Vitals Review Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is an indicator that immediate medical attention may be required during a seizure?

  • The person has had multiple seizures over the last month.
  • The seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes. (correct)
  • The individual appears disoriented after the seizure.
  • The individual has a history of controlled epilepsy.

    • Which level of consciousness is characterized by a person being drowsy and fatigued with decreased responsiveness?

  • Obtundation
  • Lethargic (correct)
  • Alert
  • Confused

    • What is a consequence of rapidly correcting hyperglycemia?

  • There are usually no side effects if treated promptly.
  • It can cause damage to brain cells due to osmolar changes. (correct)
  • It stabilizes the diabetic condition without risks.
  • It leads to immediate increase in energy levels.

    • What is one of the risks if an individual experiences a seizure in an unsafe environment?

    <p>Potential for serious physical injury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Glasgow Coma Scale assess?

    <p>Levels of consciousness and responsiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for measuring from the patient's heel to the posterior knee when determining seat height?

    <p>To ensure the footrest is at the correct height</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when choosing between rental and purchase of a wheelchair?

    <p>Duration of need, whether temporary or permanent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average adult seat depth size in wheelchair fitting?

    <p>16 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you determine the appropriate seat width for a wheelchair?

    <p>Measure the widest aspect of the buttocks, hips, or thighs and add 2 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the five key elements used to measure for proper wheelchair fit?

    <p>Footrest length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be assessed during the evaluation of a patient's need for a wheelchair?

    <p>Patient's age, weight, height, and mental status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of fitting 2-3 fingers between the distal thigh and the seat?

    <p>To ensure the user can maintain proper circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When assessing the expected use of a wheelchair, which factor is NOT relevant?

    <p>Patient's favorite color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct scale for grading pulse intensity?

    <p>0-4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended position of the patient when examining the carotid artery pulse?

    <p>Lying supine with trunk slightly elevated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor makes it more difficult to feel a pulse during palpation?

    <p>Low blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pulse site requires the examiner to support the forearm during palpation?

    <p>Brachial artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common location for finding the dorsalis pedis pulse?

    <p>Between the 2nd and 3rd metatarsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long is it recommended to palpate the pulse for accuracy?

    <p>60 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery is typically assessed in the popliteal region?

    <p>Popliteal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common issue can complicate palpation of the posterior tibial artery?

    <p>Obesity and edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which guideline is crucial when performing pulse palpation?

    <p>Use two fingers over the pulse site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the grading of a pulse at 3 mean?

    <p>Increased fill pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper back height measurement for a wheelchair?

    <p>Measure from the seat to the axilla with shoulder flexed to 90 degrees, then subtract 4 inches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of wheelchair is specifically used for patients weighing over 300 lbs?

    <p>Heavy duty-adult wheelchair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When measuring armrest height, how much should be added to the height from the seat to the olecranon process?

    <p>1 inch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adjustment does the amputee wheelchair have to compensate for the absent lower extremity weight?

    <p>Rear wheel axles positioned 2 inches posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method should be used for self-propulsion in a wheelchair when only one upper extremity and one lower extremity are used?

    <p>Hemi propulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In assisted wheelchair mobility, which method is recommended for navigating through doors?

    <p>Use mirrors to check for oncoming traffic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should a patient lean when going down an incline in a wheelchair?

    <p>Back to control descent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of wheelchair is designed for pediatric use and allows for adjustment as the child grows?

    <p>Growing wheelchair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average adult armrest height in a wheelchair?

    <p>9 inches above chair seat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a patient with hemiparesis, what feature does a hemi-chair have?

    <p>Seat 2 inches lower than standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of blood pooling in vessels during orthostatic hypotension?

    <p>Drop in blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance is characterized by excess cellular water compared to sodium?

    <p>Hyponatremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended first step for a physical therapist when addressing a patient with cerebrovascular trauma?

    <p>Return to supine position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of angina generally occurs in response to increased activity and is predictable?

    <p>Stable angina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is more common in women experiencing myocardial infarction compared to men?

    <p>Severe, sharper pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a non-cardiac cause of chest pain that is often overlooked?

    <p>Esophageal distress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common cause of respiratory distress?

    <p>Diabetes mellitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment step is suggested for a patient experiencing chest pain at home?

    <p>Take aspirin under the tongue and call 911</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of diuretics on the nephron?

    <p>Decrease sodium reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diuretic class primarily acts on the Loop of Henle?

    <p>Loop diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary definition of respiratory distress?

    <p>Decrease in oxygen delivery to the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect of loop diuretics?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What immediate action should a therapist take before sitting up a patient to prevent orthostatic hypotension?

    <p>Perform dynamic stretching and muscle pumping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily affected by calcium channel blockers?

    <p>Arterial vascular smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker?

    <p>Verapamil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diuretic class does Hydrochlorothiazide belong to?

    <p>Thiazide diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can beta receptor antagonists mask in diabetic patients?

    <p>Early manifestations of hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an adverse effect associated with osmotic diuretics like Mannitol?

    <p>Pulmonary edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding potassium-sparing diuretics?

    <p>They can cause hyperkalemia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics?

    <p>Inhibition of sodium chloride transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is a contraindication for the use of beta blockers?

    <p>Asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diuretic is typically used to treat edematous states such as acute pulmonary edema?

    <p>Loop diuretics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do diuretics usually affect blood pressure?

    <p>Decrease it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do calcium channel blockers have on heart rate?

    <p>They decrease heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vitals Review

    • Pulse palpation and rate involves measuring peripheral pulse amplitude, using supported limb position and encouraging relaxation by applying firm to moderate pressure for 5-10 seconds over pulse site. Evaluation includes assessing cardiac function in initial patient evaluations.
    • Low BP and dehydration can make pulse palpation more difficult.
    • Pulse palpation guidelines: Start distal, move proximal if pulse is not found. Palpate with fingertips, grading intensity 0-4. 0 = no palpable pulse, 1 = faint, but detectable, 2 = normal, 3 = increased, and 4 = pounding pulse. Avoid using thumb.
    • Radial pulse/ Brachial artery pulse examination with support to the forearm in left hand with arm abducted and elbow flexed & externally rotated, then using examiner's right hand and palpating along course of the artery just medial to the biceps tendon, lateral to medial epicondyle.
    • Carotid pulse examination with patient supine, trunk slightly elevated with chin elevated, which allows for easy palpation and use of fingers between larynx and SCM with light pressure.
    • Dorsalis pedis pulse by placing fingertips transversely across the dorsum of the forefoot. Artery usually lies near center of long axis of foot between 2nd and 3rd metatarsal lateral to extensor hallucis tendon, but location can vary.
    • Posterior tibial artery pulse is sometimes absent, approximately 10% of individuals.

    Pulse Palpation Guidelines

    • Palpation should be done using the fingertips.
    • Intensity of the pulse should be graded on a scale of 0-4.
    • 0– no palpable pulse
    • 1- faint, but detectable pulse
    • 2- normal
    • 3- increased
    • 4- pounding pulse

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    PT600 Final Study Guide PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on vital signs, specifically pulse palpation techniques and guidelines. This quiz covers the assessment of pulse characteristics, potential challenges such as low blood pressure, and proper examination methods for various pulse sites. Perfect for healthcare professionals and students looking to enhance their understanding of vital sign assessment.

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