin larger than 10 mm in diameter.

Medically referred to as 'urticaria'. This is characterized by reddened, elevated, itchy patches of skin, often caused by allergic reactions.

Itching, medically known as Pruritus

Common warts, often caused by HPV (Human Papillomavirus). The most common types are HPV2 and HPV4.

High-risk HPV strains like HPV16 and HPV18 can lead to cervical cancer, but they are NOT related to common wart formation.